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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case or retroperitoneal perforation of a duodenal ulcer is presented. Firstly was erroneously diagnosed as an acute appendicitis, and operated upon. The result were good but four successives surgical gests became necessary : first, to treat a very severe parietal infection ; after that, to resolve one very impressive gastro-intestinal hemorrhage and lastly, to treat the duodeno-cutaenous fistula and the duodenal ulcer. The published cases in the recent literature are very scanty but similar to ourselves. The difficulties of promp diagnosis, the erroneously planned first operation in seriously ill patients would be the main causes of the very high mortality.
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PMID:[Retroperitoneal perforation of a duodenal ulcer (author's transl)]. 23 51

The concept of the excessive consumption of carbohydrates as a cause of many diseases of civilisation has previously been proposed under the name of the 'saccharine disease'. A review of the hospital morbidity figures for these diseases in a divisional hospital in the Fiji Islands is presented. The hospital serves a population comprised of Indians and Fijians, suggesting comparison with the province of Natal, South Africa. Indians have a higher incidence of diabetes melitus, myocardial infarction, duodenal ulcer, acute appendicitis, gallstones, renal stones and eclampsia. Their diets differ mainly in the higher consumption of refined fibre-depleted carbohydrates, and it is suggested that the association is compatible with the concept of the "saccharine disease".
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PMID:Hospital morbidity in the Fiji islands with special reference to the saccharine disease. 117 98

Two cases of perforation of duodenal ulcer with coexistence of acute appendicitis are reported. Current concepts regarding this unusual complication of childhood duodenal ulcer are discussed.
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PMID:Perforated chronic duodenal ulcer in children with coexistence of acute appendicitis. 324 84

Cefminox sodium (CMNX, MT-141), a new semisynthetic cephamycin, having marked resistance to beta-lactamase, and a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacterial species, including Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens and Citrobacter freundii, CMNX has higher activity in vivo than in vitro. For therapeutic purpose, CMNX was given in a daily dose of 0.5 g (0.5 g X 1) to 2 g (1 X 2) by intravenous drip infusion for 4 to 8 days to 24 cases with acute peritonitis (17 cases with acute appendicitis, 1 with localized peritonitis after gastrectomy, 1 with diffuse peritonitis due to perforative duodenal ulcer and 5 with panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction). The clinical response was rated excellent in 9 cases, good in 14 cases and fair in 1 case and poor in none. No adverse effect was observed. There were 29 strains isolated organisms included 12 Escherichia coli, some Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These isolated organisms were eradicated after CMNX treatment, except a strain of E. faecalis was decreased. In 19 cases of them, 16 cases with acute peritonitis due to acute appendicitis and 3 cases with acute panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction, CMNX was administered intravenously in a dose of 1 g (1 case was 0.5 g) before or during the operation, and tissue specimens and body fluids samples were taken during the operation. CMNX concentration was determined to a bioassay with Escherichia coli NIHJ or Vibrio vercolans ATCC 8461 as the test organisms. CMNX concentrations in purulent ascites were 47.2 +/- 38.5 micrograms/ml (n = 23), those in infected appendix wall were 32.2 +/- 21.7 micrograms/g (n = 16), that in pus in appendix were 22.1 +/- 24.3 micrograms/ml (n = 8) and that in other non infected tissues were 24.3 +/- 22.0 micrograms/g (n = 8). CMNX concentrations in infected tissues were higher than the non infected tissues. In the 3 cases with empyemic appendicitis, CMNX levels in pus in appendix were more higher than that in appendix wall itself. Therefore, CMNX sodium appears to be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy on acute peritonitis.
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PMID:[Cefminox concentration in tissues and clinical efficacy of cefminox in acute peritonitis]. 393 Jul 84

Two series from greater Stockholm consisting of 726 (1960 to 1968) and 1,000 (1977 to 1978) patients over age 70 years with acute abdominal complaints are presented. Almost two thirds were women. Acute cholecystitis dominated both series, but its incidence decreased from 40.8 to 26 percent in the later series. The incidence of malignant disease increased from 3 to 13.2 percent. About one third of the patients were operated on; 50 percent had postoperative complications. Some frequently occurring aberrations of the usual symptoms and signs in acute appendicitis, ileus, and perforated gastric duodenal ulcer are discussed. The overall therapeutic results improved, as judged by postoperative mortality (series I, 23.1; series II, 16 percent) and mortality associated with individual diseases (except for acute pancreatitis). However, total mortality only decreased from 14 to 11.3 percent due to the large number of malignant diseases in series II, which were associated with a mortality of 37.9 percent. In series II the median duration of stay was 10.5 days and 75 percent of the patients were discharged home.
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PMID:Acute abdominal disease in the elderly: experience from two series in Stockholm. 709 11

The right anterior extrarenal space is composed of the perirenal fascia, the right anterior perirenal space, the right anterior pararenal space, and the liver capsule. To clarify the probable causes of an increasing width of the right anterior extrarenal space, the width was measured using ultrasonography for a period of 8 months. The right anterior extrarenal space was measured 3 cm from the superior renal pole and the smallest width obtained in several different scan planes was used. In 1,114 ultrasound examinations, 35 patients were found to have an increased width of the right anterior extrarenal space. Among the 35 cases, the common probable causes for such a condition were found in 27 cases. Eight patients had hyperchogenicity in the right pararenal space, a condition considered to be due to an acute inflammation, including acute pancreatitis, acute cecal diverticulitis, acute appendicitis, ischemic bowel, acute cholangitis, liver abscess, and penetrated duodenal ulcer. Chronic inflammations of an adjacent organ, a previous history of laparotomy, a malignancy with peritoneal metastases, and treatment with corticosteroid were considered the causes behind the condition in the 19 patients with normal echogenicity. For the remaining 8 patients, causes were not found during the follow-up period. This study indicates that life-threatening diseases, such as acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and malignancy of the abdomen, could be the cause of an increase in the width of this space.
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PMID:Causes of increasing width of right anterior extrarenal space seen in ultrasonographic examinations. 764 66

Because it may be difficult to evaluate gastrointestinal diseases in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), this report highlights several clinical features unique to diabetes and emphasizes the relationship between gastrointestinal pathology and glycemic control. Two children with IDDM are described whose hyperglycemia, ketosis, and abdominal pain were the presenting features of H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcer disease and acute appendicitis, respectively. A third nondiabetic child developed persistent postprandial hyperglycemia as the initial manifestation of dumping syndrome. These patients illustrate the relationship between glycemic control and gastrointestinal pathology in children with diabetes and the effects of gastrointestinal dysfunction on glucose regulation in nondiabetic children. In children with IDDM, gastrointestinal pathology can be confused with ketoacidosis and complicate diabetes control and management. Early recognition and treatment of the underlying gastrointestinal disease often improves glycemic control. Furthermore, severe gastrointestinal dysfunction in nondiabetic children may deleteriously influence glycemic regulation and may be confused with childhood diabetes.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal symptoms and diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. 907 23

Between January 1985 and September 1994, 21 patients with psychiatric disorders underwent various forms of surgery at our hospital. There were 12 men and 9 women with an average age of 57.6 years. The coexisting psychiatric disorders were schizophrenia in 15 patients, depression in 2, dementia in 2, mental retardation with epilepsy in 1, and Parkinson's disease in 1. All the patients had been receiving neuroleptic medications for a long period. The indications for surgery were: cholelithiasis in 6 patients, acute appendicitis in 4, perforation of the small intestine in 3, incarceration of an inguinal hernia in 2, and esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, bleeding from a gastric ulcer, perforation of a duodenal ulcer, strangulating ileus, and burns in 1 patient each, respectively. All of the patients who underwent elective surgery were given epidural anesthesia with or without general anesthesia. Antipsychotic medications were given until just prior to surgery and recommenced concurrent with the first meal. Abnormal behavior was observed in 11 patients (52.4%) postoperatively, but all the patients were discharged in accordance with recovery from their surgical disorder. Intra- and postoperative hypotension resistant to intravenous catecholamine administration was recognized in 9 patients (42.9%), and this peculiar complication should be borne in mind when patients with psychiatric disorders require surgical management.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders: a review of 21 patients. 913 Mar 38

Despite the marked decline in mortality of acute appendicitis over the past 50 years, the rate of perforation and negative appendectomy remains unchanged. The most effective means of controlling human suffering and economic cost associated with appendicitis is the identification and correction of factors responsible for perforation. Negative appendectomy rates have been relatively stable over the decades. Progress in diagnosis and diagnostic imaging still has not provided a foolproof non-invasive test to rule out the presence of appendicitis accurately. Clinical assessment determines the treatment and the clinical observation should be done by the surgeon. The use of H2-receptor antagonists has not reduced emergency admission of patients with duodenal ulcer. Mortality associated with perforated peptic ulcer remains high in spite of advances in surgical management. The patients with acute obstructed cholecystitis usually reach the surgeon with more advanced stage of the disease which results in increased morbidity and subsequently increased cost for undergoing cholecystectomy. If the patient develops severe diffuse peritonitis, the mortality could reach 30%. This is in spite of aggressive surgical treatment, potent antibiotics, modern intensive care and diagnostic procedures. To improve the results, more advanced treatment to avoid the development of peritonitis and more effective antibiotics to control the inflammation will be needed.
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PMID:[Common abdominal emergency cases a the end of the 20th century]. 967 12

Changes were analyzed in electrogastrogrammes (EGG) of 135 patients who had underwent a surgical treatment for gastric and duodenal ulcer. Time of restoration of bioelectrical activity of the stomach was determined, with diagnostic and prognostic value of EGG during the process of rehabilitation being shown. Changes in EGG were studied in 92 patients with acute appendicitis. Efficiency of the above procedure was established with respect to obtaining supplementary objective data of informative value on the course of the pathological process in the abdominal cavity, which fact permits the prognostication of the different complications development. Transcutaneous electrostimulation of the stomach was shown to be helpful in gastroenterological patients as was intracavitary pneumomassage.
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PMID:[The importance of electrogastrography in clinical practice]. 978 14


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