Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most laparoscopic procedures are performed on an elective basis. However, as general surgeons have gained more experience with laparoscopy, they are employing this procedure also for the evaluation and treatment of acute abdominal conditions such acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, perforated gastroduodenal ulcer and abdominal trauma, acute pancreatitis and intestinal obstruction. Although its advantages are still under debate, the laparoscopic approach has already been adopted by many centers in the emergency setting.
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PMID:[Laparoscopic appendectomy]. 1809 58

To determine the relative frequencies of gastrointestinal diseases (GI) in patients admitted to Samtah General Hospital, Gizan, the records of 2,442 adults admitted to the medical and surgical services for gastrointestinal diseases during the period 1413 to 1416 were analyzed retrospectively. 1,028 patients had acute appendicitis. The remaining 1,414 patients were admitted for various other GI diseases. In these 1,414 patients the commonest diseases were gastrointestinal infections (36.4%), peptic ulcer disease (19%), gall bladder disease (18.5%), viral hepatitis and its sequelae (20.7%). Despite the high prevalence of cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis was uncommon (0.1 %). Inflammatory bowel disease was rare. There was no gender - related difference in the prevalence of gastrointestinal infections, peptic ulcer disease and carcinoma of the stomach. Males were significantly more afflicted than females with viral hepatitis (p< 0.0001), cirrhosis of the liver (p< 0.0001), hepatocellular carcinoma (p< 0.0005), variceal bleeding (p< 0.0005), and peptic ulcer bleeding (p< 0.005). As a large proportion of our patients had preventable diseases, it is expected that immunization and other public health measures will reduce the frequency of these diseases in the future.
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PMID:Pattern of gastrointestinal diseases in adult patients admitted to Samtah General Hospital, Gizan region, Saudi Arabia. 1986 48

Laparoscopic surgery has an increasing use in today's world of general surgery, especially in the treatment of diseases such as acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, diverticulitis, lysis of adhesions in the setting of small bowel obstruction, incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia, and perforated peptic ulcer disease. The aim of this paper is to discuss the diagnosis and management of each disease while placing emphasis on the role of laparoscopy in its treatment.
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PMID:Laparoscopic repair of acute surgical diseases in the 21st century. 2066 17

The Helicobacter genus includes Gram negative bacteria which were originally considered to belong to the Campylobacter genus. They have been classified in a separate genus since 1989 because they have different biochemical characteristics, with more than 24 species having been identified and more still being studied.H. pylori is the best known. It has an important etiopathogenic role in peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Enterohepatic Helicobacters (EHH) other than H. pylori colonize the bowel, biliary tree and liver of animals and human beings with pathogenic potential. The difficulties existing to correctly isolate these microorganisms limit the description of their true prevalence and of the diseases they cause. Many studies have tried to discover the different clinical implications of EHH. Diseases like chronic liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatocarcinoma, autoimmune hepatobiliary disease, biliary lithiasis, cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, Meckel&#180;s diverticulum, acute appendicitis and inflammatory bowel disease have been related with different EHH species with different results, although their prevalence is greater than in healthy subjects. However, these data are currently not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. Finally, the best known role of EHH in bowel disease is production of acute and chronic diarrhea pictures initially referred to as Campylobacter. H. pullorum has been identified in patients with acute gastroenteritis. The correct identification of EHH as producers of infectious gastroenteritis is found in its antibiotic susceptibility. It is generally macrolide-susceptible and quinolone-resistant.
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PMID:Enterohepatic Helicobacter other than Helicobacter pylori. 2427 45

Laparoscopy has become a routine procedure in the management of acute abdominal disease and can be considered both an excellent therapeutic and additional diagnostic tool in selected cases. However, a high level of expertise in laparoscopic and emergency surgery is required. Hemodynamic instability, huge abdominal distension, fecal peritonitis and perforated cancer are relative contraindications for the laparoscopic approach. In recent years, abdominal emergencies have increasingly been managed successfully by laparoscopy. In acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis and perforated peptic ulcer, randomized controlled trials have proven that the laparoscopic approach is as safe and as effective as open surgery, with fewer complications and a quicker postoperative recovery. Other indications such as blunt and penetrating trauma to the abdomen, small bowel occlusion and perforated diverticular disease are under debate, indicating that more randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopic and open surgery are still necessary.
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PMID:Laparoscopy in the acute abdomen. 2448 51

Calprotectin is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein of the S-100 protein family which is mainly found within neutrophils and throughout the human body. The presence of calprotectin in faeces is a consequence of neutrophil migration into the gastrointestinal tissue due to an inflammatory process. Faecal calprotectin concentrations demonstrate good correlation with intestinal inflammation and faecal calprotectin is used as a biomarker in gastrointestinal disorders. Faecal calprotectin is a very sensitive marker for inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, and useful for the differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Faecal calprotectin is used for the diagnosis, monitoring disease activity, treatment guidance and prediction of disease relapse and post-operative recurrence in IBD. There may also potentially be a role for faecal calprotectin in the management of infectious gastroenteritis, acute appendicitis, peptic ulcer disease, cystic fibrosis, coeliac disease, transplant rejection and graft versus host disease. Further studies are needed to confirm its utility in these conditions. Analysis of faecal calprotectin consists of an extraction step followed by quantification by immunoassay. Over the past few decades, several assays and extraction devices including point-of-care methods have been introduced by manufacturers. The manufacturer-quoted cut-off values for different faecal calprotectin assays are generally similar. However, the sensitivities and specificities at a given cut-off, and therefore the optimum cut-off values, are different between assays. A reference standard for calprotectin is lacking. Therefore, assay standardisation is required for more accurate and traceable test results for faecal calprotectin.
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PMID:Faecal Calprotectin. 3082 14

BACKGROUND In the emergency department pain in the right lower quadrant is a frequent finding and is related to a wide variety of diseases, the most common of which is acute appendicitis. An unusual presentation of pain in the right iliac fossa is due to perforation of a duodenal peptic ulcer. The fluid that originates from the perforated ulcer moves through the paracolic sulcus to the right iliac fossa and causes irritation of the peritoneum and even chemical peri-appendicitis, thereby imitating all the usual causes of pain in the right lower quadrant. This condition is known as Valentino's syndrome, named after the Italian actor Rudolph Valentino. CASE REPORT The aim of this case report was to review the current published literature regarding Valentino's syndrome and report on a case involving a 51-year-old male who was admitted to our surgical department with right lower quadrant pain and suspicion of acute appendicitis. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, from which a retroperitoneal perforation of a duodenal ulcer was found; suture closure was then applied. The patient's postoperative course was uncomplicated, and he was discharged 9 days after the operation. CONCLUSIONS Surgeons should be alert for this rare condition imitating acute appendicitis, and the differential diagnosis of right lower quadrant pain should include peptic ulcer perforation.
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PMID:Valentino's Syndrome (with Retroperitoneal Ulcer Perforation): A Rare Clinico-Anatomical Entity. 3261 93


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