Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One-hundred consecutive patients undergoing appendicectomy either electively or for clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis were studied to examine the difference between the use of topical povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and ampicillin in the wound given at the time of closure. All patients were treated with metronidazole suppositories for 48 h starting at the time of pre-medication in addition to a topical agent. The overall wound infection rate was 14%. If the appendix was histologically normal or inflamed, the rate fell to 10% whereas if gangrenous or perforated it rose to 24%. Sixty-six per cent of the patients with a perforated appendicitis developed a wound infection. There was no significant difference in the wound infection rate between those treated with PVP-I and those with ampicillin. Topical antisepsis using PVP-I is preferable to ampicillin as it abolishes the risk of antibiotic resistance or allergy developing and since it is comparatively more cost-effective.
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PMID:Systemic metronidazole combined with either topical povidone-iodine or ampicillin in acute appendicitis. 286 Jan 83

The role of prophylactic antibiotics is well established for contaminated wounds, but the use of antiseptic wound wicks is controversial. The aim of this work was to study the potential use of wound wicks to reduce the rate of infection following appendectomy. This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at a university hospital in the department of surgery. The subjects were patients undergoing appendectomy for definite acute appendicitis. They were randomized by computer to primary subcuticular wound closure or use of an antiseptic wound wick. For the latter, ribbon gauze soaked in povidone-iodine was placed between interrupted nylon skin sutures. Wicks were soaked daily and removed on the fourth postoperative day. All patients received antibiotic prophylaxis. They were reviewed while in hospital and 4 weeks following operation for evidence of wound infection. The main outcome measures were wound infection, wound discomfort, and cosmetic result. The overall wound infection rate was 8.6% (15/174). In patients with wound wicks it was 11.6% (10/86) compared to 5.6% (5/88) in those whose wounds were closed by subcuticular sutures (p = NS). We concluded that the use of wound wicks was not associated with decreased wound infection rates following appendectomy. Subcuticular closure is therefore appropriate in view of its greater convenience and safety.
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PMID:Antiseptic wick: does it reduce the incidence of wound infection following appendectomy? 1209 59

The aim was to evaluate effects of voltage, noise input (NI) and iterative reconstruction (IR) on radiation dose and image quality in order to establish a contrast enhanced low-dose protocol for assessment of acute appendicitis. An anthropomorphic abdominal phantom mimicking contrast enhanced abdomen was scanned with 80, 100 and 120 kV, standard and strong IR and 11 NIs (66 protocols). A total of 14 test tubes of increasing iodine dilutions and one tube with an appendicolith were evaluated within the phantom. The dose, HUs, noise, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and figure of merit (FOM) were determined. Visual quality scores were assessed by two readers. A clinically used voltage-IR combination (120 kV, standard IR) was used as a reference. Overall, 100 kV with standard IR (p = 0.002) and 80 kV with both IRs (p < 0.001) showed higher CNR than the reference, but noise was most pronounced at 80 kV (p < 0.001). The highest FOM was found in the 100 kV protocols (p < 0.001). The reference and 100 kV with standard IR had highest image quality scores, where the 100 kV protocol enabled a distinct dose reduction. Lowering the voltage seems to be a more favorable tool than IR changes in optimizing the dose in contrast enhanced abdominal CT.
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PMID:LOW-DOSE CT PROTOCOL OPTIMIZATION FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS: THE OPTICAP PHANTOM STUDY. 2859 24

Pulse granuloma is a rare pathologic condition considered to be a benign inflammatory reaction to foreign materials originated from ingested legume matter. As for pulse granulomas of the gastrointestinal tract, association with diverticular diseases is relatively common, but only a few pulse granuloma cases associated with appendicitis have been reported. This report presents histopathologic findings of pulse granuloma lesions observed in two appendectomy cases, with some histochemical examinations of cellulose matter which is reportedly a major component to provoke pulse granuloma reaction. Our patients in both cases were girls in their teens, and they underwent interval appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Both appendectomy specimens revealed ruptured walls with inflammatory granulation tissue with marked foreign body reaction including characteristic collections of ring-like, curled ribbon-like, and/or lobulated nephrosclerosis-like hyaline structures and various foreign bodies, in which microorganisms or amyloid deposition were not identified. The presence of cellulose matter was suggested by Sirius red stain, the IKI (iodine potassium iodide)-H2SO4 method, and birefringence by polarized light. Appendectomy materials due to acute appendicitis would include pulse granuloma reaction provoked by ingested materials with cellulose. Pathologists should be familiar with the concept and histopathologic features of pulse granulomas to avoid misinterpreting them as vascular lesions and/or amyloid deposition, or any infectious organisms.
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PMID:Pulse Granulomas in Interval Appendectomy Specimens: Histochemical Identification of Cellulose Matter. 3068 61