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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection with Yersinia enterocolitica had been associated with acute appendicitis in approximately six per cent of patients in northern European countries. However, the incidence of Y. enterocolitica in patients with appendicitis in this country is uncertain. Therefore, this study was undertaken to ascertain whether Y. enterocolitica is a possible infectious agent in appendicitis in the southwestern United States. Fifty prospective patients (35 men and 15 women) with an average age of 22.3 years (range 3 to 62 years) underwent appendectomy for presumed appendicitis. Portions of each specimen were cultured for Y. enterocolitica with highly selective media (Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin [CIN] agar). Pathologically, 44 of the patients had appendicitis and 6 patients had normal appendices. Four of the 44 patients (9.1%) with appendicitis were found to be culture positive for Y. enterocolitica, while it was recovered from none of the normal appendices. This indicates that Y. enterocolitica may represent the major pathogen in acute appendicitis in a small, but distinct, portion of indigent patients within Los Angeles County as it does elsewhere in the world.
Am Surg 1991 Dec
PMID:The role of Yersinia enterocolitica in appendicitis in the southwestern United States. 174 91

During the last decade neonatal surgical results have improved considerably. Except for infants born with serious congenital heart disease, diaphragmatic hernia or exomphalos, postoperative mortality rates for infants with single anomalies have fallen to the region of 10%. This dramatic success story has been marred by a corresponding increase in the number of individuals with several anomalies entering late childhood with severe chronic handicaps. During the remainder of this century much effort will be expended in devising programmes of investigation which will attempt to predict which individuals will have a poor long-term prognosis. Such programmes will necessitate very close liaison between obstetricians, radiologists, neonatologists, local paediatricians, paediatric surgeons, general practitioners and parents. Very urgent surgery is necessary for the best results in infants with gastroschisis, intestinal volvulus and irreducible inguinal hernia, but for most other conditions there have been recent trends away from very urgent surgery to operation during daylight hours within the ensuing 24 h. Surgery within a few hours of presentation is necessary for intussusception and for early acute appendicitis, but perforated appendicitis should be treated by aggressive fluid replacement and intravenous antibiotics and surgery should be contemplated only in the rare cases of continued deterioration.
Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol 1991 Dec
PMID:Paediatric emergencies. 176 28

Between 1982 and 1989, 78 children with diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) were referred to this hospital. Most presented with abdominal pain, bloody diarrhoea and vomiting. Seven had severe gastrointestinal involvement, four of whom required resection for bowel perforation or necrosis. One also developed an oesophageal stricture, a previously unreported complication of HUS. These seven children had a high incidence of other complications including hypertension, and cerebral and pancreatic involvement. One died from severe cerebral involvement, one has a residual neurological deficit and one has residual renal impairment. Severe gastrointestinal involvement did not significantly affect the long-term outcome. Simple haematological indices helped predict severe gut involvement. Four of the 78 children had undergone appendicectomy before the diagnosis of HUS was made. The operative findings were in no case typical of primary acute appendicitis, although histological examination did confirm inflammation of the appendix in two patients. Diagnosis is difficult in early disease, but increased awareness may help prevent unnecessary appendicectomy.
Br J Surg 1991 Dec
PMID:Oesophageal and severe gut involvement in the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. 177 28

The reliability of the signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis are reviewed. The wide variation in clinical findings when the different studies are compared can probably be explained by the huge quantity of retrospective studies. Migration of pain to the right iliac fossa and/or guarding/rigidity support the diagnosis of appendicitis. The diagnosis of appendicitis should be doubted when anorexia, nausea and vomiting are absent, when symptoms have persisted for more than 72 h without apparent perforation, or when tenderness in the right iliac fossa is absent. Presentation in proximity to menstruation, cervical dislocation tenderness and bilateral adnexal tenderness indicates pelvic inflammatory disease. Small children have high perforation rates because of their uniform response to many illnesses and relative inability to express themselves and cooperate. The clinical findings in young and old patients are similar, except for a higher rate of abdominal distension in old patients. With a more thorough knowledge of the signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis and a constant awareness of its possible presence, it should be possible to increase the diagnostic accuracy.
J R Coll Surg Edinb 1991 Dec
PMID:Assessment of the reliability of the symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis. 140 57

The pathological records of appendicectomy specimens from patients with suspected acute appendicitis at the University Hospital of the West Indies during the 5-year period 1984-1988 were studied. The numbers of cases, their ages, sex and seasonal incidence were similar to those of other studies. The overall false positive diagnosis rate was 25% (16% in males, 38% in females). The main diagnostic difficulty was in young females in whom surgery for suspected appendicitis often proved unnecessary.
West Indian Med J 1991 Dec
PMID:Appendicectomy at the University Hospital of the West Indies (1984-1988). A retrospective review. 178 94

In cases of clinical suspicion of an acute appendicitis sonography uncovers another disease as the real cause of the symptoms in about one-quarter of such cases. Bacterial ileocaecitis is most frequently diagnosed (11.6% of N = 786). In special bacteriological stool cultures, Yersinia enterocolitica and Campylobacter jejuni were identified, whereas Salmonella enteritidis was a rarer finding. The typical sonographic manifestation of bacterial ileocaecitis compared against Crohn's disease of the ileocaecal region is described. These two diseases can be differentiated against each other by means of sonography; likewise, it is also possible to distinguish them from appendicitis. Since stool cultures--which are not always prepared if diarrhoea is only mild or completely absent--are received relatively late in acute cases, knowledge of the sonographic manifestation of bacterial ileo caecitis can help save many an unnecessary laparotomy.
Ultraschall Med 1991 Dec
PMID:[Bacterial ileocecitis: a "new" disease]. 179 86

Although the primary role of the specialist in internal medicine in treatment of Crohn's disease is generally accepted, frequently the surgeon is the first person to take action. In patients with hitherto not diagnosed Crohn's disease he performs laparotomy because of suspected acute appendicitis or on account of surgical complications, most frequently ileus, which may be a very early manifestation of the disease. In a group of 40 patients with Crohn's disease and treatment ileitis the author gives an account of surgical indications, affections of different portions of the gastrointestinal tract and surgical operations.
Rozhl Chir 1990 Dec
PMID:[Surgical complications in Crohn's disease]. 208 51

A young female who had been investigated for vague abdominal complaints and marked loss of weight was discovered only after laparotomy, carried out for acute appendicitis, to have primary tuberculosis of the vermiform appendix with perforation. The rarity of tuberculosis of the appendix, the types of presentation and the pitfalls of diagnosis are discussed. The literature on appendicular tuberculosis is reviewed.
Br J Clin Pract 1990 Dec
PMID:Tuberculous appendicitis with perforation. 210 63

Gastrointestinal complications of Legionnaires' disease are frequently reported. These include diarrhoea, paralytic ileus, acute appendicitis and jaundice. We would like to report the previously unrecorded and life-threatening complication of acalculous cholecystitis.
Br J Clin Pract 1990 Dec
PMID:Acalculous cholecystitis complicating Legionnaires' disease. 210 46

Perforation of a solitary cecal diverticulum is a rare cause of acute abdomen and an uncommon differential diagnosis for acute appendicitis. Nine hundred cases have been described since Potiers first description in 1912, either localized in the cecum or in the ascending colon. A further case and its course are described.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1990 Dec 11
PMID:[Perforated cecum diverticulum as cause for acute abdomen]. 212 57


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