Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085584 (encephalopathy)
 18,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiment studies were performed on rats that were administered mercury chloride sublimate with a special gastric cannule in a single 6 mg dose for four consecutive days. As a result of the investigations some changes in the phosphates and esterases activity were revealed. The diminution of AcP, AIP, ATP-ase and AChE activity as well as in the increase in TPP-ase activity in the neurocytes, and also the appearance on NsE activity in many oligodendrocytes was observed. The fall in ATP-ase activity was, above all, observable in cerebral and cerebellar capillaries, which is, in the authors opinion, a manifestation of enzymatic damage to the blood-brain barrier due to a toxic action of mercuric chloride. In the discussion attention was drawn to differences in the degree of enzymatic activity between a mercuric chloride intoxication and that with mercurous chloride, as well as attempt was made to explain the pathogenetic mechanism of this phenomenon. Furthermore, notice was brought to the fact that in the course of sublimate encephalopathy no changes are observed in BuTJ activity.
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PMID:Phosphatases and esterases activity in the brain following an acute sublimate intoxication. 19 75

Nine patients with organophosphorus (OP) intoxication developing neuromuscular transmission defects were given pancuronium 1, 2, or 4 mg intravenously (IV). Thirteen patient controls with hypoxic encephalopathy received similar dosages. The responses were monitored electrophysiologically using single and repetitive nerve stimulation (20 and 50 Hz). In OP patients, pancuronium did not alter the amplitude of the single CMAP, whereas its repetitive discharges were reduced. Severe neuromuscular blocks were reversed only partially by pancuronium 4 mg. In less severe blocks, 1 and 2 mg resulted in marked improvement. In the patient controls, pancuronium 4 mg induced a severe neuromuscular block but not with 1 and 2 mg. Pancuronium dosages necessary to reverse severe OP-induced neuromuscular blockade produce a neuromuscular block when AChE activity is normal. Low dosages have little effect on normal neuromuscular transmission, but improve the block to a mild degree and may be useful as part of treatment in OP intoxications.
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PMID:A quantitative study of the pancuronium antagonism at the motor endplate in human organophosphorus intoxication. 764 75

Enzyme activity changes in reagent and neoplastic glia are examined. In the case of reagent glia, considerably increased ADPase, ATPase and AMPase values have been observed in experimental elective parenchymal necrosis in the rat, in hypertrophic astrocytes from recent plaques in multiple necrosis, in demyelinisation associated with cyanide encephalopathy, and in reagent astrocytes surrounding tumours and arteriosclerosis sites. Depressed ATPase values have been observed in experimental oedema, as compared with increased TPPase in human oedema. BuChE and ChE activity disappears in both oligodendro- and astroglia near old cerebral infarct sites, whereas there is marked BuChE activity peripherally to multiple sclerosis plaques and in areas of phenylpyruvic oligophrenia demyelinisation. In neoplastic glia, ADPase is clearly evident in malignant gliomas, ATPase is related to the extent of the cell body, AMPase is positive in medulloblastoma cell cytoplasm and beta-glucuronidase increases in anaplasia. Above-normal ChE activity has been observed in astrocyte tumors, while BuChE is greater than that of AChE. Phosphorylase reaction is intense in astrocytoma and in glioblastoma giant cells. Phosphoglucomutase values are below-normal in tumours, except in the case of ependymoma, while both phosphohexoisomerase and hexokinase display increased activity in atypical forms.
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PMID:[Histochemical demonstration of glial enzyme activity. II. Reagent and neoplastic glia]. 1734 Aug 8