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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rebound tenderness is generally practiced in the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain. It is a test that inflicts much discomfort to the patient. Literature data derived from reports assessing the reliability of the diagnosis of acute appendicitis indicate a sensitivity of 0.78-0.91 (pooled: 0.91) and a specificity of 0.48-0.60 (pooled: 0.60) of rebound tenderness. It would appear that rebound tenderness is a test of little specificity (leading to many false positive results) and that it has very little additional value, particularly in the presence of local tenderness and/or rigidity in patients with acute abdominal pain.
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PMID:[Pysical examination--rebound tenderness]. 1036 23

The presentation of acute abdominal pain in young women is not an unusual occurrence in casualty and gynaecology departments. Both acute appendicitis and ectopic pregnancy have to be considered and investigated, as these two conditions are accepted as the most common surgical causes of an acute abdomen. Difficulties in correctly identifying the cause of the pain can be hazardous to the patient and care needs to be taken in obtaining a prompt and accurate diagnosis enabling the most appropriate management. The case report presented here describes the extremely unusual occurrence of both these acute conditions happening simultaneously with the added complication of an ongoing twin pregnancy and it highlights the need to look beyond the most obvious diagnosis and always to expect the unexpected.
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PMID:Simultaneous rupturing heterotopic pregnancy and acute appendicitis in an in-vitro fertilization twin pregnancy. 1022 26

The "Great Mimicker," acute appendicitis, has finally found its match with the advent of rapid unenhanced computed tomography (RUCT). With little, if any, operator dependence, RUCT can be performed easily at any facility that has CT capabilities. With only minimal interpreter dependence, the examination is highly accurate in determining which patients with acute abdominal pain require further treatment and expenditure of resources. In this article we describe our experience, since devising the technique in 1991, with over 7,000 RUCT scans done on patients with acute abdominal pain, predominantly in the right lower quadrant. We show how RUCT is extremely useful and accurate, not only in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but in many other disease entities that mimic the "Great Mimicker."
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PMID:Unenhanced CT in the evaluation of the acute abdomen: the community hospital experience. 1022 15

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most frequent causes of admission to an emergency department of a children's hospital. It continues to be a clinical challenge and the diagnosis viewed with the most apprehension is acute appendicitis. The clinical examination must be meticulous and repeated in order to assess the evolution of the abdominal syndrome and to adapt the paraclinic examinations. All the abdominal pains are not surgical but justify an admission for observation in pediatric surgical department.
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PMID:[Surgical management of acute abdominal pain in children]. 1064 38

CT, especially helical CT, provides a fast and reliable modality for evaluation of the patient presenting with acute abdominal pain. Helical CT can provide an accurate diagnosis in the majority of patients and has found great utility in the evaluation of acute gastrointestinal emergencies, including acute appendicitis, diverticulitis, and small bowel obstruction. This article reviews proper helical CT technique, diagnostic imaging findings, and pitfalls of interpretation in evaluation of these acute abdominal disorders.
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PMID:Targeted helical CT of the acute abdomen: appendicitis, diverticulitis, and small bowel obstruction. 1068 65

Acute colonic diverticulitis typically occurs in patients older than 60 years of age but is uncommon in patients under the age of 40, which may lead to a delay in diagnosis. Because abdominal pain is a very common presenting symptom in emergency department patients, we retrospectively analyzed the cases of 21 patients 40 years of age and younger diagnosed with acute diverticulitis and characterized the presenting signs and symptoms, laboratory and radiographic findings, treatment, and outcome. There were 17 men and 4 women with a mean age of 34.1 +/-5.9 years. All patients had abdominal pain, with 14 (67%) patients noting pain in the left lower quadrant (LLQ) and 5 (24%) patients noting right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain. Nausea was present in 18 (86%) patients and fever in 15 (71%) patients. The mean pulse rate was 103 +/- 16 and the mean temperature was 100.7 +/- 1.4 F. Leukocytosis was present in 19 (90%) patients. Plain abdominal radiographs were obtained in 19 (91%) patients and were normal in 15 (79%) of these cases. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained in 15 (71%) patients which revealed findings consistent with acute diverticulitis in 14 (93%) patients. The admitting diagnosis was diverticulitis in 10 of the 12 patients with LLQ tenderness and appendicitis in 4 of the 6 patients with RLQ tenderness. Overall, six patients were taken to surgery: three patients had cecal diverticulitis and three patients had perforated colonic diverticulitis. General treatment measures included bowel rest in 18 (86%) patients, and intravenous fluids and antibiotics in all patients. All patients survived. In conclusion, acute diverticulitis is uncommon in patients under 40 years of age; however, this condition may be confused with other conditions, usually acute appendicitis. As a result, clinicians should consider acute diverticulitis in young patients with acute abdominal pain, especially if they are male with nausea, fever, tachycardia, and leukocytosis, and consider obtaining a CT scan to aid in the diagnosis.
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PMID:Acute diverticulitis in patients 40 years of age and younger. 1075 Sep 16

In a 12-month prospective study 370 patients with acute abdominal pain were admitted to a single surgical unit of a large teaching hospital. The most common diagnoses were appendicitis (23.5 percent), Non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP) (21.4 percent), acute intestinal obstruction (10.8 percent), gynaecological causes (9.5 percent, and peptic ulcer (9.2 percent). Emergency operations were performed in 146 patients (39.5 percent). Appendicectomy was the commonest operation (77 cases or 52.7 percent) and there was a high incidence of complicated appendicitis (41.6 percent). Eleven patients (3.0 percent) died within 30 days of admission (8 postoperative and 3 non-operative deaths). The clinical spectrum of the acute abdomen in this study shows that surgeons in developing countries are not facing surgical challenges similar to those of their counterparts in developed countries and the most important diagnostic distinction surgeons in both localities have to make is that between acute appendicitis and non-specific abdominal pain.
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PMID:Clinical spectrum of acute abdominal pain in Accra, Ghana. 1087 24

Primary omental torsion is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain. A case of omental torsion in a 49-year-old woman who presented with clinical features consistent with acute appendicitis is discussed with a review of the literature.
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PMID:Primary torsion of the greater omentum. 1091 67

Situs inversus totalis is an uncommon anatomic anomaly that complicates diagnosis and management of acute abdominal pain. Expedient diagnosis of common intraperitoneal disease processes such as biliary colic, acute appendicitis and diverticulitis is often delayed as a result of seemingly incongruous physical findings. We present the case of a young woman with prior emergency room visits for complaints of a vague left upper quadrant abdominal pain. An ultrasound performed on her third presentation revealed visceral situs inversus with cholelithiasis and dilated intra- and extrahepatic biliary ducts. Standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy and cholangiography with a mirror-image surgical approach was performed successfully and without complication.
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PMID:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and appendectomy in situs inversus totalis. 1098 5

Primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) is a rare benign self-limiting inflammatory process of the colonic epiploic appendices. Patients present with acute abdominal pain, often misdiagnosed clinically as acute appendicitis or diverticulitis. Computed tomography (CT) scan findings of this condition are characteristic and can confidently suggest the diagnosis avoiding unnecessary barium enemas and colonoscopy, biopsy, or surgery.
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PMID:Primary epiploic appendagitis: a report of two cases. 1127 84


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