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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From study of electrogastrograms in 92 patients with acute appendicitis before and in various periods after appendectomy conducted under local or halothane nitrous-oxide-oxygen anesthesia, the authors conclude that electrogastrography may be used in complex with other methods for prognosticating the possibility of the occurrence of postoperative paresis. They point to the preventive significance of general anesthesia in the development of postoperative pareses. Percutaneous electrostimulation had a favourable effect in 12 patients with paresis developing after appendectomy.
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PMID:[The motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract in acute appendicitis]. 270 8

Sickle crises frequently manifest as abdominal pain that may simulate intra-abdominal infection. To establish parameters to distinguish these, we retrospectively studied 53 patients with sickle-cell anemia who had abdominal pain (genotype SS 62%, SC 15%, SA 11%, S-other 11%; 30% men and 70% women; mean age 23). A vaso-occlusive crises was responsible for the pain in 57 per cent; 23 per cent had a surgical entity and 20 per cent had a nonsurgical genitourinary disorder. Of the surgical conditions, 9 of 12 patients (95%) had cholecystitis and 4 of 12 patients (33%) had acute appendicitis (one patient had both). Vaso-occlusive crises were diffuse in 15 of 30 patients (50%), compared with proven surgical conditions, and was more often associated with remote pain such as limbs and chest (23 of 30 [77%] P less than 0.005). The pain of vaso-occlusive crises simulated prior crises in 21 of 30 patients (70%) compared with 1 of 12 patients (8%) who had surgical abdominal pain (P less than 0.005). A precipitating event (especially upper respiratory infection) was found in 50 per cent of abdominal vaso-occlusive crises versus 0 per cent of surgical abdomens (P less than 0.010). The pain was relieved with hydration and oxygen in 97 per cent of sickle crises within 48 hours versus 0 per cent of surgical abdomens (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The presentation and management of the acute abdomen in the patient with sickle-cell anemia. 281 19

The role of oxygen free radicals (OFR) in the pathogenesis of many diseases is known. This experimental study was planned to investigate the role of OFR in acute abdominal inflammation. In this study, 20 adult rabbits were used. They were divided into two groups with 10 rabbits in each. In the study group, blood samples were taken from peripheral and mesenteric veins and then their appendices were ligated; after 24 h, blood samples were taken again and the appendices were resected. The same procedures were carried out in the control group, except for ligation of the appendices. Superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were measured in all blood samples. The activities of catalase and GPX were increased postoperatively in peripheral and mesenteric blood samples in the experimental group. The catalase activity was increased in the control group. These results suggest that OFR increased sufficiently to activate the enzymatic defense system in acute appendicitis.
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PMID:The effect of acute ligation of the rabbit appendix on antioxidant enzymes. 883 86

362 patients with acute appendicitis (AA) were examined. For microbiological diagnosis of aerobic and anaerobic nonclostridial microflora we used complex accelerated methods (including evaluation of gram-negative microorganisms in comparison with tinctorial-fermentative method of differential staining according to oxygen sensitivity of catalasopositive together with aerobic and cathalasonegative anaerobic microorganisms) as well as complete bacteriologic examination with determination of sensitivity of the above microorganism to antimicrobial remedies. High rate of aerobic-anaerobic microbial associations and substantial identity of microflora from appendicis and exudate from abdominal cavity was revealed, which evidenced the leading role of endogenous microorganisms in etiology and pathogenesis of AA and peritonitis i. e. autoinfection. In patients with destructive forms of AA, complicated by peritonitis it is recommended to use the accelerated method of examination of pathologic material as well as the complete scheme of examination with the identification of the isolated microorganisms and the correction of antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:[Anaerobic-aerobic infection in acute appendicitis]. 951 Dec 91

Although the mechanism of acute appendicitis (AA) is partly understood, the progression following the onset of inflammation has not yet been clarified. To determine oxidative activities in the plasma of patients with AA, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in samples from 31 patients diagnosed as having AA and 10 otherwise healthy children with inguinal pathologies. The patients with AA were divided into three subgroups: acute focal (AFA) (n = 8), acute suppurative (ASA) (n = 9), and acute perforated appendicitis (APA) (n = 14), according to the intraoperative findings and histopathologic examination. SOD and MDA were compared statistically between these subgroups and between them and the control group. Additionally, mean leukocyte counts of each group were determined and the differences between the groups were evaluated. Both SOD and MDA were significantly higher in the ASA and APA groups compared to controls and AFA group. The mean leukocyte numbers of the ASA and APA groups were significantly higher compared to the AFA group. Based to these results, it may be speculated that oxygen free radicals (OFR) may play an important role in the extent of AA. To prevent the hazardous effects of OFR, the organism may increase SOD and other antioxidant enzyme levels and/or activities.
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PMID:Plasma superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde level correlate with the extent of acute appendicitis. 1114 93

A 29-year-old man was brought to an emergency department by the United States Coast Guard with chief complaints of severe abdominal pain, right leg paresthesia and weakness following four deep air dives. Physical examination before recompression treatment was remarkable for diffuse abdominal tenderness and right leg weakness. The patient was diagnosed in the emergency room with type II decompression sickness (DCS) and underwent standard recompression therapy. He experienced complete resolution of weakness after hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, but his abdominal pain was persistent. Further investigation led to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis with perforation. The patient underwent appendectomy and intravenous antibiotic therapy and was discharged to his home on hospital day five without complications. This case reinforces the importance of careful clinical assessment of divers and illustrates the potentially wide differential diagnosis of DCS. This is the first reported case of recompression treatment of a diver with acute appendicitis and type II DCS.
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PMID:Diver with acute abdominal pain, right leg paresthesias and weakness: a case report. 1279 65

The level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in patients with different pyo-inflammatory diseases was assessed and it was found to elevate in patients with acute appendicitis in 49% of cases, in patients with chronic relapsing furunculosis (CRF) in 41%, with chronic osteomyelitis--in 66.6%. In 8 out of 16 examined patients with the elevated level of IgE there were antibodies to toxocars in titers 1:800, 1:400. No correlation with the IgE level was found in assessing the level of IL-4 and gamma-IFN in blood serum of patients with CRF. In patients with acute appendicitis, CRF and chronic osteomyelitis the elevated level of IgE can be considered as a marker of unfavorable course of pyo-inflammatory diseases. The elevated level of IgE does not influence the oxygen-dependent mechanisms of bactericidal action of neutrophils.
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PMID:[Assessment of the level of immunoglobulin E in patients with pyo-inflammatory diseases and its influence on the course of the infectious process]. 1924 14

Programmed death of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from donors with acute inflammatory diseases (an acute appendicitis, a community-acquired pneumonia) was investigated under condition of oxidative stress in vitro and under effect of selective inhibitors of MAP-kinases JNK and p38. Levels of active and inactive forms of MAP-kinases, and factors of transcription were determined by immunoblotting (western blot analysis). The increase in the activity of apoptosis under condition of oxidative stress in vivo and during the acute inflammatory diseases is associated with the increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells. The action of inhibitors of MAP-kinases JNK (SP600125) and p38 (ML3403) in vitro under condition of oxidative stress prevents increase in the quantity of annexin-positive mononuclear leucocytes that testifies to involving JNK and p38 MAP-kinases in apoptosis deregulation oxidative mechanisms. The appearance of NF-kappaB in the mononuclear leucocytes under condition of oxidative stress during the acute inflammatory diseases and at the experiment was shown; p53 was registered only under condition of oxidative stress in vitro. The effect of p53 and NF-kappaB results in the increase in the quantity of apoptosis annexin-positive mononuclear leucocytes that testify to inoperativeness of antiapoptotic regulation NF-kappaB.
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PMID:[The role of redox-dependent signal systems in the regulation of apoptosis under oxidative stress condition]. 1950 51

Several scores with predictive value for morbidity or mortality have been published this year. Their current purpose is to improve the direction of admissions and lengths of stay in hospital. Their use permits more directed care, especially for the elderly, and therefore could improve the proper orientation and admission of patients. Also this year, certain procedures are undergoing evaluation, namely: new assays for troponin, and non-contrast CT in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Furthermore in the therapeutic realm: the importance of cardiac massage and the advantages of therapeutic hypothermia in cardiac arrest, and the efficacy of oxygen therapy in cluster headache.
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PMID:[Emergency medicine: update 2010]. 2130 73

An 88-year-old woman was admitted with acute appendicitis. She had been treated with prednisolone and home oxygen therapy for interstitial pneumonia. Her respiratory state on admission was Grade 2 of Hugh-Jones' classification, and plasma KL-6 and SP-D levels were high. Seven days after the admission, appendectomy was performed under spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was initiated by injecting 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.0ml into L3-4 interspace, and achieved block level was up to T4. During the operation, her respiratory state was stable, but after the operation, dry cough, increase of body temperature, and dyspnea were observed. Chest roentgenogram revealed severe ground glass appearance and reticular shadows bilaterally. Steroid therapy for acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia was initiated, but she died on the 13th POD. This case teaches us to take a lot of care in the management of a patient with high plasma level of KL-6 and SP-D.
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PMID:[A case of acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia after appendectomy managed with spinal anesthesia]. 2336 73


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