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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of our study is to emphasize the central role of ultrasound (US) in finding the cause of abdominal pain in children. Ultrasound of the lower abdomen quadrant should be considered in all cases in which the clinical signs and symptoms are not diagnostic of appendicitis. There is a wide range of clinical syndromes and diseases which can easily be diagnosed using a high resolution ultrasound with adjunct of color and power Doppler. The spectrum of abnormalities includes appendicitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, infectious ileocecitis, Crohn's disease, intussusception, ovarian cysts, and encysted cerebrospinal fluid. One of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in children is acute terminal ileitis (infectious ileocecitis) with mesenteric lymphadenitis. Ultrasound is the best tool to rapidly differentiate this disease from acute appendicitis, and prevent unnecessary laparotomy (Ref. 12).
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PMID:Infectious ileocecitis--appendicitis mimicking syndrome. 1620 35

Acute appendicitis is still the first cause of abdominal surgery worldwide, with 1.4 cases/1000 in the general population. As frequent as this is, appendiceal stump appendicitis is a very rare surgical event, due to an incomplete appendix resection and misleading cecum base identification due to cecum edema, abscesses, abnormal anatomy position of the appendix or multiple adhesions. The incidence of appendiceal stump appendicitis is not well known; however, there are some reports that suggest a slight increase in this pathology possibly due to laparoscopic surgical techniques. This report attempts to point out this diagnostic possibility to be considered by the surgeon when presented with a patient with acute abdominal pain and a past appendectomy.
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PMID:[Appendiceal stump appendicitis. Case report]. 1628 64

Acute epiploic appendagitis most commonly manifests with acute lower quadrant pain. Its clinical features are similar to those of acute diverticulitis or, less commonly, acute appendicitis. The conditions that may mimic acute epiploic appendagitis at computed tomography (CT) include acute omental infarction, mesenteric panniculitis, fat-containing tumor, and primary and secondary acute inflammatory processes in the large bowel (eg, diverticulitis and appendicitis). Whereas the location of acute epiploic appendagitis is most commonly adjacent to the sigmoid colon, acute omental infarction is typically located in the right lower quadrant and often is mistaken for acute appendicitis. It is important to correctly diagnose acute epiploic appendagitis and acute omental infarction on CT images because these conditions may be mistaken for acute abdomen, and the mistake may lead to unnecessary surgery. The CT features of acute epiploic appendagitis include an oval lesion 1.5-3.5 cm in diameter, with attenuation similar to that of fat and with surrounding inflammatory changes, that abuts the anterior sigmoid colon wall. The CT features of acute omental infarction include a well-circumscribed triangular or oval heterogeneous fatty mass with a whorled pattern of concentric linear fat stranding between the anterior abdominal wall and the transverse or ascending colon. As CT increasingly is used for the evaluation of acute abdomen, radiologists are likely to see acute epiploic appendagitis and its mimics more often. Recognition of these conditions on CT images will allow appropriate management of acute abdominal pain and may help to prevent unnecessary surgery.
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PMID:Acute epiploic appendagitis and its mimics. 1628 32

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography (CT) without administration of oral contrast in confirming suspected acute appendicitis. One hundred seventy-three patient studies were retrieved by a computer-generated search for the word "appendicitis" in radiology reports. Patients presenting to the emergency department over an 8-month period were examined for acute abdominal pain or suspected acute appendicitis. IV-contrast-enhanced CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained without oral or rectal contrast. Criteria for diagnosis of acute appendicitis included a dilated appendix (>6 mm), periappendiceal inflammation, or abscess. Final diagnoses were established with surgical/clinical follow-up, histopathological analysis or both. The standard time (1 h) for the administration of oral contrast prior to the CT scan was eliminated. Fifty-nine CT diagnoses were made of acute appendicitis, 56 of which were histologically verified and three of which resulted in another diagnosis. One hundred fourteen CT diagnoses were negative for appendicitis. This corresponds to a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97%, a positive predictive value of 95%, and a negative predictive value of 100%. CT with IV contrast is sensitive and specific for the confirmation or exclusion of acute appendicitis. By eliminating the time required to administer oral contrast, the diagnosis might be made more rapidly.
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PMID:Rapid CT diagnosis of acute appendicitis with IV contrast material. 1636 12

Acute abdominal pain with signs and symptoms of peritonitis due to sudden extravasation of chyle into the peritoneal cavity is a rare condition that is often mistaken for other disease processes. The diagnosis is rarely suspected preoperatively. We report a case of spontaneous chylous peritonitis that presented with typical symptoms of acute appendicitis such as intermittent fever and epigastric pain radiating to the lower right abdominal quadrant before admission.
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PMID:Spontaneous chylous peritonitis mimicking acute appendicitis: a case report and review of literature. 1644 Apr 38

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute abdominal pain in childhood. Appendicitis is rare during the first two years of life and uncommon before the age of five years. The rarity, coupled with the preschool inability to cooperate in history and physical examination, explain why more than 90% of children under five years of age with appendicitis are already complicated by the laparatomy is undertaken. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prediction of the marks left by appendicitis.
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PMID:[The child with suspect acute appendicitis in emergency care]. 1691 Apr 51

Emergency laparoscopic surgery allows both the evaluation of acute abdominal pain and the treatment of many common acute abdominal disorders. This review critically evaluates the current evidence base for the use of laparoscopy, both diagnostic and interventional, in the emergency abdomen, and provides guidance for surgeons as to current best practise. Laparoscopic surgery is firmly established as the best intervention in acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis and most gynaecological emergencies but requires further randomised controlled trials to definitively establish its role in other conditions.
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PMID:Emergency laparoscopy--current best practice. 1694 24

We report on a six-year prospective study to determine the presentation and outcome of acute abdominal TB at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Between January 1998 and December 2003, material for biopsy including resected bowel was taken from all cases of acute abdomen, which at laparotomy were suspected as one or other form of abdominal TB. TB-positive cases were then retrospectively analysed for clinical presentation and outcome of surgical treatment. There were 96 histologically proven cases of abdominal TB, 60 in women and 36 in men. Seventy patients (72.9%) were admitted as acute intestinal obstruction with acute abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, distension and fluid levels on abdominal X-ray. Twenty-two (22.9%) patients were admitted as acute diffused peritonitis - with generalized abdominal tenderness, guarding and rebound - and four (4.2%) as acute appendicitis. There were 74 emergency bowel resections (77% resection rate) for 34 ileocaecal masses, 16 strictures, 10 perforations and 14 adhesions, with a mortality of 4.2%. Previous series from our subregion have reported similar emergency resection mortality rates for other abdominal conditions. All the patients received postoperative anti-TB therapy. This paper notes that acute intestinal obstruction is the most common acute presentation of abdominal TB in our environment. The results of emergency resection compare favourably with resection for other acute abdominal conditions.
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PMID:Case series of acute presentation of abdominal TB in Ghana. 1703 7

Solitary diverticulum of the cecum is a benign condition uncommon in the Western world, and with a higher incidence in Asian population. They are usually asymptomatic, and manifest clinically only with complications such as inflammation, perforation, or bleeding. They are a rare cause of acute abdominal pain, clinically similar to acute appendicitis, with tenderness in the right lower quadrant, fever, and leukocytosis. In spite of the information provided by ultrasonography or CT scans, a correct preoperative diagnosis is still difficult to reach, and is usually arrived at in the operating theater; differentiation from a neoplasm may be also sometimes complicated, and a wide surgical resection is usually required for such cases. We report on 5 cases of inflammation and perforation of a solitary cecal diverticulum, and perform a literature review.
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PMID:Inflammation and perforation of a solitary diverticulum of the cecum. A report of 5 cases and literature review. 1719 78

The torsion of greater omentum is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain. After relating a case of torsion of the great omentum we review the literature. Its etiology is uncertain, although several factors have been underlined. The symptoms mimic surgical illness acute appendicitis, cholecystis, or diverticulitis. Sometimes ultrasonography and computed tomography can establish the diagnosis safely and allow conservative management. In the other ways, laparoscopy is a great help for the diagnosis and the treatment.
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PMID:Primary torsion of the greater omentum: case report--review of literature: diagnosis cannot always be performed before surgery. 1731 58


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