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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phosphatase activity of neutrophils was studied in 342 patients directed to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, and in 56 healthy children. The index of phosphatase activity of neutrophils (IPAN) was found to be considerably increased in all forms of appendicitis in childhood. An intensity of the reaction depends on the form and terms, elapsed since the disease onset. The determination of IPAN in the complex with clinical findings could be utilized for the differential diagnosis purposes in investigation of patients suspected of acute appendicitis, while in the postoperative period - for estimating a gravity of the course and prognosis of the disease.
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PMID:[Phosphatase activity of the neutrophils in acute appendicitis in children]. 17 86

This report is a retrospective evaluation of 12 case histories. All patients had been subjected to laparotomy on suspicion of acute appendicitis. The operative situations seemed to corroborate clinical expectations: an inflamed ileocecal process was assumed to be a result of performation of a gangrenous appendicitis. In three patients a primary adenocarcinoma arising from the appendiceal base was the incidental histologic finding postoperatively. In three other patients this inflammatory-looking process was related to a cecal carcinoma. In six patients a carcinoma existed unrecognized as the basic disease, these patients being subjected to intra-abdominal drainage only or in connection with appendectomy. In five instances a fecal fistula was the main persisting symptom of postoperative morbidity, in one patient even as long as two years after laparotomy. The problem in diagnostic verification of the initially unidentified carcinoma is illustrated. Attention is directed towards avoiding a false feeling of security in the presence of inflammatory manifestations in the right lower abdominal quadrant, which may misleadingly suggest a ruptured appendix.
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PMID:Acute appendicitis and postoperative fecal fistula: symptoms of an unrecognized carcinoma of the colon. 18 27

The clinical details of 100 patients with proved acute appendicitis were compared with those of 100 patients with perforating or gangrenous appendicitis. Twenty features were found to be significantly different between the two groups. This information was incorporated into a computer data base and used in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain. A program written to predict the probability that gangrene or perforation was present in patients with appendicitis gave a diagnostic accuracy over 91%. A clinical scoring index, which accurately predicted the state of the appendix in 88% of patients, was constructed from the significant differences between the two groups. When clinical scoring or computer analysis predicts a high probability of perforation or gangrene in patients with appendicitis, surgery should be performed without delay.
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PMID:Computer-aided prediction of gangrenous and perforating appendicitis. 33 8

There have been several reports of "barium-induced" appendicitis in the literature. When confronted with a possible case of this phenomenon, a review of the literature on the subject was carried out. The suggestion is made that there is no evidence to support a cause-effect relationship between barium retained in the appendix and appendicitis. Diseased appendices can be marked by retained barium and a higher likelihood may then exist for the subsequent development of appendicitis. Following the finding of prolonged retention of barium after contrast study, it is recommended that the patient be instructed as to the possibility of developing symptoms of acute appendicitis. Patients who present with symptoms of appendicitis should be questioned as to history of recent barium study, and x-rays should be reviewed with the possibility of finding appendoliths.
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PMID:Appendicitis associated with recent barium study. 37 75

Starting with one case of acute granulomatous appendicitis of their own observation, the authors review the scant literature on the subject (only 23 published cases to date) and advocate systematic appendicectomy in all isolated appendicular localizations of Crohn's disease. On the grounds that no post-appendicectomy fistulization has ever been reported in such patients, the authors recommend prophylactic appendicectomy also in the far more frequent cases of acute ileitis, to forestall the possibility of evolution into chronic Crohn's disease and the risk of missing a nongranulomatous acute appendicitis appearing with the same clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Acute granulomatous appendicitis. (Contribution to preventive appendectomy in acute ileitis)]. 39 53

Case reports (1970--1977) of thirty-five pregnant women with acute appendicitis were reviewed. Eighty-eight per cent had symptoms less than 24 hours and were operated on within 12 hours. No maternal or fetal loss occurred. Morbidity and mortality should be minimal if, when appendicitis is suspected in a pregnant woman, immediate operation is performed.
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PMID:Acute appendicitis during pregnancy. 42 73

Fourteen patients with primary Crohn's disease of the appendix have been seen in a 12 year period. These patients represent 12.8% of the total number undergoing surgical resection because of Crohn's disease. Twenty-three cases of appendiceal Crohn's disease have been previously reported in the literature. A correct preoperative diagnosis is rarely made; the usual diagnosis is that of acute appendicitis or appendiceal abscess. The removed appendix in twelve of our 14 cases had marked thickening of the wall with transmural fibrosis and often with granulomatous inflammation. The enlarged appendix had an external appearance similar to that of ileal Crohn's disease, and we consider a correct surgical diagnosis might be possible with better awareness of its existence. The diagnosis might be suspected earlier when the clinical course of apparent appendicitis is protracted or atypical. Contrary to the previous estimation of high recurrence rate, this series and the cumulative evidence in the literature show a relatively low rate at 14%. The feared fistula formation following the removal of the appendix has not been seen in either our series or the literature. These patients, however, merit long-term follow-up.
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PMID:Primary Crohn's disease of the appendix: report of 14 cases and review of the literature. 42 64

The results of rectal examinations of 495 patients with suspected acute appendicitis were correlated with six other variables from the patients' histories and results of physical examinations. Positive rectal examination results were recorded for 46 per cent of all patients with acute appendicitis and for 53 per cent of those with normal appendices. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis should not be based solely or primarily on the results of the rectal examination. The examination should, however, be performed in all suspected cases of appendicitis to rule out gynecologic and urologic disease.
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PMID:The significance of a "positive" rectal examination in acute appendicitis. 42 84

Acute appendicitis is a well known clinical entity, but many physicians are unwilling to accept appendicitis as a chronic or recurrent illness. Of 225 patients undergoing appendectomy, sixteen (7 per cent) had findings suggestive of chronic, recurrent, or subacute appendicitis. Four patients had chronic abdominal pain and histologic findings of chronic inflammation. Nine patients had previous episodes similar to that which resulted in appendectomy. All had acute suppurative appendicitis pathologically. Three patients had only one episode of abdominal pain, but had pathologic evidence of subacute inflammation. Because this study was retrospective, we suspect that the true incidence of recurrent appendicitis is significantly greater, as reported by others. Indications for operation must be strict, for unless there are specific signs and symptoms of appendiceal disease, appendectomy will often be of no benefit.
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PMID:Chronic and recurrent appendicitis. 43 29

The gas-filled appendix is an uncommon roentgenographic sign that has been considered to be virtually diagnostic of acute appendicitis when the appendix is positioned caudad to the cecum in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Three patients had gas in the appendix in the absence of acute appendicitis. This diagnostic sign is therefore not specific for appendicitis. Regardless of its location, the appendix may contain gas despite the absence of intrinsic disease.
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PMID:Gas in the appendix: a sometimes significant but nonspecific diagnostic sign. 44 51


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