Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085632 (apathy)
 4,089 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The effects of serotonin depletion on the behaviors evoked by apomorphine or amphetamine are analyzed. Amphetamine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) or apomorphine (2 mg/kg, s.c.) were administered to fourteen adult mongrel cats. Inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg daily for three consecutive days). Serotonin depleted animals were tested with either apomorphine or amphetamine (same doses as above). 2. Behaviors evoked by both drugs were recorded and quantified. The following behaviors were rated: motility (locomotion), alertness, fear, indifference, olfaction and lateral head movements. 3. Biochemical analysis of the raphe dorsalis and caudate nuclei of p-CPA treated animals showed an average drop in serotonin concentration of 77%. Serotonin depletion induced statistically significant changes in the following behaviors in amphetamine-treated cats: locomotion, fear, lateral head movements and alertness. Serotonin depleted cats tested with apomorphine showed significant changes only in olfaction and indifference behaviors. 4. Serotonin appears to play a significant modulatory role in some of the behaviors evoked by amphetamine, specially locomotion. Such role is less evident for the behaviors evoked by apomorphine.
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PMID:Effects of p-chloro-phenylalanine on the behaviors induced by apomorphine and amphetamine in adult cats. 182 77

The behavioral effects of d-amphetamine and apomorphine administration were studied in 17 adult cats. The doses of amphetamine administered were 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg; those of apomorphine, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg. These two drugs evoked in the same animal marked differences in behavioral responses. Amphetamine induced a dose-dependent hypomotility, which was marked with the higher doses. In addition, rhythmic, bilateral slow movements of the head as a mode of stereotypy, indifference to the environment and dose-dependent increase in respiratory rate. Apomorphine elicited limb flicking, dose-dependent hypermotility and increase in olfactory behavior, the last two reactions with stereotypy characteristics. The animals appeared as if being scared, hyperreacting to sudden stimuli and showing total indifference to the surrounding environment. There were marked differences in behavioral responses evoked by these two agonists of the catecholaminergic system. These data do not conform with the behavioral reactions reported in the rat by other investigators. The disagreement with other communications is probably due to differences in reactivity of the species employed. The processes involved in the diversity of the behavioral responses of the cat to the administration of amphetamine and apomorphine have not been delucidated.
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PMID:Comparative study of the behavioral changes evoked by d-amphetamine and apomorphine in adult cats. Dose-response relationship. 278 Jul 70

1. This work was undertaken in order to study whether the opioid system is involved in the modulation of the behaviors induced by two agonists of the dopaminergic system, amphetamine and apomorphine in adult cats. 2. Naloxone, an antagonist of the mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors was administered to twelve female mongrel cats; 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg s.c. were injected in order to analyse its own effect of naloxone. This drug produced NREMs behavior and accordingly the cat showed an overall decrease of its activities. 3. Amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg s.c.) and apomorphine (2.0 mg/kg s.c.) were injected before and after naloxone administration (2.0 mg/kg s.c.), in separate sessions. 4. The behaviors recorded were compared. Some of the behaviors showed modifications both with amphetamine (inappetence was increased and locomotion decreased) and apomorphine (indifference and inappetence increased; locomotion and olfaction decreased). 5. These changes were considered as consequence of the NREMs behavior induced by naloxone and not as a result of a modulation by the opioid system of the activation of the dopaminergic system elicited by amphetamine and apomorphine. Regarding the mechanism of NREMs induced by naloxone probably the dopaminergic, noradrenergic and GABAergic systems may be involved.
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PMID:Effects of naloxone on the behaviors evoked by amphetamine and apomorphine in adult cats. 762 98