Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085632 (apathy)
 4,089 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred eighty-nine patients received a four-drug combination consisting of cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), methyl CCNU, and bleomycin (COMB), according to three different drug regimens, performed sequentially. Of the 189, 62 had a partial response (33%) including 11/33 with squamous lung cancer, 11/32 with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck, 13/15 with oat cell carcinoma of the lung, and 7/41 with malignant melanoma. The response rate for patients with squamous lung or head and neck cancer appeared to be higher at weekly bleomycin doses of 30 and 60 mg (15/33 = 45%), compared to a weekly bleomycin dose of 15 mg (7/32 = 25%). A median survival from treatment of 30 weeks was observed in oat cell carcinoma, which represents considerable prolongation over that expected from supportive care alone or single-agent chemotherapy. Toxicity included: 1) myelosuppression, resulting in hospitalization for antibiotics in 20% of patients; 2) probable bleomycin lung damage in 4% of patients; and 3) dose-limiting vincristine neuropathy in 11%. The combination of twice-weekly vincristine and bleomycin for more than 6 weeks produced a disturbing "debilitation syndrome," characterized by weakness, anorexia, weight loss, and apathy. The encouraging response rate suggests a future role for these drugs in combination, especially for vincristine and bleomycin, with other agents showing activity in squamous and oat cell carcinoma. Toxicity precludes recommendation of this combination, in the regimens tested, for broader Phase III studies.
Cancer 1975 Aug
PMID:COMB (cyclophosphamide, oncovin, methyl-CCNU, and bleomycin): a four-drug combination in solid tumors. 5 Aug 70

Despite the handicaps of shortage of staff, lack of a broad health insurance program, and the apathy of most of the medical profession, we managed to establish a Cancer Registry that is achieving near completeness in registration of cancers at certain sites. These cancers are among the most common types occurring in the population.
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1977 Dec
PMID:Current status of the Cancer Registry and population-based studies in Hong Kong. 61 47

Seventy patients presenting symptoms of hysteria (49 women and 21 men) were selected among patients observed at the Institute Minkowska during the year. This work is part of a research work on socio-cultural and environmental factors which can change mental status of immigrants. These are all portugese workers presenting for the first time atypical mental troubles called by the author: "bastard hysterical syndrome of the immigrant" and characterized partly or totally by the following symptoms: fatigue, anxiety, sense of suffocation, dyspnea, coughing, unilateral chills or generalized chil, abdominal or gastric pains, headaches and "diffused pains", paresthesia, aching back, tears and sorrow, fear of dying or having a cancer, asthenia, leg paresthesia and contractions, vomiting, diarrhea, cardiac pains, palpitations, dizziness and collapsing. These troubles appear sometimes without apparent motives but they are almost always due to a precipitating cause expressed by the patient: a delivery, a familial death, a homosexual proposition, a trauma without importance, a working conflict etc... But the most frequent cause invoked is "the french climate" without knowing precisely what the word "climate" means: atmospheric conditions, athmosphere or reception milieu? This latest interpretation seems more likely after months of psychotherapy. Most patients are not french speaking and cannot write; their origin is rural (familial villages well structured regarding their food and sexual economy), and people well "armed" by a system of defense mechanisms and well adopted conditioned reflexes. In this work, hysteria of the portugese immigrant is compared to childhood hysteria. As the hysterical burst of the child is aimed at calling attention, love of the mother, at finding a solution to a familial or social conflict, the hysterical burst of the immigrant is aimed at the absent family or at its substitutes, the bos, social security, the doctor. Furthermore, the attitude of the hosting Country--wanting and rejecting--is very ambivalent; "tenderness" at the time of reception, followed by indifference. Early attentions are followed by constant interdictions (threat of unemployment, false statements on sexual dangers of the immigrant etc;..). The immigrant, like the hysterical child, is periodically controlled (work and visit cards), supervised (supervisors), The narcistic satisfactions of being called a good worker can be followed by threats of firing in economic crisis. The society of the hosting country requires the immigrant to be identical to this society: language, physical appearance, food. The real paradoxical situation to which the immigrant is confronted and the real or hypothetical fears constitute conditions of experimental neurosis, to which portugese immigrants react very often by a bastard symptomatology of hysterical type, characteristic of displaced man. These preliminary studies are the frame for a future epidemiological survey in this specific population.
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PMID:[Hysteria and psychosomatic disorders in Portuguese immigrants]. 102 Jun 87

Diagnosis is often overlooked because symptoms develop slowly and insidiously and many patients don't complain about them. Then too, the giddiness, apathy, confusion, clumsiness, and similar problems may be considered simply signs of "old age." Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type in old people. It's usually due to gastrointestinal bleeding, but there may be a second, less obvious cause. The classic picture of low serum iron, high total iron-binding capacity, and low iron-binding saturation is sometimes distorted. Usually, many studies are needed to confirm the suspicion of a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency. A raised mean corpuscular volume in itself signals the need for further investigation. In patients with macrocytosis, the bone marrow must be examined. Tests for intestinal malabsorption must be considered too. Repeated blood tests are essential in patients being treated for any type of anemia. Iron deficiency may hide evidence of folate or B12 deficiency. And iron therapy may lessen bleeding from colonic cancer, delaying diagnosis until it's too late to operate.
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PMID:Anemia--a common but never a normal concomitant of aging. 108 61

Maximizing the uptake of mammography among the eligible population will be critical to the success of the national breast cancer screening programme. Although compliance may vary for different reasons from area to area, it has been suggested that making screening clinics more accessible may be an effective means of enhancing uptake. In the present study we undertook 600 interviews with women who had been invited for mammography to determine the main reasons given by women in Northern Ireland for not attending for mammography when invited, how these may have related to access factors and to discover their views on how the service might be improved. The most frequently cited reasons for non-attendance were related to feelings of indifference or ignorance of screening issues and to fear of pain or embarrassment. Although more non-attenders did not have access to private transport, few women (23/600) expressed a preference for more accessible clinics. The fact that non-attenders were more likely not to have had a recent cervical smear, adds weight to the notion that attitudes rather than access played the predominant role in influencing uptake in this sample. We have concluded that investment in flexible mobile screening units cannot replace the continued need for delivering effective advocacy to eligible women.
Eur J Cancer Prev 1992 Jun
PMID:Attitude or access: reasons for not attending mammography in Northern Ireland. 146 80

Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is common in patients with advanced disease due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Symptoms range from lethargy and apathy to coma, incoordination and ataxia to hemiparesis, loss of memory to severe dementia, and focal to major motor seizures. Involvement may be closely associated with HIV infection per se, as in the AIDS dementia complex, but is frequently caused by opportunistic pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptococcus neoformans or malignancies such as primary lymphoma of the CNS. The clinical presentations of attendant and direct CNS involvement are remarkably non-specific and overlapping, yet a correct diagnosis is critical to successful intervention. Toxoplasmic encephalitis is one of the most common and most treatable causes of AIDS-associated pathology of the CNS. A great deal has been learned in the last 10 years about its unique presentation in the HIV-infected patient with advanced disease. Drs. Benjamin J. Luft of the State University of New York at Stony Brook and Jack S. Remington of the Stanford University School of Medicine and Palo Alto Medical Foundation's Research Institute have studied T. gondii for many years and are two of the leading experts in the field. This commentary comprises an update of their initial review (J Infect Dis 1988;157:1-6) and a presentation of the current approaches to diagnosing and managing toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected patients.
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PMID:Toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS. 152 Jul 57

Because of increased aminoglycoside resistance of hospital bacterial isolates, aminoglycoside sensitivity patterns of isolates in a large children's hospital were assessed before and during a 33-month period of almost exclusive amikacin use. There was no significant change in overall resistance rates of gram-negative enteric bacteria to gentamicin (4.8 percent and 4.6 percent), tobramycin (2.5 percent and 3.6 percent), and amikacin (1.2 percent and 1.8 percent) from the pre-amikacin period to the amikacin usage period, respectively. No significant differences were observed for isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Serratia, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas species. In contrast, significant decreases in gentamicin and tobramycin resistance rates for Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in gentamicin resistance of Proteus were found. Very little change in resistance of staphylococcal isolates was seen during a shorter evaluation period. Pediatric aminoglycoside usage includes therapy of neonatal infections, cystic fibrosis, febrile neutropenic episodes in patients with cancer, abdominal surgery, bacterial endocarditis, and gram-negative central nervous system infections. Amikacin has also been used successfully as single-dose therapy of urinary tract infections, and acceptable cerebrospinal fluid levels of amikacin have been documented in hydrocephalic patients with ventriculitis. In vitro studies of 22 bacterial isolates demonstrated synergy between amikacin and penicillin or newer cephalosporins in 13, an additive effect in seven and indifference in two. No antagonism was found. In addition, in vivo synergy between imipenem and amikacin was found in neutropenic infant rats with P. aeruginosa sepsis using a strain with which no synergy was demonstrable in vitro. Amikacin is effective in pediatric infections and is well tolerated by children. Because excessive or inadequate levels are frequent with usually recommended doses, particularly in neonates and patients with compromised renal function or cystic fibrosis, serum levels should be monitored to minimize risk and to ensure therapeutic levels.
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PMID:Treatment of pediatric infections with amikacin as first-line aminoglycoside. 402 67

A unique programme of rehabilitation and pain control has been created within the Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori in Milan. Rehabilitation of mastectomy, amputee and ostomy patients has been very active and, particularly in this last group, a good rehabilitative outcome may be observed. Pain evaluation was one of the main problems. The treatment modalities have been refined in order to obtain the maximum pain relief with the minimum trauma possible. These treatments are based on a closely monitored analgesic drug administration and on percutaneous thermocontrolled lesions. The growing needs of the Cancer Institution have brought to about 30 000 the number of treatments performed by the Service during the last year. Nevertheless, enormous efforts are necessary to break the barrier of indifference to this problem that still persists in the oncologic field.
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PMID:Organizing pain control and rehabilitation service in a cancer centre. 617 74

Since 1972, telecobalt irradiation plus intrathecal methotrexate (ITMTX) has been successfully replaced in Jena by intrathecal colloidal radioactive gold (198Au) plus ITMTX for meningosis prophylaxis in leukemia. Seventy-three children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were given 1.24-4.89 mCi (45.8-181 MBq) of colloidal 198Au IT after successful initiation of remission. During cytostatic therapy, the following relapses occurred: meningosis leucaemica, five patients (6.8%); bone-marrow relapse and the meningosis leucaemica, one patient; and bone-marrow relapse, 20 patients (27.4%). In 18 children, combination chemotherapy was terminated after two and a half or three years of treatment. After that time, one meningeal relapse and six bone-marrow relapses occurred. Within the first 24 hours after application of radioactive gold, headaches, vomiting, and fever occurred in less than 10% of the children. An apathy syndrome, leukecephalopathy, or severe infections, were not observed in a single case. Radioactive gold spreads in the subarachnoid space and is phagocytized by the arachnoidea. The tumoricide effect extends selectively over the space of distribution of the latent meningosis leucaemia. The cerebral parenchyma remains unaffected by radiation. Thus, radioactive gold may be preferable to telecobalt irradiation in preventing central nervous system leukemia.
Cancer 1982 Jan 15
PMID:Meningosis prophylaxis with intrathecal 198Au-colloid and methotrexate in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. 627 5

A 49-year-old Laotian woman presented with apathetic hyperthyroidism and suppurative thyroiditis from Salmonella cholerae-suis occurring in a multinodular gland with a large right-sided mass. Apathetic hyperthyroidism in this age group is uncommon and Salmonella thyroiditis has been infrequently described. Surgical removal of the mass which had effectively concentrated radioactive iodine cured the hyperthyroidism and permitted the remaining suppressed normal tissue to regain function. Pathologic evaluation of the functioning mass demonstrated nearly total replacement of normal thyroid tissue by follicular carcinoma. No clear evidence of metastatic disease was present. Thyrotoxicosis from follicular carcinoma of the thyroid not resulting from metastases has not been previously described.
Cancer 1982 Dec 01
PMID:Salmonella thyroiditis, apathetic thyrotoxicosis, and follicular carcinoma in a Laotian woman. 713 41


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