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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Surgery of cataract has a history of almost 250 years. The first 150 years were in the sign of extracapsular extracion. The subsequent 70 years were devoted to the development and improvement of the technique of intracapsular extraction and the last more than 20 years are a return to extracapsular extraction. This is due in particular to the development of microsurgery. "Modern surgery of cataract" is thus extracapsular extraction at a microsurgical level, in indicated cases associated also with implantation of an intraocular lens. The author analyzes recent aspects of indication for operation, preoperative examination techniques, preoperative preparation of the patient, anaesthesia, the operation proper, correction of aphakia, and postoperative care. In the author's opinion the future of microsurgery of cataract will involve improvement and wider use of phakoemulsification and laser systems as well as new models and materials for artificial lenses. It is no longer an unreal dream to make through a minimal paracentesis a microincision of the capsule, remove the nucleus and mass intracapsularity and replace them by injection of a transparent, artificial gel.
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PMID:[Modern surgery of cataracts]. 233 88

Since the development of ultrasound phacoemulsification more than 25 years ago, cataract surgery has changed dramatically. One of the major changes in cataract surgery has been the research into the use of laser for the removal of cataracts. To date, both ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths have been studied, with the infrared showing more promise. The ultraviolet end of the spectrum has shown promise, but concerns with safety have hindered its progress. An infrared laser device developed by Dodick has been used successfully for the removal of cataracts under an Investigational Device Exemption from the Food and Drug Administration and a second infrared laser developed by Colvard should be approved soon. These developments have brought us a step closer to realizing the dream of laser cataract surgery.
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PMID:Laser therapy in cataract surgery. 1014 44

In the more than 25 years since the development of ultrasound phacoemulsification, enormous change has occurred in cataract surgery. One of the latest and most significant changes in cataract surgery has been the development of devices that utilize laser energy for the removal of cataracts. Both ultraviolet (excimer) and infrared wavelengths have been studied, but in 1994, we have seen significant progress only with the infrared wavelengths. The lack of progress in the devices utilizing ultraviolet wavelengths are due to concerns with safety. Two infrared laser devices, one developed by Dodick and the other developed by Colvard have been used successfully for the removal of cataracts under Investigational Device Exemptions from the Food and Drug Administration. These developments have brought us a step closer to realizing the dream of laser cataract surgery.
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PMID:Laser therapy in cataract surgery. 1015 Aug 38

Posterior-capsule opacification, by far the most common complication of primary cataract surgery, continues to stimulate important work toward understanding its causes, preventing it, and effectively treating it. Of special note here are a report by Koch and Kohnen that a combination of vitrectomy and posterior capsulorhexis is required to inhibit posterior-capsule opacification in pediatric patients; work by Nishi et al. toward the dream of replacing the cataractous lens with a flexible artificial lens, supported by the natural capsular bag; and methods by Tetz et al. and Pande et al. for precise quantification of posterior-capsule opacification.
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PMID:Capsular opacification after cataract surgery. 1038 24

As we near the end of this century, refractive cataract surgery has become a reality through concerted contributions from ultrasonic phacoemulsification, foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation technology and keratorefractive surgery. As we enter the new millennium, our sights are set on realizing another dream: accommodative IOL surgery. Towards achieving this goal, many advances have been made in both techniques and technology of cataract removal. Lasers in particular have been under investigation for cataract removal for nearly two decades. The technology has now reached a stage where cataract can indeed be removed entirely with laser alone. Neodymium:YAG and erbium:YAG are the laser sources currently utilized by manufacturers of laser phaco systems. Initial clinical experience reported in the literature has served to highlight the capabilities of lasers and the need for further refinement. Despite the excitement associated with the availability of this alluring new technology for cataract removal, it is necessary to develop more effective laser systems and innovative surgical techniques that optimize its capabilities if laser phaco surgery is to be a genuine improvement over current techniques.
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PMID:Laser-assisted cataract surgery and other emerging technologies for cataract removal. 1089 75