Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085584 (encephalopathy)
 18,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Expression of adhesion proteins on human microglial cells was studied by immunocytochemistry. Both microglial cells and peripheral blood monocytes expressed beta 2 integrins and molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily at similar levels whereas the expression of the beta 1 integrins (alpha 2-VLA (very late antigen), alpha 4-VLA, alpha 5-VLA, alpha 6-VLA) was higher on microglial cells than on monocytes. Stimulation of microglial cells with interleukin-1 alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, the main cytokines detected in HIV1-infected central nervous system (CNS), increased the microglial expression of alpha 1-VLA, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and beta 2-LFA-1 (leukocyte-function-associated molecule-1) but not of alpha L-LFA-1. Such an induction of adhesion molecules could facilitate penetration of HIV1-infected monocytes into brain parenchyma and their adhesion to CNS cells, and could maintain a chronic inflammation during human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV1) encephalopathy.
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PMID:Adhesion proteins on human microglial cells and modulation of their expression by IL1 alpha and TNF alpha. 844 77

Twenty seven patients with transitory global amnesia (TGA) in acute and remote (after 7 and more days) stages and 31 dyscircular encephalopathy patients with subjective memory disturbances (control group) have been examined. According to electroencephalographical (EEG) data and wave P300 cognitive evoked potential evaluation, the differences in the beta 1-activity between these groups have been found. beta 1-Activity expression on EEG correlated in different ways with latent P300 periods, increasing together with latent period (r = 0.43) in control group and decreasing in TGA (r = -0.23). The most distinct, changes were expressed in central cerebral regions. The authors hold that the relationship between changes of EEG and cognitive evoked potential in acute and remote TGA stages, as well as in control group, indicate functional character of TGA syndrome, being unrelated to cerebral structure damage.
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PMID:[Neurophysiological characteristics of transitory global amnesia syndrome]. 1176 10

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and Chloride channel-3 (CLC-3) are critical for inflammatory response, cellular proliferation and apoptosis in hippocampus neurons. However, the relationship between CLC-3 and TGF-beta/TGF-beta Receptor II (RII) pathway in diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is unknown. In this study, both diabetes rat model and diabetes cell model were employed to elucidate the mechanisms involved. The increased expressions of CLC-3 and TGF- beta RII with cognitive impairment were observed in diabetic rats. The most obvious reduction on the survival of HT22 cells was at 10 ng/ml or 15 ng/ml TGF- beta stimulation, while the expressions of CLC-3 and TGF-beta RII were significantly increased under high glucose condition. Moreover, the study showed that CLC-3 antagonists had no apparent effect on up-regulated TGF- beta RII, but TGF- beta 1 inhibitors could reduce the up-regulated CLC-3 under high glucose. Results from the present study indicated that CLC-3 and TGF- beta signals might be related to cognitive disorders. The CLC-3 might be modulated by TGF- beta /TGF- beta RII signaling pathway during the development of DE.
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PMID:TGF-beta/TGF-beta RII/CLC-3 axis promotes cognitive disorders in diabetes. 3046 68