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Query: UMLS:C0085693 (acute appendicitis)
 3,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) were operated upon at our hospital for acute appendicitis, comprising only 0.43% of the total appendicectomies performed at our institution. Three appendices were acutely inflamed and six (66.7%) were perforated. Histologic evaluation of the six perforated specimens revealed congestion and haemorrhage by sickled erythrocytes (RBCs) in addition to acute transmural inflammatory cell infiltrates. The mucosa was extensively ulcerated, with haemorrhage both within the lumen and in the appendiceal wall. The blood vessels were dilated and packed with sickled RBCs. Two of the three acutely inflamed appendices showed features of acute transmural appendicitis, with marked congestion and haemorrhage by sickled RBCs. The third did not show any acute inflammatory cell infiltrate, however, the mucosa was partly ulcerated with both mucosal and intraluminal haemorrhage. These findings suggest that acute appendicitis is different in patients with SCD: while it is not common, when it does develop it has a rapid course with a high incidence of perforation due to blockage of appendiceal vessels by sickled RBCs, leading to transmural necrosis.
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PMID:Is acute appendicitis different in patients with sickle cell disease? 955 85

Priapism is uncommon in children. When it does occur the etiology is usually leukemia, sickle cell disease, or trauma.(1) We present a case of priapism in a child in whom the underlying etiology was acute appendicitis. To our knowledge, this has never been reported in the literature.
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PMID:Acute appendicitis presenting as priapism in an 8 year old. 1130 60

Sickle cell disease is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive painful crisis. The vascular occlusion in sickle cell disease is a complex process and accounts for the majority of the clinical manifestations of the disease. Abdominal pain is an important component of vaso-occlusive painful crisis and may mimic diseases such as acute appendicitis and cholecystitis. Acute pancreatitis is rarely included as a cause of abdominal pain in patients with sickle cell disease. When it occurs it may result form biliary obstruction, but in other instances it might be a consequence of microvessel occlusion causing ischemia. In this series we describe four cases of acute pancreatitis in patients with sickle cell disease apparently due to microvascular occlusion and ischemic injury to the pancreas. All patients responded to conservative management. Acute pancreatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in patients with sickle cell disease.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis during sickle cell vaso-occlusive painful crisis. 1282 57

Sickle cell disease is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive painful crises. The vascular occlusion in sickle cell disease is a complex process and accounts for the majority of the clinical manifestation of the disease. Abdominal pain is an important component of vaso-occlusive painful crises. It often represents a substantial diagnostic challenge in this population of patients. These episodes are often attributed to micro-vessel occlusion and infarcts of mesentery and abdominal viscera. Abdominal pain due to sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis is often indistinguishable from an acute intra-abdominal disease process such as acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, hepatic infarction, ischemic colitis and acute appendicitis. In the majority of cases, however, no specific cause is identified and spontaneous resolution occurs. This chapter will focus on etiologies, pathophysiology and management of abdominal pain in patients with sickle cell disease.
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PMID:Unusual causes of abdominal pain: sickle cell anemia. 1583 95

A 9-year-old child with sickle cell disease (sickle beta zero thalassemia) was diagnosed to have acute appendicitis during a hospitalization for pain, acute chest syndrome, and exacerbation of asthma. Because of his high surgical risk, his appendicitis was treated nonsurgically, successfully deferring his appendectomy. He remains well after 1 year. This approach should be considered at least in other sickle cell patients with appendicitis, and perhaps other high-risk populations, if not all children with appendicitis.
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PMID:Nonsurgical Management of Acute Appendicitis in Sickle Cell Disease. 3213 40