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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The value of bacteriologic findings in patients with acute appendicitis was studied. Routine urinary culture specimens were taken preoperatively from 194 children (mean age 11 +/- 3 years) undergoing emergency appendectomy. Bacteria were found in culture specimens of urine from 26 of 156 patients with acute appendicitis. The bacteriuria was correlated to the position of the appendix, the duration of disease, and the degree of inflammatory changes in the appendix. The results suggest direct spread of bacteria from the inflamed appendix to the urinary tract due to close anatomic relationship and to the severity of the inflammatory changes. That this spread of bacteria can have clinical significance cannot be excluded. Urinary sedimentation study is of no use in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Bacteriuria in appendicitis. 334 60

The effect of acute appendicitis (AA) on aerobic urinary tract infection was investigated. Abnormal urinalysis and urinary tract infection in patients with AA have seldom been reported previously. Appendectomy was performed in 84 patients with no previous urogenital, retroperitoneal, or pelvic disease, trauma or operation and AA was pathologically confirmed in 66 of them. Aerobic cultures of appendiceal tissue and mesenteriolum were done. Control groups included 25 patients with inguinal hernioplasty and 40 patients with varicocele repair. Urinalysis and urine culture were done prior to operation, and on days 1, 3, and 6 postoperatively. The "O" serogrouping identification of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was performed in the appendix, mesenteriolum and urine. Abnormal urinalysis was found in 48% of patients with AA before appendectomy, and in 12% on day 6 postoperatively (P < 0.05). Aerobes were isolated from urine in 32% of patients before appendectomy and in 24% on day 6 following surgery. E. coli was more often found in the appendix than in the mesenteriolum (P < 0.05). In seven out of 66 patients (11%) bacteriuria of more than 10(5) was found. All of them had identical aerobic strain isolated from the appendix, mesenteriolum and urine (E. coli in 4, Streptococcus faecalis in 2 and Corynebacterium species in one patient) according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and "O" serogrouping of E. coli. Lower urinary tract infection was clinically manifested on day 3 postoperatively in 4 of them and in none from the control groups. Bacteria spreading from the appendix to the retroperitoneal space may invade the urinary tract and cause either symptomatic or asymptomatic urinary tract infection in patients with AA.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection in acute appendicitis. 947 98

Many host and bacterial factors contribute to the development of different Escherichia coli extra-intestinal infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of host and bacterial factors in different extra-intestinal E. coli infections. A total of 221 E. coli isolates collected from urine, bile and peritoneal fluid were included in this retrospective study. Four main phylogenetic groups of E. coli, 14 genetic determinants, static biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance data were assessed, as well as the immunological status of the hosts. Group B2 was the most common phylogenetic group (30%), especially in cases of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), urinary tract infection (UTI), acute appendicitis/gastrointestinal perforation, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and was associated with elevated prevalence of papG III, fimH, sfa, iha, hlyA, cnf1, ompT and usp. Phylogenetic group A was most common in the isolates from asymptomatic bacteriocholia, biliary tract infection, and peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. There was similarity with respect to both phylogenetic groups and virulence factors in strains from faeces and ABU, and in strains from faeces and SBP/PD-related peritonitis. Host characteristics were important in patients with ABU, UTI, and SBP/PD-related peritonitis. Immunocompetence of hosts was associated with a relatively high prevalence of papG II, afa and iha, and relatively low antimicrobial resistance to fluoroquinolones. This study demonstrates that, in most E. coli extra-intestinal infections, phylogenetic group B2 was predominant and was more virulent than the three other phylogenetic groups in the Taiwanese population studied. The diverse patterns of host and bacterial factors demonstrate that there were different host and bacterial factors dominating in different extra-intestinal E. coli infections.
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PMID:Different roles of host and bacterial factors in Escherichia coli extra-intestinal infections. 1943 Dec 24

Timely management of patients presenting to the ED while in their first trimester of pregnancy can improve outcomes for both the patient and the fetus. Common obstetric problems encountered include vaginal bleeding and miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy of undetermined location, and nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, including hyperemesis gravidarum. Optimal diagnostic approaches and management strategies are covered, including which antiemetics are safe to give in pregnancy. Common nonobstetric problems include asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis, and acute appendicitis. This article also reviews the various imaging modalities available for pregnant patients and reviews the risks of ionizing radiation as well as various contrast media.
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PMID:First trimester pregnancy emergencies: recognition and management. 3057 Feb 48

Timely management of patients presenting to the ED while in their first trimester of pregnancy can improve outcomes for both the patient and the fetus. Common obstetric problems encountered include vaginal bleeding and miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy of undetermined location, and nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, including hyperemesis gravidarum. Optimal diagnostic approaches and management strategies are covered, including which antiemetics are safe to give in pregnancy. Common nonobstetric problems include asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis, and acute appendicitis. This article also reviews the various imaging modalities available for pregnant patients and reviews the risks of ionizing radiation as well as various contrast media.[Points & Pearls is a digest of Emergency Medicine Practice.]
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PMID:Points & Pearls: First trimester pregnancy emergencies: recognition and management 3059 92