Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical picture and differential diagnosis of Yersinia arthritis are shown by means of three own observations. It is an acute oligoarthritis affecting especially knee- and ankle-joints. The involved joints are very painful, swollen and warm. There may be a history of enteritis or suspicion of acute appendicitis because of lower abdominal pain, but this is not obligatory. The laboratory parameters of inflammation (ESR, C-reactive protein, white blood count, serumproteinelectrophoresis) are changed significantly. Diagnosis is made by serum agglutination reaction (Widal-reaction) against ceesurface antigens (O-antigens) of Yersinia enterocolitica. Almost only people with the HL-A antigen B27 tend to get arthritis during Yersinia infection. The differential diagnosis has to consider reactive arthritis during Salmonella or Shigella infections, acute sarcoidosis, Reiter's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:[Yersinia arthritis (author's transl)]. 52 13

Inducible cell adhesion molecule 110 (INCAM-110), is a 110-kd adhesion receptor for lymphocytes and monocytes identified on cytokine-activated endothelium. Using immunoperoxidase techniques, little or no INCAM-110 was detected on endothelium in normal human tissues. In contrast, INCAM-110 was expressed in postcapillary venules in a variety of active inflammatory processes. In acute appendicitis, INCAM-110 was found coincident with strong expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1), a cytokine-inducible molecule that functions in neutrophil adhesion. However, in certain chronic inflammatory processes (eg, sarcoidosis), INCAM-110 was observed without simultaneous ELAM-1 expression. Anti-INCAM-110 antibody E1/6 also marked several extravascular cell types, including lymphoid dendritic cells, some tissue macrophages, synovial lining cells, and reactive mesothelial cells. These data suggest a role for endothelial INCAM-110 in the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. Furthermore INCAM-110 may function as an adhesion molecule for mononuclear leukocytes in a variety of extravascular sites.
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PMID:Vascular and nonvascular expression of INCAM-110. A target for mononuclear leukocyte adhesion in normal and inflamed human tissues. 170 91

Sarcoidosis with involvement of the vermiform appendix is a rare clinical occurrence. We describe a young woman with sarcoidosis whose initial manifestations suggested acute appendicitis. Histologic examination of the appendix showed noncaseating epithelioid granulomas without acute inflammatory changes.
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PMID:Sarcoidosis with involvement of the appendix. 687 Apr 42

Autoantibodies specific to the cytoplasmic components of neutrophils and monocytes are associated with vasculitis and other idiopathic inflammatory disorders. In this study, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assays, sera from patients with acute and chronic infection were examined for the presence of anti-neutrophil and anti-monocyte antibodies: cystic fibrosis (n = 23), acute appendicitis (n = 22), tuberculosis (n = 26), acute gastroenteritis (n = 38), bronchiectasis (n = 9) and chronic granulomatous disease (n = 6). Sera from patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 14), rheumatoid factor positive (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 20) were used as positive and negative controls. In patients with chronic infection, using an ELISA assay, antibodies reactive with neutrophil or monocyte components (% reacting with monocyte components in parenthesis) were found in: 70% (39%) of patients with cystic fibrosis, 4% (38%) of patients with tuberculosis, 0% (33%) of patients with bronchiectasis and 0% (17%) of patients with chronic granulomatous disease. When these sera were examined using an immunofluorescence assay, all of the positive samples were found to react with the cytoplasmic component of neutrophils or monocytes. In patients with acute infection no antibodies (either IgG or IgM) were detected against neutrophils or monocytes. These findings imply that antibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic components are predominantly associated with chronic pyogenic infection and antibodies specific to monocyte cytoplasmic components are predominantly associated with chronic granulomatous infection. This mirrors the findings in idiopathic inflammatory disease where anti-monocyte antibodies are associated with granulomatous disorders such as sarcoidosis, and anti-neutrophil antibodies are associated with neutrophilic disorders such as ulcerative colitis. These results suggest that chronic stimulation of phagocytes by infectious agents may result in the generation of a humoral response against phagocyte cytoplasmic components. This furthers our understanding of humoral immune responses against phagocytic cell components during infection.
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PMID:Anti-phagocyte antibodies and infection. 975 9

Granulomatous inflammation of the appendix is uncommon. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including systemic disorders such as Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis, and infections such as mycobacterium tuberculosis, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, parasites and fungi. Granulomatous appendicitis as an isolated pathological entity unassociated with systemic disease is rare. Isolated granulomatous inflammation of the appendix of unknown aetiology, otherwise known as idiopathic granulomatous appendicitis is extremely rare. Patients with this condition present with the typical signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis. We present a series of patients with isolated granulomatous inflammation of the appendix, and discuss the difficulties encountered in the management of this condition.
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PMID:Granulomatous appendicitis. 1557 Jul 81

Appendicular sarcoidosis is a very rare cause of acute abdominal pain, with only seven cases reported previously in the literature. A 45-year-old woman, known to have sarcoidosis, presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of epigastric and right iliac fossa abdominal pain. At diagnostic laparoscopy, an acutely inflamed appendix was found and removed as well as an omental mass which was biopsied. Subsequent histopathological examination of the appendix demonstrated appendicular sarcoidosis without acute appendicitis and chronic inflammatory changes in the omental biopsy. The patients' symptoms completely resolved postoperatively. It is important to undertake urgent operative intervention in patients with sarcoidosis who present with right iliac fossa pain, owing to the high risk of perforation.
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PMID:Appendicular sarcoidosis mimicking acute appendicitis. 2316 22

Granulomatous appendicitis is uncommon. It can be caused by infectious or systemic disorders, such as Crohn's disease (CD) and sarcoidosis. It is therefore essential to investigate systematic causes of granulomatous appendicitis after surgery by appropriate examinations. It is also rare for acute appendiceal inflammation to develop due to active CD. We herein report a case of CD presenting as granulomatous appendicitis. The patient was a 28-year-old man who arrived at the emergency room with right lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a low-density lesion with a clear boundary and a small high-density spot in its center behind the cecum. Acute appendicitis with abscess formation was suspected and conservative treatment was started. After 3 consecutive days of conservative treatment there was no improvement in his condition. We therefore performed open appendectomy. Histopathological examination showed numerous noncaseous epithelioid granulomas in the wall of the appendix. Specific staining revealed no evidence of acid-fast bacilli or fungi. During follow-up after discharge, colonoscopy demonstrated erosion from the cecum to the transverse colon. A colon biopsy showed severe inflammation with cryptitis, Paneth cells, and a granulomatous lesion. The patient was therefore diagnosed with CD and treatment with mesalazine was started. Careful examination is necessary to diagnose and properly treat patients with granulomatous inflammation of the appendix.
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PMID:Crohn's Disease Presenting as Granulomatous Appendicitis. 3161 34

Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory multisystem disease. The stomach is the most commonly involved gastrointestinal organ. Symptomatic appendicular sarcoidosis is extremely rare. We present a case of a 49-year-old woman with abdominal pain. An ultrasound of the abdomen was suggestive of acute appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed and the pathology revealed nonnecrotizing granulomas. Biopsy of the mediastinal lymph nodes suggested noncaseating granulomas. She was treated with steroid therapy followed by mycophenolate mofetil. Our case demonstrates the importance of considering appendiceal sarcoid among the differentials in a patient with systemic sarcoidosis presenting with an acute abdomen.
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PMID:Appendiceal sarcoidosis presenting as acute appendicitis. 3267 57