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Query: UMLS:C0085584 (encephalopathy)
 18,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study by one individual of 1,200 patients with cat-scratch disease provides a heretofore unavailable realistic evaluation of a common infectious disease. All patients had lymphadenopathy, a prerequisite for diagnosis. Suppuration occurred in 11.8% of patients. Cat contact was established for 99.1%, and the cat was immature in the vast majority. An inoculation site, the most neglected feature in the study of the patients, was detected in 92.6%. The results of a skin test, considered as specific as the standard tuberculin test and to be safe but not standardized, was positive in 99%. The 12 patients with negative skin tests probably were tested too early in the course of the disease to have developed reactivity. Skin tests of 578 family members of patients, who served as controls, gave positive results in 18.5%. Of 60 patients with unusual manifestations, 48 had the oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud. Other manifestations included erythema nodosum, encephalopathy, osteolytic lesions, thrombocytopenic purpura, and erythema marginatum. Most patients in this series had received antibiotics of many types during the course of the disease. None appeared beneficial. The disease is benign in character in a majority of patients. Surgical removal of involved lymph nodes or biopsy of lymph nodes or inoculation sites is not necessary for diagnosis or management. A survey of hospitals in the United States discharging more than 750 pediatric patients annually indicates that cat-scratch disease is a problem in all sections of the country.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease. An overview based on a study of 1,200 patients. 406 8

A case of encephalopathy complicating cat-scratch disease has been described. Neurologic signs manifested by convulstions and stupor appeared ten days after epitrochlear lymphadenopathy. The clinical course gradually improved over the next few days and recovery was complete. The spinal fluid was normal. The skin test with CSD antigen was positive. In all cases of encephalopathy developing within six weeks following the appearance of unexplained lymphadenopathy, the diagnosis of cat-scratch disease should be entertained. The importance of the cat-scratch disease antigen in diagnosis is emphasized.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease with encephalopathy. 735 79

Bartonella henselae can cause cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis, a multisystem disorder seen primarily in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Both of these diseases are associated with neurologic complications, particularly encephalopathy. B. henselae may also cause bacteremia and endocarditis, and has been associated with aseptic meningitis and with dementia in patients also infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Recent advances in identification of this difficult-to-culture organism will lead to recognition of more neurologic complications.
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PMID:Neurologic complications of Bartonella henselae infection. 755 Nov 13

Cat-scratch disease has been associated with a variety of systemic manifestations. We present a case of cat-scratch disease associated with bilateral pleural effusions and encephalopathy in a child. The particular combination of findings reported here may be more ubiquitous than formerly suspected and widen the clinical description of this condition.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease associated with pleural effusions and encephalopathy in a child. 756 42

A 4-year-old girl with status epilepticus and severe encephalopathy associated with cat-scratch disease is described. She had prolonged seizures lasting more than 2 weeks and required treatment with pentobarbital coma. She developed unusual abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging scans that involved the thalami and the cortex of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. She has developed a persistent encephalopathy manifesting as visual disturbance and frequent partial seizures.
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PMID:Unusual MRI findings after status epilepticus due to cat-scratch disease. 806 Apr 32

We report five cases of cat-scratch disease encephalopathy (CSDE), with a brief review of the literature in English, in which only 96 patients of CSDE have been described up to the present. The Gram-negative bacilli demonstrated by Warthin-Starry or Dieterle silver stains are regarded as the causative agent of CSDE. Administration of antibiotics is recommended. The onset of CSDE is usually acute and the prognosis favorable.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease encephalopathy. 819 75

Between August 12 and September 27, 1994, five children in South Florida were hospitalized at a single hospital because of encephalopathy, presenting as status epilepticus, associated with cat-scratch disease (CSD). Diagnoses were confirmed by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test to detect antibody to Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of CSD. These cases represent the first cluster of CSD encephalopathy cases to be recognized in the United States. The patients lived within 7 miles of each other and all reported contact with pet or stray cats before developing regional lymphadenopathy and encephalopathy. All recovered fully. A high proportion of 124 cats from the local area were seropositive (62%) or bacteremic (22%). This study suggests that B. henselae can be associated with geographically focal clusters of CSD encephalitis and should be considered in the evaluation of children with acute encephalopathy.
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PMID:Cluster of five children with acute encephalopathy associated with cat-scratch disease in south Florida. 858 13

Bartonella (Rochalimaea) henselae is a common cause of cat-scratch disease. This newly identified bacterium is also the cause of several other clinical syndromes, including bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatitis and splenitis, and acute and relapsing bacteremia. A high percentage of young cats carry B. henselae. Fortunately, serious complications of B. henselae infections are rare in immunocompetent patients. Cat-scratch disease is usually a self-limited illness that does not necessarily require antibiotic therapy. Severe or persistent cases respond well to several antibiotics, including erythromycin and doxycycline. Cat-scratch disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of serious neurologic disease, particularly when regional lymphadenopathy develops suddenly in a previously healthy patient who owns a cat. Treatment of uncomplicated central nervous system disease is generally supportive. Antibiotic therapy is reserved for patients with atypical or severe involvement, including encephalopathy and retinitis. Other internal and cutaneous manifestations of B. henselae infection have recently been described. These potentially life-threatening infections respond well to antibiotic therapy, even in immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease and related clinical syndromes. 910 5

In 2 boys aged 8 years and 10 months, respectively, uncommon manifestations of cat scratch disease were seen. The first patient had acute encephalopathy: coma and generalized tonic-clinic convulsions. The second patient was presented with fever and peripheral lymphadenopathy in combination with hypodense lesions in the liver on ultrasound. Diagnosis was established on the clinical picture and the positive results of serological testing of antibody titres for Bartonella henselae. Both patients recovered completely within 2 months.
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PMID:[2 patients with atypical manifestations of cat-scratch disease]. 915 99

We present a case of cat-scratch disease in a 9-year-old girl, complicated by encephalopathy and seizures. Bartonella (formerly Rochalimaea) henselae is the causative agent in cat-scratch disease; methods now available for detection of this pleomorphic, gram-negative bacterium, including polymerase chain reaction amplification and indirect fluorescence antibody testing, may lead to changes in standard criteria used to verify a diagnosis of cat-scratch disease.
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PMID:Cat-scratch encephalopathy. 978 92


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