Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085584 (encephalopathy)
 18,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six forms of reversible adverse reactions to adenine arabinoside (vidarabine) were observed in a two-year period among 42 patients (19 of whom had lymphomas, leukemias, or other malignancies) who were treated for complicated infections with varicella-zoster or herpes simplex virus. Six patients received placebo. Ten patients received 10 mg of adenine arabinoside/kg per day; three received 15 mg/kg; 22 received 20 mg/kg; and one received 30 mg/kg. Patients were treated (by continuous intravenous injection) for an average of seven days. Toxic effects were nausea and vomiting, weight loss, weakness (often with impaired ambulation), megaloblastosis in erythroid series in bone marrow, tremors five to seven days after the start of therapy (including tremors in one patient with abnormal electroencephalograms that were consistent with toxic-metabolic encephalopathy), and thrombophlebitis at the intravenous site. Side effects clearly predominated in patients who received 20 mg/kg per day. Therefore, treatment with 10 mg/kg per day appears preferable until the relation of toxicity to dosage level can be clarified.
 ...
PMID:Toxicity of adenine arabinoside in humans. 18 Jan 99

Eleven patients with portal hypertension were treated with subcutaneous transposition of a resected spleen. In eight of the patients the operation was performed after variceal bleeding. In this group there was one operative mortality--a 77-year-old woman. Another patient died after 28 months in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Autopsy showed varices in the gastric fundus and a cancer in the cardia. The other six patients are alive and in good health after 41--60 months. The operation was performed in another three patients, who had not bled. The indication was hypersplenism and esophageal varices in two and severe thrombocytopenia in one. Two of these patients (both with advanced hepatic disease) died postoperatively. The operation is proposed as an alternative method in the treatment of portal hypertension--especially when the main problem is hypersplenism. The operation has no negative effects on liver function and does not cause encephalopathy. Hypersplenism is cured. The survival time and freedom from postoperative bleeding among those who bled preoperatively is in the present material very satisfactory. However, the operation cannot be recommended for the prophylactic treatment of patients with esophageal varices who have not bled--at least not in the patient with advanced hepatid dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:Subcutaneous transposition of the spleen: a method for treatment of complications in portal hypertension? 31 Feb 86

Bismuth encephalopathy mainly affects chronic constipation sufferers. The case described, which is practically identical, should be considered (in the absence of constipation) within the context of resection for cancer. The responsibility of bismuth, suggested in five similar cases by Burns and colleagues, is here confirmed by the blood, C.S.F. and urine levels. The mechanism of encephalopathy and the possibility of a failure to eliminate bismuth affecting these levels are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Myoclonic encephalopathy due to bismuth following colectomy. Apropos of a case]. 122 85

About 15% of patients with cancer have cerebrovascular lesions, resulting from 4 kinds of disorders sometimes intermingled in advanced disseminated cancer: coagulation disorders, direct effects of the tumor, infections and therapeutic measures. Infarction, hardly less frequent than hemorrhage, mostly complicates lymphoma and carcinoma. Hypercoagulation states, such as chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, and nonmetastatic cerebral venous thrombosis account for about 50% of cases. Tumor emboli, as seen in intravascular malignant lymphomatosis, arteritis related to aspergillus, granulomatous angiitis with or without herpes zoster and radiation-induced atherosclerosis are rarer. Cerebral hemorrhages, excluding bleeding from the metastases of choriocarcinoma and melanoma are mainly associated with leukemia by acute disseminated intravascular coagulation as in promyelocytic leukemia, by leukostasis or by pancytopenia. Both infarction and hemorrhage rarely reveal the neoplasia. Lesions are often small and disseminated, and therefore produce a picture of diffuse acute or subacute encephalopathy rather than acute focal deficits. Finally, there may be no relationship between the cerebrovascular event and the neoplasia, and atherosclerosis or traumatic subdural hematoma may well be the causal factor.
 ...
PMID:[Cerebrovascular complications of cancers]. 130 55

A 52-year-old man who presented symptoms compatible with paraneoplastic limbic encephalopathy (PLE) was found to have small cell lung cancer. Antineoplastic therapy resulted in complete remission. Because the neuropsychiatric symptoms are potentially reversible, it is important to recognize these symptoms as a manifestation of malignancy so that treatment can be instituted.
 ...
PMID:Paraneoplastic limbic encephalopathy as a nonmetastatic complication of small cell lung cancer. 132 33

We reviewed clinical findings and serologic data on 18 men and three women with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) associated with Hodgkin's disease (HD). The patients were 20 to 77 years old (median, 44). The lymphoma preceded neurologic symptoms by 1 to 54 months in 17/21 patients, but stage or activity did not correlate with severity of neurologic disease; six developed PCD while in HD remission. PCD evolved subacutely (over weeks to months) and was pancerebellar in most. Ten had downbeat nystagmus. Thirteen stabilized in a disabled state (wheelchair- or bed-bound), five stabilized ambulatory, and three, who had progressed to a nonambulatory state, recovered. The clinical findings were usually only cerebellar but one patient had an encephalopathy, three long-tract signs, and two sensory neuropathy. Plasmapheresis (seven patients) and corticosteroids or other immunosuppressant medication (eight patients) did not help; one improved dramatically after treatment with clonazepam. Two patients improved spontaneously. Six patients had serum antibodies that reacted specifically with Purkinje cells. The pattern was distinct from that of PCD with gynecologic cancer (anti-Yo) or small-cell lung cancer (anti-Hu). Western blotting failed to identify a discrete Purkinje cell antigen. Seropositive patients did not differ clinically from their seronegative counterparts. HD-associated PCD is more common in men and in a younger age group than in PCD with other malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. II. Clinical and immunologic findings in 21 patients with Hodgkin's disease. 140 76

The incidence of portal vein thrombosis was examined in 885 patients who received orthotopic liver transplantations for various end-stage liver diseases between 1989 and 1990. The thrombosis was classified into four grades. Grade 1 was thrombosis of intrahepatic portal vein branches, grade 2 was thrombosis of the right or left portal branch or at the bifurcation, grade 3 was partial obstruction of the portal vein trunk, and grade 4 was complete obstruction of the portal vein trunk. Among the 849 patients without previous portosystemic shunt, 14 patients (1.6%) had grade 1, 27 patients (3.2%) had grade 2, 27 patients (3.2%) had grade 3 and 49 patients (5.8%) had grade 4 portal vein thrombosis. The incidence of portal vein thrombosis was highest (34.8%) in the patients with hepatic malignancy in the cirrhotic liver, followed by those with Budd-Chiari syndrome (22.2%) and postnecrotic cirrhosis of various causes (15.7%). The patients with encephalopathy, ascites, variceal bleeding, previous splenectomy and small liver had significantly higher incidences of portal vein thrombosis than the others. The total incidence of portal vein thrombosis among the 36 patients with previous portosystemic shunt was 38.9%, which was significantly higher than that (13.8%) of those without shunt.
 ...
PMID:The incidence of portal vein thrombosis at liver transplantation. 142 58

Urinary infections caused by Staphylococcus are attributed usually to Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus saprophyticus. 8 cases of urinary infection due to S. haemolyticus are discussed: 5 adults all of them over 66 years, diagnosed respectively of diabetes, cancer and stroke. Three children diagnosed of febrile syndrome, encephalopathy and enterocolitis associated with urinary infection. S. haemolyticus was identified through the determination of 19 biochemical parameters. The antibiograms performed showed that all S. haemolyticus isolated were sensible to vancomycin, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. It is concluded that S. haemolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen that is present on immunodepressed hosts, that is why is advisable to perform a more in-depth characterization of the S. epidermidis isolated in urine, especially in persistent pathologic processes.
 ...
PMID:[A Staphylococcus haemolyticus study in urinary infections. An analysis of 8 cases]. 162 88

To ascertain the range of neurological problems in patients with systemic cancer, we prospectively evaluated neurological symptoms, neurological diagnoses, and primary tumors in all patients with a history of systemic cancer examined by the Department of Neurology at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, from Jul 1, 1990, to Dec 31, 1990. Of the 815 patients seen for neurological symptoms, less than half (45.2%) had metastatic involvement of the nervous system. The three most common symptoms were back pain (18.2%), altered mental status (17.1%), and headache (15.4%). The most common neurological diagnosis was brain metastasis (15.9%), followed by metabolic encephalopathy (10.2%), pain associated with bone metastases only (9.9%), and epidural extension or metastasis of tumor (8.4%). Of 133 patients with undiagnosed back or neck pain, 44 (33%) had epidural extension or metastases from tumor and 40 (30%) had pain associated with vertebral metastases only. In 15 (11%) the cause for the back pain was unrelated to metastatic disease. Of 132 patients seen on initial consultation for altered mental status, metabolic encephalopathy was the major neurological diagnosis (80; 61%); 20 (15%) had intracranial metastases. Of 97 patients with undiagnosed headache, 59 (61%) had a nonstructural cause. Fifty-three of these patients had either migraine, tension headache, or headache related to systemic illness (e.g., fever, sepsis). These results indicate that even in patients with systemic cancer, a group particularly prone to developing neurological disease that can be diagnosed radiologically, the role of clinicians remains important in helping distinguish noncancer-related and nonmetastatic neurological problems.
 ...
PMID:The spectrum of neurological disease in patients with systemic cancer. 163 35

A case report deals with an observation of a 58 year old woman with small-cell cancer of the lung metastasizing to regional lymph nodes. Quickly and early before any manifestation of the underlying fatal illness a paraneoplastic encephalopathy developed with psychiatric and neurological signs of cerebellar ataxia and secondary epilepsy.
 ...
PMID:[Unusual paraneoplastic encephalopathy in a case of bronchogenic carcinoma]. 165 17


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>