Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085593 (chills)
 4,268 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 24-year-old man with documented histiocytic lymphoma developed a nodular interstitial infiltrate, as shown by chest roentgenograms during a 10-day period of observation. He also developed fever, chills, and purulent sputum. Open-lung biopsy revealed histiocytic lymphoma without evidence of infection. This case demonstrates that lymphoma can cause rapid development of infiltrates observable by roentgenography. Because the infiltrate could be neoplastic or infectious, empiric therapy without an exact diagnosis is not warranted.
 ...
PMID:Rapid development of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in histiocytic lymphoma. 34 71

ImuVert, a new biological response modifier, was evaluated for toxicity and potential efficacy in patients with advanced cancer. This agent consists of sized, labile, natural membrane vesicles associated with ribosomes derived from Serratia marcescens. ImuVert induces enhanced in vitro macrophage and natural-killer-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and has demonstrated antitumor activity in palpable animal tumor systems. A group of 39 patients with a variety of tumors, 25 men, 14 women, with a mean performance status (Karnofsky) of 80% and median age of 57 years were entered into this trial. ImuVert was administered subcutaneously weekly for a minimum of 3 weeks. A total of 183 treatments were evaluated. Flu-like systemic toxicities, including fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and hypotension were observed. Erythema, induration and tenderness developed at the injection sites. Myelosuppression, thrombocytopenia, anaphylaxis, rental and hepatic toxicities did not occur. All symptoms resolved within 24 h. Two patients with nodular lymphoma achieved a partial response and two minor responses were seen in patients with glioblastoma and melanoma. On the basis of ImuVert's biological activity, and tolerable toxicity it warrants further clinical investigation.
 ...
PMID:Phase I trial of ImuVert (natural membrane vesicles associated with ribosomes) in patients with advanced cancer. 139 37

A phase I study with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rhuTNF-alpha; Knoll AG, Ludwigshafen, FRG) in patients with advanced malignant disease was undertaken to evaluate drug toxicity (organ specificity, time course, predictability, reversibility, maximal tolerated dose), effectiveness, antigenicity and pharmacokinetics. TNF was administered as a test dose followed by daily i.v. infusions for 5 days, every 3 weeks (single i.v. infusion lasting 10 min, TNF dissolved in 50 ml 5% human albumin). Dosage was increased in groups of 3 or 4 patients from 0.04 mg/m2 to 0.28 mg/m2. A total of 19 patients with different cancers, including seven large-bowel carcinomas, three chronic myelogenous leukemias, three hypernephromas, two small-cell lung cancers, one malignant melanoma, one malignant lymphoma, one rhabdomyosarcoma and one fibrosarcoma were treated. Major side-effects were chills and fever (maximum 40.4 degrees C, median 38.7 degrees C, 19/19), headache (12/19), nausea and vomiting (12/19) and pronounced (greater than 20%) hypotension (4/19). Acute side-effects could be diminished by paracetamol or indomethacin pretreatment, and with one possible exception no tachyphylaxis to TNF was noted. Mild renal toxicity was seen during TNF treatment. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a serum half-life (t1/2) ranging from 11 min to 17 min for doses from 0.04 mg/m2 to 0.16 mg/m2 and prolonged clearance with t1/2 ranging from 54 min to 70 min in the 0.20-0.28 mg/m2 dose range. No objective antitumor effects were observed in this phase I study.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha in advanced malignant disease. 272 Jul 7

High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) with or without lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells has been reported to have activity in certain solid tumors, but toxicity has usually required hospitalization for administration. The purpose of this trial was to determine the antineoplastic effect and toxicity of IL-2 administered at a lower dose in an outpatient setting. Eligibility criteria included measurable disease, Karnofsky performance greater than or equal to 70%, age greater than 18 years, and adequate bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function. The median age of 35 patients was 56 years (range, 20 to 75). Diagnoses included malignant lymphoma (ML), (nine patients), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (eight), melanoma (eight), colorectal cancer (six), renal cancer (two), and breast cancer (two). The initial 18 patients were treated with 1 mg/m2 (3 x 10(6) U/m2 intravenous [IV] bolus) for five days every other week for a total of 4 treatment weeks (8 weeks total). The subsequent 17 patients were treated with 0.5 mg/m2 (1.5 x 10(6) U/m2). All patients were evaluable for toxicity, and 26 for tumor response. Toxicities included fatigue (71%), nausea (69%), hypotension (54%), fever (51%), chills (40%), weight gain (37%), pruritus or rash (31%), dyspnea (14%), azotemia (6%), confusion (6%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and myocardial infarction (3%). Four patients died from apparently unrelated causes within the first 2 weeks of treatment. Treatment was discontinued before the completion of 8 weeks of treatment because of progressive disease (12 patients), severe hypotension (three), azotemia (one), myocardial infarction (one), early death (four), and miscellaneous causes (two). IL-2 at 1 mg/m2 IV for five days is associated with moderate toxicity, but a dose of 0.5 mg/m2 is tolerable for outpatient administration. Three partial responses (PR) and one minor response (MR) lasting 1 to 17+ months have been observed in 12 patients with ML and CLL evaluable for response. One additional MR was observed in a patient with melanoma. IL-2 deserves further study in patients with ML and CLL.
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of outpatient interleukin-2 in malignant lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and selected solid tumors. 278 39

Major changes have recently occurred in the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of primary lesions of the mediastinum. New diagnostic techniques and improved therapy have led to more objective preoperative diagnoses as well as better long-term results. These features are clearly demonstrated in a series of 400 consecutive patients with primary lesions of the mediastinum seen at Duke University Medical Center. Of these, 99 (25%) had a primary cystic lesion. The primary tumors included thymic neoplasms (17%), neurogenic tumors (14%), lymphoma (16%), germ cell tumors (11%), and a miscellaneous group. Malignant neoplasms were present in 166 patients (42%). The anterosuperior mediastinum was the most commonly involved site of a primary cyst or neoplasm (54%), followed by the posterior mediastinum (26%) and the middle mediastinum (20%). Symptoms were present in 62% of the patients and included chest pain (30%), dyspnea (16%), fever and chills (20%), and cough (16%). Of the lesions found on routine chest roentgenograms, 83% were benign. In contrast, 57% of the lesions in symptomatic patients were malignant. Prior to 1967, 94% of asymptomatic lesions were benign, but this figure has now decreased to 76%. Fifty percent of symptomatic patients had a malignant neoplasm before 1967 compared with 62% after that year. Newer diagnostic techniques have greatly enhanced the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis. They include radioisotopic scanning, monoclonal antibodies, hormonal assay, electron microscopy, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, computed tomographic scans, and magnetic resonance imaging. Each has a definite role and is specifically illustrated as being quite important in this series.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Primary cysts and neoplasms of the mediastinum: recent changes in clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis, management, and results. 282 Mar 23

A clinical phase II study of recombinant human leukocyte interferon A (rIFN-alpha A, Ro 22-8181) for various skin malignant tumors was jointly conducted at nine medical institutes across the country in order to study its clinical effect and side effects. Patients received Ro 22-8181 alone in doses ranging from 3 X 10(6) U/day to 50 X 10(6) U/day either by intramuscular injection or by local injection. Good response was obtained in one (4.8%) of 21 patients treated by intramuscular injection and in 26 (72.2%) of 36 patients treated by local injection. The percentage of good responses achieved by local injection for individual diseases was 55.6% (5/9) for metastatic malignant skin melanoma, 100% (11/11) for cutaneous malignant lymphoma, 100% (5/5) for extramammary Paget's disease, 75% (3/4) for intraepidermal cancer and 50% (2/4) for metastatic skin cancer. Main side effects were fever, anorexia, general fatigue, chills, nausea and vomiting. Abnormal laboratory data included leukopenia, and elevation of GOT and GPT, although their incidence was lower with local injection than with intramuscular injection. Side effects were mostly improved by reduction of the dose or discontinuation of the treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (Ro 22-8181) in skin malignant tumors]. 298 7

Recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) was given to patients with malignancies by continuous daily administration or by intermittent high doses. Local administration was performed for patients with skin malignancy, and bladder and hepatic carcinoma. Among 239 cases eligible for evaluation (144 cases treated by systemic administration and 95 cases by local injection), complete response was observed in one case each of renal cell carcinoma, malignant lymphoma and mycosis fungoides, all treated by systemic administration. Intermittent high doses of rIFN-gamma induced a response rate of 21.4% in renal cell carcinoma. This rate was higher than the 8.6% obtained following continuous administration. Average response rate to local injection of rIFN-gamma in skin malignancies was 55.3%. This value was comparable with that obtained by IFN-alpha treatment. Fever was observed in 89% of the cases treated by systemic administration. Chills, malaise and anorexia were the main side effects. Local injection also induced similar side effects, although the incidence was lower in comparison with systemic administration. Incidence of side effects was higher in the intermittent high-dose group than in the continuous administration group for all items except fever. However, patients showed good tolerance to high doses of rIFN-gamma reaching 40 X 10(6) U/m2/day.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of various malignancies with recombinant IFN-gamma (S-6810). The IFN-gamma Study Group]. 303 Jan 97

A phase I and a phase II study of recombinant gamma-interferon (S 6810) were conducted on a cooperative basis involving 11 and 57 institutions, respectively. In the phase I study, a total of 40 courses were administered to 31 patients. High fever exceeding 38 degrees C with chills was observed in approximately 80%. Other toxicities were fatigue (50%), gastrointestinal symptoms (30-40%), changes in hepatic enzymes, and hematological toxicities (20-30%). Dose-limiting factors were judged to be hypotension, leucopenia and CNS toxicity. Since the optimal dose for the phase II study was considered to be 5 X 10(6) U/m2 by daily chronic schedule, a further study was conducted using this dose. Response rates were as follows: 14.3% (renal cell cancer), 11.8% (multiple myeloma) 40.0% (chronic lymphocytic leukemia), 16.7% (non-Hodgkin lymphoma), and 67% (mycosis fungoides). Complete response was obtained in one case each of renal cell cancer, malignant lymphoma and mycosis fungoides. Moreover, intermittent high-dose gamma-interferon against renal cell cancer induced a response rate of 21.4%, significantly higher than the 8.6% obtained by continuous administration. Local injection against cutaneous malignancies resulted in a 55.3% response rate. Anti-viral effect against herpes zoster infection was also preliminarily evaluated. Among 4 cases, 3 responded subjectively well to local injection of gamma-interferon, which is a hopeful result, although a randomized trial is still needed.
 ...
PMID:[Gamma interferon therapy of cancer patients]. 313 83

Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder resulting from infection by the tick-borne spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Fever, chills, malaise and headaches; a characteristic rash; and subsequent polyarthritis typically herald the onset of this condition. Neurologic involvement may occur with skin and joint manifestations or present alone as meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculopathy known as Bannwarth's syndrome. We report the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical features of four patients who presented with isolated meningitis, cranial neuritis, and painful neuropathy without initial history of specific skin rash or previous tick bite. Initial CSF findings of significant numbers of markedly atypical plasmacytoid mononuclear cells suggested CSF non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma. Immunocytochemical studies on CSF specimens, however, revealed polyclonal surface immunoglobulin patterns consistent with an inflammatory reaction. Follow-up clinical history and/or peripheral blood serologic testing for antibody titers with B. burgdorferi antigen confirmed the diagnosis of Lyme disease in all four cases. We conclude that Lyme disease may present as atypical spinal fluid lymphoplasmacytic cellular infiltrates that simulate malignant lymphoma and that appropriate immunocytochemical studies and peripheral blood serologic testing be performed to establish this diagnosis and direct appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Lyme disease meningopolyneuritis simulating malignant lymphoma. 322 55

Patients with nodular lymphoma initially respond to a number of therapies but relapse is common and inexorable with time, and despite further therapy, most patients will ultimately die of their lymphoma. The recent demonstration of their sensitivity to alpha-interferon is promising. The importance of this human antitumor effect is that it is presumably based on mechanisms different from conventional agents. Phase I trials of various doses and schedules of recombinant alpha-interferon have shown that effective serum levels can be obtained by intramuscular (IM), intravenous (IV), or subcutaneous (SC) routes. Virtually all patients experienced some degree of acute toxicity manifested by fever, chills, myalgia, and headache. Tolerance usually developed to acute adverse effects within the first few weeks of therapy, regardless of dose or schedule. Fatigue and anorexia were the most important adverse reactions, occurring during the first two weeks of treatment and generally persisting for the duration of therapy. Occasional adverse effects relating to the central nervous and cardiovascular systems have been reported. Primary laboratory abnormalities observed during treatment include decreases in hematologic parameters and elevations of liver function tests. The clinical efficacy of alpha-interferon, both natural and recombinant, has been demonstrated in both untreated and heavily pretreated patients with nodular lymphoma. The response rate has approached 50% in recent studies; however, less than half were complete responders. Future directions include combination of interferon with cytotoxic agents or other biological response modifiers and use as adjuvant therapy.
 ...
PMID:Alpha-interferon in the treatment of nodular lymphomas. 354 Dec 18


1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>