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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As human will stay for long duration in isolated sites like ISS there will be a need to perform quick and reliable diagnosis to evaluate the gravity of the pathology in presence of clinical symptoms. Many pathological situations (abnormal heart rate, pericardic collection, mitral prolaps, cholecystis, renal lithiasis, normal and ectopic pregnancies, ovarian cyst, acute appendicitis, phlebitis ... ) may occur even if all the astronauts are absolutely normal and healthy preflight. Ultrasound echography and Doppler are non invasive methods easy to use in space and very well adapted and used in routine for such diagnosis at the hospital. The objective of the present project was to design a method that guarantee a reliable echographic diagnostic in an isolated site (space station or earth site) by a Medical Doctor located at the expert site that should be the Nasa control center for ISS. It is supposed that there is only a non sonographer person in the isolated site and that the transmission system (audio, video, numeric..) is the only link between the 2 sites. Two options are proposed: (a) A 3D realtime acquisition echograph that can record quickly all the echos of a volume containing the organ suspected to have a lesion, all these echo information being sent to the ground and processed by the ground experts, (b) A robotic arm that hangs the echo probe in the isolated site tele-operated (through sattelite network) from the ground by an expert in clinical ultrasound. (As the expert moves the joystick of his ground computer the robotic arm reproduces the same movements on the probe).
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PMID:3D realtime echography and echography assisted by a robotic arm for investigating astronauts in the ISS from the ground. 1265 Feb 6

In 74,000 obstetrical patients at Los Angeles County Hospital the incidence of acute appendicitis in pregnancy was 0.05 per cent. In a study of 36 cases of clinically diagnosed appendicitis in pregnancy between 1956 and 1960, it was shown that the fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality were decreased when a definite operative procedure was done early. The difficulty in diagnosis is increased by the necessary consideration of pyelonephritis and twisted ovarian cyst. Rupture of the appendix increased hazards to maternal and fetal survival. It was noted also that threatened premature labor may indicate a ruptured appendix. Emergency operation with the use of antibiotics in such cases was effective therapy. The incidence of premature delivery was proportionate to the delay in operating. If operation was performed in less than eight hours after admission to the hospital, there was no maternal or fetal loss. A delay greater than eight hours resulted in a 17 per cent fetal loss in premature delivery and 4 per cent fetal loss of infants at term.
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PMID:Appendicitis and pregnancy. 1445 25

Several conditions can clinically mimic renal colic. We assessed the accuracy of non-contrast-enhanced helical CT and of ultrasonography (US) in offering an alternative explanation for flank pain. In a 3-year period, 181 patients with acute flank pain underwent US and non-contrast-enhanced helical CT in a blinded sequence. Their efficacy in detecting both alternative causes of pain and additional findings unrelated to the pain was assessed in 160 cases with a confirmed diagnosis. An alternative cause was found in 23 cases (14%). US gave 4 false-negative results (1 acute appendicitis, 1 ovarian cyst torsion, 1 diverticulitis, and 1 papillary necrosis) and 2 false-positive results (1 acute pyelonephritis and 1 diverticulitis), with a 78% sensitivity and a 98% specificity for nonlithiasic causes. CT gave 5 false-negative results (1 complicated ovarian cyst, 1 pleuritis, 1 epididymitis, 1 acute pyelonephritis, and 1 papillary necrosis) and 1 false-positive (1 simple ovarian cyst described as a complicated lesion), resulting in a 74% sensitivity and a 99% specificity for diagnosing alternative causes. There were 130 additional US findings in 68 patients and 151 additional CT findings in 77 patients. A wide spectrum of findings can be identified in subjects imaged for flank pain. Non-contrast-enhanced helical CT and US have comparable accuracy in diagnosing causes other than stone disease.
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PMID:Acute flank pain: comparison of unenhanced helical CT and ultrasonography in detecting causes other than ureterolithiasis. 1529 May 74

The purpose of our study is to emphasize the central role of ultrasound (US) in finding the cause of abdominal pain in children. Ultrasound of the lower abdomen quadrant should be considered in all cases in which the clinical signs and symptoms are not diagnostic of appendicitis. There is a wide range of clinical syndromes and diseases which can easily be diagnosed using a high resolution ultrasound with adjunct of color and power Doppler. The spectrum of abnormalities includes appendicitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, infectious ileocecitis, Crohn's disease, intussusception, ovarian cysts, and encysted cerebrospinal fluid. One of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in children is acute terminal ileitis (infectious ileocecitis) with mesenteric lymphadenitis. Ultrasound is the best tool to rapidly differentiate this disease from acute appendicitis, and prevent unnecessary laparotomy (Ref. 12).
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PMID:Infectious ileocecitis--appendicitis mimicking syndrome. 1620 35

Today sonography is the first line imaging method for diagnosing acute appendicitis. Experienced investigators will have an accuracy of more than 90%. Sonography can diagnose many conservatively managed diseases. The most important differential diagnoses are infectious ileocoecitis, right sided diverticulitis, appendagitis, adnexitis, ruptured or torque ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancies. Ureterolithiasis, cholecystitis, haematomas in the psoas muscle or in the rectus muscle are rarer causes of right lower quadrant pain. Sonography can reduce the high rate of false positive clinical examinations concerning acute appendicitis. It has to be stated that an exclusion of appendicitis can only be made sonographically if the normal appendix can be seen in its full length and/or an other differential diagnosis can be depicted that explains the clinical symptoms. Mucoceles are rare cystoid lesions of the appendix. They exhibit a typical onion skin sign structure caused by different mucus viscosities. In large mucoceles a tumor causes this lesion.
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PMID:[Sonography of acute appencitis and the main differential diagnoses]. 1668 Nov 56

We report all the procedures performed in pregnant patients in our institute. There were 2 cases of laparoscopic mesh repair (for posterolateral diaphragmatic Bochdalek hernia and laparoscopic Heller cardiomyotomy) and 1 laparoscopic cystectomy for torsion of an ovarian cyst; 7 laparoscopic appendectomies (6 for acute appendicitis and 1 for perforated appendix); and 9 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (8 for acute cholecystitis and 1 for gallbladder empyema). All these patients were in their second trimester of pregnancy. All the laparoscopic procedures were successful: there was no mortality, morbidity, or conversions. There were no complications for either mother or child related to general anesthesia. The changes in physiology of the pregnant patient have to be adequately addressed and proper precautions taken to ensure safety. The second trimester is the ideal time to do laparoscopic surgery, though procedures have been performed in all trimesters. Our initial experience is satisfactory, although more data are essential to standardize laparoscopic procedures in pregnancy. We conclude that laparoscopic surgery is proving to be as safe as open surgery in pregnancy.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy: experience of a single institution. 1748 45

Determining the cause of acute pelvic pain in the female patient is often a clinical challenge. Diagnostic imaging can be invaluable in this situation. Ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic conditions presenting with acute pelvic pain. Ovarian torsion and degenerating fibroids occur less frequently. Other causes to consider include endometriosis, and postpartum causes such as endometritis, or ovarian vein thrombosis. Finally, nongynecologic conditions may overlap in their presentation of acute pelvic pain and should also be considered. The most important of these is acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Imaging of acute pelvic pain. 2208 69

Determining the cause of acute pelvic pain in the female patient is often a clinical challenge. Diagnostic imaging can be invaluable in this situation. Ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic conditions presenting with acute pelvic pain. Ovarian torsion and degenerating fibroids occur less frequently. Other causes to consider include endometriosis, and postpartum causes such as endometritis, or ovarian vein thrombosis. Finally, nongynecologic conditions may overlap in their presentation of acute pelvic pain and should also be considered. The most important of these is acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Imaging of acute pelvic pain. 1917 58

We note a specific case report of a 38 year old patient, who presented to an emergency room with an 8-hour history of a continuous and progressive, abdominal pain syndrome. Without fever, nausea, vomiting, or urinary tract symptoms, and with a 36-hour history of constipation. We established as a first possibility the clinical diagnosis of, acute appendicitis vs. an ovarian cyst complication, such as rupture or torsion. After the initial basic diagnostic tests, we decided to do a laparoscopic approach for purposes of diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:[Internal hernia to the broad ligament: report of a rare case solved with laparoscopy and review of the literature]. 2448 55

Lower abdominal pain of acute onset in young women with a negative pregnancy test is a frequent reason for referral to the general surgical team and the differential diagnoses include acute appendicitis, complicated ovarian cysts and pelvic inflammatory disease. Intestinal and mesenteric cystic disease is a rare entity and less than half of cases present acutely. We present a case of a 25-year-old woman who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for acute lower abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a ruptured, infected mesenteric cyst.
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PMID:A ruptured infected mesenteric cyst diagnosed on laparoscopy for suspected appendicitis. 2471 57


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