Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085584 (encephalopathy)
 18,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 5-year-old boy with glioblastoma relapsed soon after postoperative irradiation in combination with temozolomide. Second-line chemotherapy was also ineffective; therefore, the bevacizumab and irinotecan were given after a third gross-total resection of the tumor. Treatment was interrupted for 1 month due to development of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, but was re-initiated at a lower dose of bevacizumab with prolonged intervals between treatments. The patient was alive and disease free 2 years after initial diagnosis. Bevacizumab and irinotecan are a promising regimen for pediatric cases of recurrent glioblastoma after gross-total resection, although the optimal treatment schedule must be determined on a patient-by-patient basis.
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PMID:Long-term efficacy of bevacizumab and irinotecan in recurrent pediatric glioblastoma. 2571 Dec 58

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is one of many causes of status epilepticus (SE). Itis defined classically as a clinical radiographic entity, characterized by presentation of headache, altered mental status, visual disturbances, seizures, and typical neuroradiographic findings of symmetrical white-matter edema. Predisposing conditions include uncontrolled hypertension, eclampsia, and use of chemotherapeu- tic and immunosuppressant agents. Bevacizumab (Avastin), a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is used in a combination with FOLFOX [FOL - Folinic acid; F - Fluorouracil (5-FU); OX - Oxaliplatin] as a first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. We present a case of a 52-year-old male on systemic chemotherapy with FOLFOX and bevacizumab who presented with SE and was diagnosed with PRES. His symptoms resolved with intensive control of blood pressure and discontinuation of chemotherapy. Bevacizumab-induced vasospasm, endothelial and blood-brain-barrier dysfunction, in combination with elevated blood pressure, were likely the underlying mechanism of PRES in our patient.
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PMID:Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Presenting as Status Epilepticus: A Case Report and Literature Review. 2978 83

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an increasingly recognizable neuro-clinical syndrome. Clinical and neurological manifestations of PRES include hypertension, headache, encephalopathy, seizures, and symmetrical white matter changes on brain MRI. Most common precipitants of PRES are acute medical illness, hypertensive crisis, eclampsia, immunosuppressive therapy, and chemotherapy. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that halts angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor. It has gained widespread popularity in oncology world especially for metastatic and recurrent cancers due to its inherent ability to stop angiogenesis; a vital step for tumor growth. Bevacizumab has also been implicated as the cause of PRES due to dysregulation of the blood-brain barrier. We are reporting a case of PRES induced by Bevacizumab in a patient of colorectal cancer.
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PMID:Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after bevacizumab therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. 2991 51