Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085631 (agitation)
 12,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nocturnal sleep was recorded from ten unrestrained, group-living Macaca nemestrina (pigtail) monkey infants, using implantable multichannel biotelemetry systems, during the agitation-depression behavioral reaction that follows maternal separation. Sleep disturbances during the four nights of separation were characterized by decreases in rapid eye movement (REM) time and in the number of REM periods, and increases in REM latency. Time awake and number of arousals were increased. Slow-wave sleep was not significantly affected. Sleep pattern changes were most pronounced the first separation night, and tended to decrease as separation continued, whereas behavioral measures of depression tended to increase as separation continued (up to four days). Sleep patterns returned to normal following reunion with the mother. Those infants who had the most severe sleep disturbances the first separation night (more time awake, less total sleep, less REM) also tended to become most depressed behaviorally later in the separation period.
 ...
PMID:Nocturnal sleep in separated monkey infants. 21 85

In an open study dl-phenylalanine in doses from 75-200 mg/day was administered to 20 depressed patients for 20 days. Patients were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The AMP system, the Hamilton depression scale and the von Zerssen self rating questionnaire were used for documentation of psychopathological, neurologic and somatic changes. In addition a global clinical impression was agreed upon by experienced psychiatrists. At the end of the trial 12 patients (8 with complete, 4 with good response) could be discharged without any further treatment. 4 patients with partially untypical depressions experienced mild to moderate responses, whereas 4 patients did not respond at all to the phenylalanine administration. Depressive "core symptoms" as depressed mood, retardation and/or agitation were preferentially, anxiety and sleep disturbances moderately and hypochondriasis and compulsiveness were not influenced. It is concluded that dl-phenylalanine might have substantial antidepressant properties and that further more controlled investigations are warranted.
 ...
PMID:Dl-phenylalanine in depressed patients: an open study. 33 27

In an open study dl-phenylalanine in doses from 75--200 mg/day was administered to 20 depressed patients for 20 days. At the end of the trial 12 patients (8 with complete, 4 with good response) could be discharged without any further treatment. 4 patients with partially untypical depressions experienced mild to moderate responses, whereas 4 patients did not respond at all to the phenylalanine administration. Depressive "core symptoms" as depressed mood, retardation and/or agitation were preferentially, anxiety and sleep disturbances moderately and hypochondriasis and compulsiveness were not influenced. It is concluded that dl-phenylalanine might have substantial antidepressant properties and that further controlled investigations are justified.
 ...
PMID:[DL-phenylalanine as an antidepressant. Open study (author's transl)]. 38 May 77

Criteria for mania in children have been established on the basis of criteria for mania in adults. Mania in children is an episodic disorder characterized by marked irritability and agitation, a considerable increase in activity level, push of speech, sleep disturbances, distractability, and noticeable mood instability that persists for longer than one month. Euphoria is frequently present in children with mania and is manifested as an adamant denial of any illness or problem. Previous reports have not stressed the characteristic appearance of depressive symptoms, such as hopelessness and helplessness, crying spells, death wishes, and beliefs of persecution, all of which can occur during the manic episode in children.
 ...
PMID:Mania in childhood: case studies and literature review. 77 71

The clinical efficacy of a fixed combination of 10 mg amitriptyline and 0.5 mg flupenthixol (Lu 7410) was studied in 30 (15 endomorphous and 15 psychogenic) depressive patients over 4 weeks. Stepwise titration of the drug resulted in an optimal daily dosage of 6 tablets (1 table, morning, 1 at noon, and 4 in the evening). Based on the ECDEU Global Score the overall symptomatology improved significantly as early as in the first week and was best in the third week. Evaluation of the detailed psychopathology by means of the AMP-system showed, that aside from thymoleptic properties, Lu 7410 has a stimulatory-activating-effect (improvement of drive) as well as an anxiolytic-sedative component (improvement of suicidal tendencies, agitation and sleep disturbances). While the former is seen predominantly in low doses and in endomorphous depressions, the latter is prominent in higher doses and in psychogenic depressions. There was a lack of extrapyramidal side effects as well as of alterations in blood count, blood chemistry and ECG. Psychological tests supported the clinical observations, inasmuch as a significant increase of extroversion and aggressivity was seen in the FPI of endomorphous depressives, while psychogenic depressives revealed decreases in extroversion and sociability. Moreover, a decrease in the Taylor anxiety score and increase in concentration was noted, based on the AD test. The results will be discussed.
 ...
PMID:The treatment of endomorphous and psychogenic depressions with a fixed combination of amitriptyline/flupenthixol (Lu 7410). 78 Feb 99

Effects of abstaining temporarily from tobacco smoking were studied in a group of habitual smokers during a 15-day period, during which they smoked normally for the forst 5 days, refrained from smoking the next 5 days, and smoked again during the last 5 days. Results were evaluated against values obtained in a nonabstaining group of smokers. Adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion decreased, skin temperature increased, and hand steadiness was improved when the subjects stopped smoking. Submaximal, physical work tests were performed once each period. No changes occurred in perceived exertion for abstainers during work, in spite of a reduced heart rate. There were only minor differences between abstaining and smoking subjects with regard to performance in the cognitive tests. Irritation, depression, lack of concentration, sleep disturbances, anxiety, tension, and restlessness were frequently reported as abstinence symptoms. The results indicate a decrease in arousal level during abstinence.
 ...
PMID:Effects of abstinence from tobacco smoking on physiological and psychological arousal levels in habitual smokers. 84 76

An experience of pain according to Merskey's definition was found in 24 out of 40 consecutive patients with depressive disorders. No age or sex differences were found between patients with and those without an experience of pain. In a comparison of ratings using the Cronholm-Ottosson depression rating scale, patients with an experience of pain were found to have a more severe type of depression, more psychic and vegetative anxiety, more motoric restlessness, more local tension, more thoughts of suicide, more hypochondriacal ideas, more sleep disturbances and a higher total depression score. On the other hand, no difference was found as regards depressive ideas, intellectual, conative or emotional inhibition or psychomotoric retardation. In the experimental part of the study, 30 patients -- 18 with an experience of pain -- were investigated with pain measures and visual averaged evoked responses. No differences were found in pain measures between patients with and those without an experience of pain. Out of 18 patients with an experience of pain, 15 were found to be augmenters as measured by visual averaged evoked responses. In the group of patients without pain only 4 out of 12 patients were augmenters.
 ...
PMID:The exerience of pain in depressed patients. A clinical and experimental study. 123 57

Antidepressant withdrawal symptoms, following abrupt or gradual discontinuation of antidepressants, include general somatic distress (flu-like syndromes, gastro-intestinal disturbances, myalgias, headache, chills, weakness and rhinorrhea), anxiety, agitation, sleep disturbances, movement disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, delirium and manic reactions. Two cases of delirium, an hypomanic reaction and two general distress and movement disorders are reported. Cases 1 and 2 required admission to a general hospital. The etiology of the delirium was difficult to assess as long as the clinicians did not know that patients were taking antidepressants. Case 3 corresponds to the paradoxical activation following antidepressant interruption. Cases 4 and 5 constitutes light withdrawal syndromes. Most of cases are probably unrecognized. These cases reflect the importance in daily practice of the phenomena. It can be concluded from our study that: antidepressants must not be abruptly discontinued when a somatic disease appears. When a patient treated with a psychotropic drug develops delirium, the withdrawal of antidepressant must be suspected and the prescribing physician contacted to know what kind of psychoactive medication was prescribed.
 ...
PMID:[Withdrawal syndrome from antidepressive drugs. Report of 5 cases]. 129 96

Neuroleptic-induced akathisia (NIA) is motor restlessness caused by dopamine receptor blocking antipsychotic agents. Nine patients with NIA and 11 patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) were studied polysomnographically. The sleep disturbances were milder in NIA than idiopathic RLS but increased numbers of awakenings and decreased sleep efficiencies were common to both groups. In addition, RLS patients demonstrated prolonged sleep latencies. Periodic movements in sleep (PMS) were present in only 5 of 9 patients with NIA but in all 11 patients with idiopathic RLS. In no NIA patient did we see the multiple, large amplitude, violent, resting myoclonic jerks of the legs that we saw during wakefulness in some of our more severe cases of idiopathic RLS. NIA patients tended to experience inner restlessness and idiopathic RLS patients tended to experience leg paresthesias as an antecedent to motor restlessness. Idiopathic RLS patients had symptoms that were worse at night and in repose far more frequently than patients with NIA. NIA and idiopathic RLS have similarities and differences. Because both NIA and idiopathic RLS are characterized by motor restlessness and sleep disturbances, the pharmacodynamics of antipsychotic medications may give clues as to both the cause and treatment of idiopathic RLS.
 ...
PMID:A clinical and polysomnographic comparison of neuroleptic-induced akathisia and the idiopathic restless legs syndrome. 168 86

In a pilot study involving eleven terminal tumor patients suffering pain, the effect of monotherapy with oral, slow-release morphine on analgesia, somatogenic components, depression and state of psychic health was investigated. A significant decrease in pain intensity was observed. A significant correlation was found between analgesia and changes in depression. Individual assessment on the basis for the Hamilton Depression Scale revealed a significant association between the treatment of pain and sleep disturbances, depressive states, restlessness and suicidality. In addition, analgesia led to an improvement in general psychic health as indicated by the v. Zerssen scale. A reactive-depressive symptomatology in tumor patients suffering pain can be positively influenced by selective opiate therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Pain therapy and depression in cancer patients]. 169 57


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>