Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085632 (apathy)
 4,089 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The nitrosourea-induced rat glioma clone RG2 was tested for its capacity to form multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS's). Resulting spheroids were investigated by light and electron microscopy with regard to their proliferation patterns and morphological features. Using microsurgical techniques and avoiding mechanical injury of the brain tissue, the authors successfully transplanted avascular MTS's under the dura of the cerebellum, above the vermis, in 43 adult syngeneic Fischer CD rats. The rate of tumor establishment was 93%, and the tumors that were solid and spheroid in shape grew exponentially. Neovascularization could be observed at 3 days after implantation, and invasion of the cerebellum occurred by 3 to 5 days. Neurological deterioration, including ataxia, impairment of walking, and apathy, could be observed after 10 days. The mean survival time was approximately 16 days. The subdural cerebellar tumors were studied by histological techniques, and two morphometric methods were applied to check the growth of implanted spheroids. All tumors were deeply stained with the Evans blue dye-albumin complex, demonstrating disturbance of the blood-brain barrier. The easy accessibility of the cerebellar vermis in rats, the microsurgical implantation of glioma spheroids under the dura avoiding nerve tissue disruption, and the high percentage of reproducible establishment of tumors favor this experimental brain-tumor model. This should be an excellent model for study of experimental therapies.
 ...
PMID:RG2 glioma growth in rat cerebellum after subdural implantation. 242 62

Because safety is related to electrical power systems maintenance, it seems reasonable to assume there could be legal issues if maintenance is not performed. OSHA has not yet taken the stand that not performing maintenance as required by the manufacturer, NFPA 70B, or ANSI/NETA MTS-07 constitutes a willful violation. OSHA defines a willful citation as one where: "the employer knowingly commits with plain indifference to the law. The employer either knows that what he or she is doing constitutes a violation, or is aware that a hazardous condition existed and made no reasonable effort to eliminate it". However, NFPA 70E 2009 requires this maintenance, and OSHA has stated on its Web site that NFPA 70E is "a guide for meeting the requirements of the OSHA electrical regulations". In addition, federal courts have found that NFPA 70E is "standard industry practice." Once a company receives and accepts a willful citation, especially if received as the result of an accident investigation, its worker's compensation protection no longer shields it. One definition given by a trial attorney for a willful citation was that it is equal to negligent behavior. Be smart: Maintain that equipment and save yourself major problems, including unscheduled shutdowns and possible litigation.
 ...
PMID:Maintenance as a safety issue. 1902 96