Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most significant complication of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in women is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is responsible for considerable medical, social, and economic problems. Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or both cause PID in at least 50% of cases. Other microorganisms that are part of the abnormal vaginal flora also cause PID. Gonorrhea rates have quickly fallen in most developed countries, but chlamydia infection rates are still high in developed countries as well as in developing countries. The clinical signs and symptoms of PID have changed over time. More and more PID cases are classified as atypical or subclinical. Typical PID is rare. A strong association exists between chlamydia infection and tubal factor infertility or ectopic pregnancy in women with or without a history of PID. Health providers are concerned about the problem of unrecognized PID. Thus, recommendations for PID diagnosis have changed. A syndromic diagnosis of PID is advocated. The minimum criteria for syndromic diagnosis of PID include lower abdominal tenderness, bilateral adnexal tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, and no evidence of competing diagnosis (e.g., acute appendicitis). Application of this improved approach will provide appropriate treatment earlier in the course of PID. PID-related morbidity (i.e., infertility and ectopic pregnancy) is a considerable public health problem worldwide. In order to prevent PID, clinicians and public health specialists need to understand the interactions of PID-causing microorganisms with the host immune system. By the time PID symptoms are detected, considerable tubal damage already exists limiting the effect of tertiary prevention of PID. Secondary prevention keeps lower genital tract infection from moving up to the upper genital tract. Health providers play a key role in secondary prevention by screening for STDs and in primary prevention by counseling patients about safer sex practices.
 ...
PMID:Immunopathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility -- what do we know and what shall we do? 1234 74

Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare cause of abdominal pain that may mimic a surgical abdomen. The differential diagnosis of OVT includes acute appendicitis, endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, pyelonephritis, nephrolithiasis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and ovarian torsion. The complications of OVT, including sepsis and pulmonary embolism, are significant. Diagnosis relies on a careful examination of the radiographic findings. This diagnosis should be considered not only in postpartum patients but also in women with pelvic inflammatory disease, recent abdominal surgery, malignancy, or known hypercoagulable state. In this report we present a case of OVT in a 29-year-old woman presenting with 3 days of sharp left-sided abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting after bilateral salpingectomy. We then discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical management of OVT.
 ...
PMID:Ovarian vein thrombosis: a rare cause of abdominal pain outside the peripartum period. 1819 26

Determining the cause of acute pelvic pain in the female patient is often a clinical challenge. Diagnostic imaging can be invaluable in this situation. Ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic conditions presenting with acute pelvic pain. Ovarian torsion and degenerating fibroids occur less frequently. Other causes to consider include endometriosis, and postpartum causes such as endometritis, or ovarian vein thrombosis. Finally, nongynecologic conditions may overlap in their presentation of acute pelvic pain and should also be considered. The most important of these is acute appendicitis.
 ...
PMID:Imaging of acute pelvic pain. 2208 69

Determining the cause of acute pelvic pain in the female patient is often a clinical challenge. Diagnostic imaging can be invaluable in this situation. Ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic conditions presenting with acute pelvic pain. Ovarian torsion and degenerating fibroids occur less frequently. Other causes to consider include endometriosis, and postpartum causes such as endometritis, or ovarian vein thrombosis. Finally, nongynecologic conditions may overlap in their presentation of acute pelvic pain and should also be considered. The most important of these is acute appendicitis.
 ...
PMID:Imaging of acute pelvic pain. 1917 58

Lower abdominal pain of acute onset in young women with a negative pregnancy test is a frequent reason for referral to the general surgical team and the differential diagnoses include acute appendicitis, complicated ovarian cysts and pelvic inflammatory disease. Intestinal and mesenteric cystic disease is a rare entity and less than half of cases present acutely. We present a case of a 25-year-old woman who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for acute lower abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a ruptured, infected mesenteric cyst.
 ...
PMID:A ruptured infected mesenteric cyst diagnosed on laparoscopy for suspected appendicitis. 2471 57

Perforation of gastrointestinal (GI) tract by ingested bone fragments, toothpicks and dentures is rare but remains an important life-threatening condition, and the outcomes are poorer when the diagnosis is delayed. Invariably, clinical and radiographic diagnosis is difficult as most patients will have no recollection of ingesting a foreign body, whereas these subtle objects are often not visible on radiographs. In search for the diagnosis, CT is the modality of choice, but ultrasound imaging may be first requested in patients presenting with symptoms of acute appendicitis, cholecystitis, pyelonephritis or pelvic inflammatory disease when an ingested foreign body is not considered. Although ultrasound has limited value in depicting a foreign body, it can frequently uncover secondary signs of perforation. However, the rarity of this condition combined with non-specific clinical presentation and the propensity of these small perforating objects to be subtle makes establishing the correct diagnosis by the radiologist challenging. Therefore, understanding of the appearances of GI perforation seen on CT images or general abdominal ultrasound will aid the radiologist in the diagnosis of this important yet often unsuspected condition. This will lead to earlier diagnosis and surgical management. In this article, we illustrate the spectrum of CT, radiographic and ultrasound imaging features seen in GI perforation caused by swallowed bone fragments, toothpicks, cocktail sticks and dentures.
...
PMID:Perforation of gastrointestinal tract by poorly conspicuous ingested foreign bodies: radiological diagnosis. 2582 10

Acute pelvic pain is defined as lower abdominal or pelvic pain of less than three months' duration. It is a common presentation in primary care. Evaluation can be challenging because of a broad differential diagnosis and because many associated signs and symptoms are nonspecific. The most common diagnoses in reproductive-aged women with acute pelvic pain are idiopathic pelvic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease, acute appendicitis, ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy, and endometriosis. Among postmenopausal women, cancer must be considered. Findings from the history and physical examination can point to likely diagnoses, and laboratory testing and imaging can help confirm. Women of reproductive age should take a pregnancy test. In early pregnancy, transvaginal ultrasonography and beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels can help identify ectopic pregnancy and spontaneous abortion. For nonpregnant women, ultrasonography or computed tomography is indicated, depending on the possible diagnosis (e.g., ultrasonography is preferred when ovarian pathology is suspected). If ultrasonography results are nondiagnostic, magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in pregnant women when acute appendicitis is suspected. If magnetic resonance imaging is unavailable, computed tomography may be indicated.
...
PMID:Common Questions About the Evaluation of Acute Pelvic Pain. 2676 Aug 39

The objective of this literature review is to update the recommendations for clinical practice about the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), microbiologic diagnosis excluded. An adnexal pain or cervical motion tenderness are the signs that allow a positive diagnosis of PID (LE2). Associated signs (fever, leucorrhoea, metrorrhagia) reinforce clinical diagnosis (LE2). In a woman consulting for symptoms compatible with PID, a pelvic clinical examination is recommended (grade B). In cases of suspected PID, hyperleukocytosis associated with a high C-reactive protein suggests a complicated PID or a differential diagnosis such as acute appendicitis (LE3). The absence of hyperleukocytosis or normal CRP does not rule out the diagnosis of PID (LE1). When PID is suspected, a blood test with a blood count and a CRP test is recommended (grade C). Pelvic ultrasound scan does not contribute to the positive diagnosis of uncomplicated PID because it is insensitive and unspecific (LE3). However, ultrasound scan is recommended to look for signs of complicated PID (polymorphic collection) or differential diagnosis (grade C). Waiting for an ultrasound scan to be performed should not delay the start-up of antibiotic therapy. In case of diagnostic uncertainty, an abdominal-pelvic CT scan with contrast injection is useful for differential diagnosis of urinary, digestive or gynaecological origin (LE2). Laparoscopy is not recommended for the unique purpose of the positive diagnosis of PID (grade B).
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease: Clinical, paraclinical, imaging and laparoscopy criteria. CNGOF and SPILF Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases Guidelines]. 3087 87


<< Previous 1 2 3