Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of enteric bacteria in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis is a controversial subject. Campylobacter jejuni has been previously demonstrated in a minority of cases of acute appendicitis using microbiological or immunohistochemical methods, notably in cases where inflammation was limited to the mucosa/submucosa. Our goal was to evaluate cases of acute appendicitis for C. jejuni DNA using molecular methods, and to compare our findings to the histologic features. In total, 50 archival cases of acute appendicitis were selected, and PCR was performed using primers targeting a 286-bp fragment of the mapA gene specific to C. jejuni. Twenty histologically unremarkable appendectomy specimens served as negative controls. Cases were reviewed with attention to particular histological features including mucosal ulceration, cryptitis, depth of inflammatory infiltrate, and the presence of mural necrosis. Of acute appendicitis cases, 22% (11/50) were positive for C. jejuni DNA by PCR analysis. Control cases were negative for C. jejuni DNA. All patients presented with signs and symptoms typical of acute appendicitis. Of the C. jejuni positive cases, only 27% contained acute inflammation limited to the mucosa/submucosa, whereas the remainder had mural or transmural inflammation; therefore, the histological features of C. jejuni-positive acute appendicitis cases were indistinguishable from C. jejuni-negative cases. In summary, C. jejuni DNA was detected in a significant percentage (22%) of acute appendicitis cases, a much higher percentage than previous studies using other methodologies. As C. jejuni is an enteric pathogen that does not exist as a commensal or nonpathogenic organism, the presence of C. jejuni DNA implies current or recent infection. Further study is needed to determine whether the presence of C. jejuni DNA in acute appendicitis indicates appendiceal involvement by C. jejuni enteritis, or if there is a true causative role for C. jejuni in acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Molecular detection of Campylobacter jejuni in archival cases of acute appendicitis. 1671 71

Granulomatous appendicitis is uncommon. It can be caused by infectious or systemic disorders, such as Crohn's disease (CD) and sarcoidosis. It is therefore essential to investigate systematic causes of granulomatous appendicitis after surgery by appropriate examinations. It is also rare for acute appendiceal inflammation to develop due to active CD. We herein report a case of CD presenting as granulomatous appendicitis. The patient was a 28-year-old man who arrived at the emergency room with right lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a low-density lesion with a clear boundary and a small high-density spot in its center behind the cecum. Acute appendicitis with abscess formation was suspected and conservative treatment was started. After 3 consecutive days of conservative treatment there was no improvement in his condition. We therefore performed open appendectomy. Histopathological examination showed numerous noncaseous epithelioid granulomas in the wall of the appendix. Specific staining revealed no evidence of acid-fast bacilli or fungi. During follow-up after discharge, colonoscopy demonstrated erosion from the cecum to the transverse colon. A colon biopsy showed severe inflammation with cryptitis, Paneth cells, and a granulomatous lesion. The patient was therefore diagnosed with CD and treatment with mesalazine was started. Careful examination is necessary to diagnose and properly treat patients with granulomatous inflammation of the appendix.
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PMID:Crohn's Disease Presenting as Granulomatous Appendicitis. 3161 34