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Query: UMLS:C0085632 (apathy)
 4,089 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a fattening pig herd comprising 80 animals 13 were affected with clinical manifest toxoplasmosis presumably due to cat feces in the food. Seven pigs died, one was killed in extremis. The clinical signs were anorexia, apathy, fever, cyanosis, dyspnoea and partly hind limb weakness. One pig that died 3 days after onset of clinical signs had widespread necroses in liver and lymphatic organs. Single tachyzoites were detected by immunoperoxidase technique. One pig dying on day 11 and another euthanatized the same day showed severe desquamative and interstitial pneumonia and marked non suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis as well as necrotic foci mostly infiltrated with mononuclear cells in liver, adrenals and lymphatic organs. In all affected organs toxoplasmas were demonstrated histologically and immunohistologically. Every 2 surviving pigs were killed 40 days and 20 weeks, respectively, after recovery. These animals had high antibody titers against toxoplasma gondii and showed severe non suppurative meningoencephalitis and toxoplasma cysts in the brain without preceding clinical signs. In the lymphatic organs a marked hyperplasia was observed.
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PMID:[Toxoplasmosis epizootic in a fattening swine herd]. 822 41

Fifteen bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1)-negative calves were vaccinated intramuscularly with 10(7.4) plaque-forming units of a double-deletion BHV-1 mutant (IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII), and 6 remained as nonvaccinated controls. Thirty days after vaccination, the animals were challenged by nasal instillation of 10(8.2) CCID50 of a virulent BHV-1 strain (Cooper). The vaccinated calves were protected against wildtype virus challenge as demonstrated by clinical evaluation. Most of the vaccinates developed only a mild rhinitis (lasting an average of 6.5 days) with almost no systemic symptoms, whereas the controls developed a serious illness characterized by rhinitis (mean = 11.5 days), conjunctivitis, hyperthermia, apathy, loss of appetite, and dyspnea. The vaccinates also shed significantly less virus and for a shorter period of time (mean = 5.5 days) than the controls (mean = 9 days). Thirty days after vaccination, the vaccinates were negative in an anti-gIII specific blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), despite the fact that most of them had developed neutralizing antibodies (serum neutralization titers ranging from 1:2 to 1:16). Seroconversion to gIII was detected as early as 7 days postinfection (dpi). Fourteen days after the challenge, all the animals exposed to wildtype BHV-1 had developed anti-gIII antibodies and were positive in this differential serologic test. Six controls plus 8 vaccinates kept in isolation were still positive to gIII when tested at 75 dpi. The use of the IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII strain in conjunction with an anti-gIII specific blocking ELISA kit represents a powerful tool for BHV-1 control/eradication programs.
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PMID:Efficacy of a deletion mutant bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) vaccine that allows serologic differentiation of vaccinated from naturally infected animals. 828 51

Infection and undernutrition in young children are thought to act synergistically. However, studies of the relationship between low height-for age (stunting) and morbidity in young children have had inconsistent findings and there are few adequate data on the effects of nutritional supplementation on morbidity. 129 stunted and 21 non-stunted children aged between 9 and 24 months, from poor Kingston neighbourhoods, identified from a house-to-house survey, were studied. The stunted children were randomly assigned to supplementation or no supplementation. Every week for 24 months the mothers were asked about the occurrence of any symptoms of illness. Supplementation had no consistent effect on the incidence or duration of symptoms. The stunted children had significantly more attacks of diarrhoea, fever, anorexia and apathy than the non-stunted children. The differences remained after controlling for social background and previous attacks of diarrhoea. There was also some indication of more severe illness in the stunted than in the non-stunted children.
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PMID:The effect of nutritional supplementation and stunting on morbidity in young children: the Jamaican study. 846 79

Portal hypertension caused by primary hypoplasia of the portal vein was diagnosed in 42 dogs. The portal hypertension was manifested by the presence of multiple portosystemic collateral vessels. The main clinical signs were retarded growth or weight loss, apathy, intermittent diarrhoea and vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension and polydipsia. Major findings at physical examination were ascites in 23 dogs and neurological signs in 16 dogs. The dogs had increased activities of liver enzymes in plasma and increased fasting levels of total bile acids and ammonia; in many of the dogs the packed red cell volume, total serum protein and albumin were low. Gross inspection of the portal vein revealed a patent but underdeveloped extrahepatic vein in 13 of the dogs. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed hypoplasia of the intrahepatic portal veins in all the dogs, and this was associated with minor arteriolar proliferation and absence of fibrosis in 12 of them, with moderate to marked arteriolar proliferation often combined with ductular proliferation in 13, and with marked portal fibrosis (formerly described as hepatoportal fibrosis) with a varying number of arteriolar and bile ductular structures in 17 of the dogs. The disease affected mainly young dogs, and was most likely to have been of congenital origin.
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PMID:Portal hypertension associated with primary hypoplasia of the hepatic portal vein in dogs. 856 Jul

A dachshund suffered from vomitus, anorexia, apathy, and anemia. A metal button consisting of brass (alloy of copper and zinc) was diagnosed in the stomach and was removed. Blood analysis revealed an elevated level of zinc (10.7 micrograms/ml) associated with a low copper concentration (0.02 microgram/ml). This apparently paradoxical finding of copper deficiency despite of copper exposition (brass button) caused us to determine the diaminoxidase activity in serum, representing an indicator for the copper accumulating ceruloplasmin. The enzyme activity was found to be decreased. The case study brings to mind the mutual interaction between zinc and copper. Apparently, a copper deficiency is not necessarily due to a reduced supply of copper. Moreover, as shown by further investigations, an attenuated diaminoxidase activity represents an important parameter to diagnose a copper deficient state.
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PMID:[Zinc intoxication dogs with simultaneous zinc deficiency--an expanded case study]. 932 30

This case report describes a 12-year-old Arabian mare with granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Clinical signs included fever, apathy, anorexia, icterus, limb edema, and reluctance to move. Examination of buffy coat smears revealed Ehrlichia organisms in neutrophils and eosinophils. A band of 1,428 bp was amplified from DNA of leukocytes via nested PCR and was identified as part of the Ehrlichia 16S rRNA gene. It differed from the gene sequences of Ehrlichia phagocytophila and E. equi at two and three positions, respectively. Interestingly, the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA was 100% identical to that of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.
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PMID:Identification of a granulocytic Ehrlichia strain isolated from a horse in Switzerland and comparison with other rickettsiae of the Ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup. 965 Sep 57

Case report of a 25-year-old primigravida who sustained a necrosis of the anterior pituitary gland after a haemorrhagic Caesarean section. The diagnosis was delayed, as the early symptoms (apathy, anorexia, nausea, orthostatic hypotension and hypoglycaemia) were imputed to more usual causes.
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PMID:[Sheehan's syndrome: a recurrent obstetrical complication]. 1036 4

A miniature schnauzer with a history of apathy, anorexia and jaundice was presented to the Utrecht University Clinic for Companion Animals. Abnormal laboratory findings included highly increased levels of total bile acids and alkaline phosphatase, and hyponatraemia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed that the right side of the liver was enlarged and the left side was small, together with a thrombus in the portal vein. Biopsies from the right side of the liver demonstrated subacute to chronic active hepatitis, for which the dog was treated with prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day for four weeks). No improvement was observed and the owner requested euthanasia. At necropsy the left lobes of the liver were found to be small and firm, while the right lobes were large and soft. There were two thrombi in the portal vein. Microscopic examination revealed chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis.
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PMID:Thrombosis of the portal vein in a miniature schnauzer. 1064 99

Twelve groups of falcons, each containing three female gyrfalcon-peregrine falcon hybrids (Falco rusticolus x Falco peregrinus) were injected intramuscularly with a single dose of ivermectin ranging from 0.2 mg/kg to 11 mg/kg bodyweight, and a control group was injected with water. Doses of ivermectin between 0.2 and 5 mg/kg failed to produce clinical signs of illness in the birds. Four birds which received either 6, 7 or 8 mg/kg showed slight clinical signs, and all the birds receiving 9 to 11 mg/kg showed more or less severe clinical signs of anorexia, apathy and sedation. Slight changes in the mean plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were detected in the group dosed with 5 mg/kg, and higher dosages caused marked changes in these enzymes as well as in the mean plasma activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The mean activity of AP decreased, and the activities of the other enzymes increased. A dosage of 2 to 3 mg/kg ivermectin is recommended as a safe and effective antiparasitic drug for falcons and it has been used successfully to treat infestations of Serratospiculum species.
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PMID:Evaluation of the dosage of ivermectin in falcons. 1138 46

Several cases of hydatid echinococcosis were diagnosed in a laboratory colony of 19 pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) at the Paul Ehrlich Institute, Germany. Three hydatid cysts were found in the liver of an euthanized animal. The diagnosis of an Echinococcus granulosus infection was confirmed by histopathology and the results of a specific polymerase chain reaction. The serum of five of 14 other monkeys tested for Echinococcus antibodies using a genus-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was positive or weakly positive; none of the animals, however, showed specific reactions in a E. multilocularis-specific ELISA. On ultrasonographic examination, alterations in the liver were found in four of the serologically positive monkeys, and two animals showed clinical signs such as progressive anorexia, apathy and icterus. The monkeys had most probably acquired the E. granulosus infection in their breeding colony in Slovenia.
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PMID:Hydatid echinococcosis (Echinococcus granulosus) in a laboratory colony of pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). 1147 47


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