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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucoceles of the appendix and associated pseudomyxoma peritonei are a heterogeneous group comprising various histopathologic lesions with differing prognoses. Between 1983 and 1990, we treated eight patients with appendiceal mucocele, three cystadenomas and five cystadenocarcinomas, three of which had accompanying pseudomyxoma peritonei. All patients were more than 50 years of age. Women outnumbered men by seven to one. Preoperative diagnosis was acute appendicitis or appendiceal abscess in all instances of mucocele unaccompanied by pseudomyxoma peritonei. Ultrasound of the abdomen, together with paracentesis, diagnosed pseudomyxoma peritonei in two of three patients. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels were found in six of the eight patients and monitoring of this parameter was useful in the early detection of the two recurrences observed. The three patients with cystadenomas remain free of disease after appendectomy. Of the five patients treated for cystadenocarcinoma by right colectomy, two underwent reoperation after recurrence of disease. One patient died 41 months later of intestinal obstruction caused by pseudomyxoma peritonei. Pseudomyxoma peritonei significantly decreases survival of patients with appendiceal mucocele. In these patients, aggressive initial surgical management, repeated if need be, is indicated.
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PMID:Appendiceal mucoceles and pseudomyxoma peritonei. 144 Jan 66

This report describes the CT features of 29 abnormal appendices visualized during abdominal CT examinations. There were 22 cases of acute appendicitis, five mucoceles, and two mucinous adenocarcinomas of the appendix. The inflammed appendix appeared either as a fluid-filled slightly distended structure or as a collapsed small tubular structure. It was visualized on either cross or longitudinal sections and showed slight circumferential wall thickening. Periappendiceal inflammation was detected in 19 cases and intraluminal appendicoliths in six cases. Mucocele appeared as a larger fluid-filled round, oval, or tubular structure having a thin, sharp wall, low density contents, and no periappendiceal inflammation. Mucinous carcinoma appeared either as a single or as multiloculated, irregular shaped cystic lesion with solid elements. Infiltration of cecum and terminal ileum was seen in one case. In five cases the abnormal appendix was not recognized initially and was identified only after repeat 5 X 5 mm sections were obtained. During CT examination, demonstration of an abnormal appendix establishes the source of the abdominal pathology and helps greatly in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Computed tomography of the abnormal appendix. 339 58

Although uncommon, primary appendiceal neoplasms often result in clinical symptoms that may lead to abdominal imaging. Acute appendicitis from luminal obstruction is the most common manifestation for most tumor types. Other manifestations include intussusception, a palpable mass, gastrointestinal bleeding, increasing abdominal girth (from pseudomyxoma peritonei), and secondary genitourinary complications. Asymptomatic appendiceal neoplasms may be discovered incidentally. Mucoceles from either benign or malignant mucinous neoplasms represent the majority of appendiceal tumors detected at imaging but are the least likely to manifest as appendicitis. Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a common manifestation of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Colonic-type (nonmucinous) adenocarcinoma of the appendix is much less common than mucinous tumors and typically manifests as a focal mass without mucocele formation. Carcinoid tumor is the most common appendiceal neoplasm but is less often detected radiologically because it is typically small and relatively asymptomatic. Goblet cell carcinoid tumor and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the appendix are rare and usually infiltrate the entire appendix. Cross-sectional imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT), is effective in the evaluation of these neoplasms. CT appears to be the modality of choice whenever an appendiceal mass is suspected. CT will help rule out or confirm an appendiceal tumor and may suggest a more specific diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary neoplasms of the appendix: radiologic spectrum of disease with pathologic correlation. 1274 Apr 66

Mucocele of the appendix is an uncommon disorder, characterized by a cystic dilatation of the lumen. It is often diagnosed clinically from signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis or, if it is asymptomatic, as an incidental finding during ultrasonography, computed tomography, and radiographic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract, or laparotomy. The incidence of mucocele ranges from 0.2% to 0.3% of all appendectomy specimens. We report five cases of appendiceal mucocele (all women, aged 19-90 years), who were admitted from January 1993 to January 2003 to our hospital. These cases represent 0.29% of the 1720 appendectomies performed during this period. Three of the patients were symptomatic and had appendectomies. The final diagnosis for mucocele was given at laparotomy. No colon neoplasms were identified during surgery, and subsequent colonoscopic examinations were also negative. The other two patients were asymptomatic of appendiceal tumor. Colonoscopy revealed two colonic malignant tumors in one patient and an adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon in the other. Mucocele of the appendix was diagnosed pre-operatively by ultrasound and computed tomography. One of the two patients underwent a right hemicolectomy and sigmoidectomy; the other one underwent an appendectomy, cecostomy and sigmoidectomy. Four of the patients recovered and are doing well today; one patient died on the twenty-fifth postoperative day. The most common symptom of mucocele is abdominal pain, although many patients may be asymptomatic. Mucocele is often associated with concomitant colon cancer, thus patients with this tumor should be systematically checked for other colonic lesions.
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PMID:Mucocele of the appendix: a report of five cases. 1530 49

Mucocele is an uncommon pathology of the vermiform appendix that can be confused with acute appendicitis. We present a case of an appendiceal mucocele associated with subacute, intermittent right lower quadrant discomfort. The diagnosis of appendiceal mucocele is an important one in that it can be associated with malignancies and other serious gastrointestinal, ovarian, and urological complications.
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PMID:Mucocele of the appendix: an important clinical rarity. 1667 83

Today sonography is the first line imaging method for diagnosing acute appendicitis. Experienced investigators will have an accuracy of more than 90%. Sonography can diagnose many conservatively managed diseases. The most important differential diagnoses are infectious ileocoecitis, right sided diverticulitis, appendagitis, adnexitis, ruptured or torque ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancies. Ureterolithiasis, cholecystitis, haematomas in the psoas muscle or in the rectus muscle are rarer causes of right lower quadrant pain. Sonography can reduce the high rate of false positive clinical examinations concerning acute appendicitis. It has to be stated that an exclusion of appendicitis can only be made sonographically if the normal appendix can be seen in its full length and/or an other differential diagnosis can be depicted that explains the clinical symptoms. Mucoceles are rare cystoid lesions of the appendix. They exhibit a typical onion skin sign structure caused by different mucus viscosities. In large mucoceles a tumor causes this lesion.
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PMID:[Sonography of acute appencitis and the main differential diagnoses]. 1668 Nov 56

Mucocele of the appendix secondary to appendicular carcinoid tumour is a rare entity. It occurs exceptionally during pregnancy. The interaction between carcinoid tumour or mucocele of the appendix and pregnancy is not yet elucidated. Prognosis depends on the size of the carcinoid tumour and its regional invasion. We report a case of appendicular mucocele caused by a carcinoid tumour in a 36-year-old pregnant woman who had been admitted because of acute appendicitis. Pathological examination of the appendicectomy specimen revealed a carcinoid tumour measuring 2 cm. Right hemicolectomy was performed two weeks after delivery with good evolution. According to this case and depending on the literature, the authors discuss the diagnosis and the therapeutic modalities proposed for this rare entity.
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PMID:[Appendicular mucocele caused by carcinoid tumor during pregnancy]. 1705 36

Mucocele of the appendix due to mucinous cystadenoma is a rare clinical finding. Approximately half of the patients are asymptomatic. It's defined as the dilatation of the appendiceal lumen due to abnormal accumulation of mucus in to it. The pseudomyxoma peritonei, as a result of rupture of the appendix, is the most dangerous complication. We present two case reports of patients that were presented in our Department with different clinical findings. The first patient was presented with symptoms of acute appendicitis, while the second patient showed with atypical symptoms such as abdominal pain, a palpable mass in the right iliac fossa and a diagnosed mucocele of the appendix with the use of computerized tomography. In both patients was performed an appendicectomy and the final histopathology diagnosis confirmed the presence of the mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix which caused the creation of the mucocele. In conclusion mucocele is a rare tumor which must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a mass in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
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PMID:Mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix. A diagnostic dilemma? 2169 67

Mucocele of the appendix is an uncommon disorder that is often asymptomatic, but can present similarly to acute appendicitis. Timely diagnosis and treatment is imperative due to the many complications that can result from the mucocele, such as perforation. Appendiceal mucoceles (AM) were previously thought to be either benign or malignant; however, a different pathological classification of AM is currently favored. Also, only a few cases of volvulus of a benign AM have been reported. Here, we present the first reported case of a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm resulting in a volvulus of the cecum.
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PMID:Low-grade appendiceal neoplasm presenting as a volvulus of the cecum. 2475 68

Mucocele of the appendix is an exceedingly uncommon pathology in the pediatric population that may present with abdominal pain or represent an incidental finding after routine abdominal imaging. Etiologies may be inflammatory or neoplastic, but all share the commonality of chronic appendiceal obstruction. Early diagnosis is critical for positive long-term outcomes because the operative management will differ from that of a dilated appendix secondary to acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Incidental mucocele of the appendix in a 15-year-old girl. 2509 99


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