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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute appendicitis is a frequent pathology encountered by general surgeons. On the differential of aetiologies that can lead to this diagnosis lies the spectrum of infectious disease. We present a case report of a patient who presented to our institution as a classic acute appendicitis. Upon histological analysis it became evident that he had spirochetosis of the cecum and appendix. This paper reviews the literature on this rare infectious aetiology. A synopsis of the microbiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatments for intestinal spirochetosis is described. At large, the aim of this paper is to heighten awareness of this disease amongst clinicians and specifically surgeons.
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PMID:Intestinal spirochetosis presenting as acute appendicitis. 2496 Aug 10

The use of bowel ultrasonography (US) for the evaluation of gut diseases has increased in recent years and has been proven to provide a widely available, non-invasive and inexpensive method for the initial work-up and follow-up of different intestinal diseases, limited mostly by technical challenges posed by the patient's anatomy. The present review aims to provide an extensive overview of the main pathologic features at US examination of intestinal diseases other than inflammatory bowel disease, both acute (e.g., acute appendicitis, colonic diverticulitis, infectious diseases and ischemic conditions) and chronic (e.g., celiac disease, cystic fibrosis and other enterocolites). The identification of typical US features may help in the diagnostic process and guide the treatment approach. Therefore, the application of knowledge of the US appearance of gastrointestinal diseases is of relevance in enabling greater diagnostic performance and better patient management.
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PMID:Small Bowel Ultrasound beyond Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Updated Review of the Recent Literature. 2862 60

BACKGROUND Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic mycosis in Central and South America caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Despite its self-limited course and usually asymptomatic infection, some patients may present with a systemic illness mimicking multiple conditions and thus question the general state of their immune system. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old male presented to the hospital with fever, dry cough, and non-pruritic rash with no characteristic distribution for the past 10 days. Past medical history revealed that the patient had worked as a farmer three years ago, had abused cocaine paste over the same period, and also had in the last month presented to the hospital for acute appendicitis. Initial laboratory tests revealed hypereosinophilia greater than 10,000 eosinophils/mL. Infection of P. brasiliensis was confirmed by lymph node, skin, and colonoscopy biopsies. After treatment with itraconazole, the patient's eosinophil count returned to normal and his symptoms resolved. CONCLUSIONS Paracoccidioidomycosis may present as a systemic illness with only marked eosinophilia on initial diagnostic tests. Furthermore, in our patient's case, the high degree of eosinophilia may have contributed towards the patient's appendicitis in the weeks preceding the subacute infection. It is possible that the patient's history of working at a farm and abusing cocaine paste may have contributed to the initial colonization by the fungus.
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PMID:Hypereosinophilia Secondary to Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis. 2904 30


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