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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most of the cases of Crohn's disease reported in Japan were originally treated surgically as acute appendicitis and, after appendectomy, they were diagnosed as acute terminal ileitis or acute Crohn's disease, which should belong to a category different from typical Crohn's disease, according to the international nomenclature by the Council for International Organization of Medical Sciences in 1973. Reviewing our university hospital records from 1954 to 1974, the incidence of typical Crohn's disease and idiopathic proctocolitis has been increasing, while the patients with intestinal tuberculosis have been decreasing. Clinical and histopathological features of operated three groups of our patients with Crohn's disease of the small intestine, non-specific ulcers of the small intestine and prestomal ileitis were comparatively studied. Furthermore, 9 cases of operated Crohn's disease of the colon and 23 cases of operated idiopathic proctocolitis were similarly evaluated. The importance of diagnosing Crohn's disease as a whole from both clinical and histopathological stand points of view was emphasized, and main differential diagnostic criteria between Crohn's disease and idiopathic proctocolitis were discussed.
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PMID:Crohn's disease, non-specific ulcers of the small intestine, and idiopathic proctocolitis in a Japanese university hospital from 1954 to 1974. 96 37

Tuberculosis of the appendix remains a rarity despite the frequency of intestinal tuberculosis. We report a case of acute appendicitis that underwent appendectomy at our hospital, and the histopathology of the specimen revealed tuberculosis.
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PMID:Tubercular appendicitis--a case report. 1687 81

Ultrasonography has become widely accepted as a diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal diseases. It not only assesses the lumen but more importantly also the wall and the surrounding structures of the stomach and bowel. Furthermore, functional processes (peristalsis, blood flow) can be visualised and provide important information for passage and perfusion. Modern high resolution (compressive) sonography represents an ideal complementary method besides endoscopy for the gastroenterologist. It is used in emergency diagnosis in cases of acute appendicitis and peridiverticulitis. Here sonography is the method of first choice achieving a high sensitivity. The same applies to ileus, which can be diagnosed significantly earlier by sonography than with conventional X-ray methods. Meanwhile sonography can contribute considerable information to clarify pathogenesis (e. g., invagination, intususception). The detection of a perforation depends strongly on the competence of the examiner. The main advantage is the detection of a covered perforation and the genesis (e. g., ulcer). Ultrasound is less commonly considered in celiac sprue but important complementary information can be obtained. Advanced tumours of the gastrointestinal tract can easily be visualised, although early stages can hardly be detected by means of sonography. An accurate T-staging of tumours is not possible with transabdominal sonography, not least because some parts of the bowel (colon and rectum) cannot always and completely be seen. Exclusion of tumour or early detection is not possible by ultrasound. In intestinal diseases additional information besides clinical and endoscopic aspects can be achieved by ultrasound. Sonography is important for differential diagnosis and follow-up and spares the patient from more incriminatory endoscopic operations. Ultrasound is equal to other imaging methods in detecting complications (fistulas, abscess, stenosis). Due to the complexity of the topic the following review will concentrate on giving an idea of the present status of sonography in chronic inflammatory bowel disease, some less frequent intestinal infections (bacterial, pseudomembranous, neutropenic colitis, intestinal tuberculosis), the ischaemic bowel diseases as well as diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:[Current status of ultrasound in gastroenterology--bowel and upper gastrointestinal tract--part 1]. 1759 90

Intestinal hemorrhage, perforation, obstruction, and fistula formation are the common complications associated with intestinal tuberculosis. However, these complications usually occur in active stage of intestinal tuberculosis. A 45-year-old man was diagnosed as intestinal tuberculosis and received anti-tuberculosis medications for 9 months. After the end of treatment, intestinal lesion was cured. However a deformed appendiceal orifice due to hypertrophic sear resulting in symptomatic appendicitis was noted. We report a case of acute appendicitis due to intestinal stricture after the successful treatment of intestinal tuberculosis.
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PMID:[A case of acute appendicitis due to intestinal stricture after intestinal tuberculosis treatment]. 1815 94

Ultrasound has gained acceptance in the diagnosis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract beside the classical methods such as endoscopy and X-ray. In a previous publication we discussed the use of ultrasound in emergency diagnostics (e. g., acute appendicitis, diverticulitis/peridiverticulitis, ileus, invagination and perforation) (part 1). Because of the vast extent of this topic, in this overview we will focus on the current role of ultrasound in the detection and assessment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, rare forms of colitis (e. g., bacterial, pseudomembranous and neutropenic colitis as well as intestinal tuberculosis), ischaemic bowel diseases as well as diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, ultrasound can give important additional information such as extension, activity, complication (fistula, abscess, stenosis) and in differential diagnosis. It plays an important role in follow-up investigations and can possibly reduce the number of endoscopic examinations. There is still some debate going on about the significance of colour Doppler ultrasound in assessing the activity and differentiation of stenosis. Furthermore, ultrasound is used as a method to guide interventional therapies for abscesses (puncture and drainage). Colour Doppler ultrasound can diagnose ischaemic bowel diseases and also differentiate these from other aetiologies. Ultrasound plays a greater role in the follow-up and assessment of chronic intestinal ischaemia. In the diagnosis of stomach diseases under favourable conditions ultrasound can show changes of the stomach wall, tumours, ulcers and their complication (perforation, penetration) and disturbances of the motility. But an exclusion is not possible.
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PMID:[Current status of ultrasound in gastroenterology--bowel and upper gastrointestinal tract--part 2]. 1839 55

Bowel ultrasound is cheap, relatively quick, allows dynamic evaluation of the bowel, has no radiation burden, is well tolerated by patients, and allows repeat imaging. Bowel ultrasound requires a systematic assessment of the entire bowel using high-frequency probes. In addition, hydrosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be performed. We present the normal sonographic appearances of large and small bowel and the sonographic appearances of acute appendicitis, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, intussusception, infectious enteritis, intestinal tuberculosis, small bowel ileus and obstruction, small bowel ischemia, and malignant tumors.
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PMID:Current Role of Ultrasound in Small Bowel Imaging. 2734 94

Double localization of tuberculosis is a rare finding among immunocompetent patients. Intestinal tuberculosis is a rare condition and its diagnosis remains a challenge to the physician. We present the case of a 21 year old male patient with intestinal tuberculosis in which the first manifestation was an acute appendicitis. Ultrasound findings were an abscessed appendicular mass. The surgical intervention found a granulomatous aspect of the peritoneum and total necrosis of the appendix. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis and the pulmonary radiography detected the concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:Tuberculous appendicitis. A case report. 2884 3

The use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) by non-radiologists has dramatically increased. POCUS is completely different from the routine radiological studies. POCUS is a Physiological, On spot, extension of the Clinical examination, that is Unique, and Safe. This review aims to lay the basic principles of using POCUS in diagnosing intestinal pathologies so as to encourage acute care physicians to learn and master this important tool. It will be a useful primer for clinicians who want to introduce POCUS into their clinical practice. It will cover the basic physics, technical aspects, and simple applications including detection of free fluid, free intraperitoneal air, and bowel obstruction followed by specific POCUS findings of the most common intestinal pathologies encountered by acute care physicians including acute appendicitis, epiploic appendagitis, acute diverticulitis, pseudomembranous colitis, intestinal tuberculosis, Crohn's disease, and colonic tumours. Deep understanding of the basic physics of ultrasound and its artefacts is the first step in mastering POCUS. This helps reaching an accurate POCUS diagnosis and avoiding its pitfalls. With increased skills, detailed and accurate POCUS findings of specific intestinal pathologies can be achieved and properly correlated with the clinical picture. We have personally experienced and enjoyed this approach to a stage that an ultrasound machine is always accompanying us in our clinical on calls and rounds.
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PMID:Diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for gastrointestinal pathology: state of the art from basics to advanced. 3035 8

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical condition encountered in the pediatric age group but the clinical presentation could be misleading. This highlights the importance of exploratory laparotomy even in the absence of systemic manifestations in order not to miss a serious underlying pathology such as intestinal tuberculosis.
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PMID:Tuberculous colon perforation mimicking acute appendicitis: A case report and review of the literature. 3045 12