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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Secretion of insulin, glucagon, gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) at basal and test meal stimulation conditions were investigated in 17 patients with essential hypertension (EH) before and after 12 months of treatment with prazosin and in 10 healthy subjects. Before prazosin therapy, patients with EH differ from healthy subject higher insulin and gastrin but lower PP secretion after test meal stimulation. 12 month therapy with prazosin enhanced insulin and suppressed gastrin secretion stimulated by test meal in comparison to the pretreatment values. Prazosin therapy did not influence significantly glucagon and PP secretion. Our results suggest, that long term prazosin treatment markedly influenced insulin and gastrin secretion in patients with EH.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Jan
PMID:[Effect of long term prazosin treatment on secretion of insulin, glucagon, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide in patients with essential hypertension]. 847 41

Chronic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with depressed contractile performance, abnormal compliance of the chamber, and ultimately, the development of a left ventricular failure. Thus the presence of LVH carries a particularly ominous prognosis in patients with essential hypertension. Finally, regression of LVH appears to be a worthwhile goal of an antihypertensive therapy along with blood pressure control. Of particular importance, is whether the functional derangements associated with hypertrophy will also be reversed. The present study was undertaken to determine whether antihypertensive therapy reduced ventricular mass, and whether these changes were accompanied by improved diastolic function. 47 patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension were divided into two groups. Group I--included 21 patients whose blood pressure responded to nifedipine monotherapy. Group II--included 26 patients whose normalization of blood pressure required combined therapy with nifedipine and metoprolol. 40 healthy volunteers comprised a control group. To assess the effects of antihypertensive therapy on the heart, left ventricular mas (LVM), systolic and diastolic function, by M-mode, 2-D and pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography had been evaluated. Measurements were performed before therapy and every 3rd month during first year, and every 40th month during the second year of observation. RESULTS. At baseline all hypertensive patients had significantly increased LVM compared to the controls. Indexes of systolic function in studied patients were normal, while indexes of LV diastolic filling were significantly abnormal compared to the controls. In the group treated with nifedipine, starting from the 9th month of observation, small but significant decrease in posterior wall thickness was noted but LVM did not change during the whole time of the observation. Similarly, there was no significant change in indexes of left ventricular diastolic filling. Contrary to patients treated with nifedipine, in group of patients treated with combination of nifedipine and metoprolol, significant reduction of LVM and improvement of LV diastolic filling was observed. Of particular interest was the fact, that improvement in diastolic, performance appeared earlier, and preceded regression of LVM. Most striking was the improvement in Ev/Av ratio which increased by 16% after 6 months and by 35% after 24 months of the therapy. CONCLUSION. 1. Combined therapy with nifedipine and metoprolol contrary to monotherapy with nifedipine alone, results in the regression of left ventricular mass and the improvement of left ventricular diastolic function. 2. Improvement of left ventricular diastolic function appears earlier, preceding the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1995 Jul
PMID:[The effect of hypotensive drugs on left ventricular mass and diastolic function]. 852 99

The tests have been conducted on 44 women in 3rd trimester of pregnancy. 30 of them were the women with a normal course of pregnancy, and 14 were the ones with the primary hypertension. The blood serum has been tested for the concentration of triglycerides, phospholipids, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL- cholesterol, alpha, beta and pre-beta lipoprotein fractions. The results have been calculated statistically. It has been found that the increase in the concentration of triglycerides (p < 0.001), and the beta lipoprotein fraction (p < 0.004) was essentially higher in the women with the primary hypertension in 3rd trimester of complicated pregnancy in comparison to those values observed in the healthy pregnant women. At the same time a lower concentration of alpha lipoproteins (p < 0.02) has been observed in the group of the pregnant with the primary hypertension. Differences between the concentration of other parameters have not obtained statistical significance.
Ginekol Pol 1995 Feb
PMID:[Concentration of lipids and lipoproteins in serum of pregnant women with primary hypertension]. 857 77

The study was carried out in 42 healthy men--control group and in 21 patients with borderline essential hypertension. It was found that the patients differ in hemodynamics from the control group. The group patients as a whole show significantly higher blood pressure, lower plasma volume and shorter total transit time compared with normotensive men. Division the patients on the renin subgroups revealed significant difference. High renin patients had hyperkinetic circulation. Patients with normal renin had significantly elevated total peripheral resistance. These results suggest that renin-angiotensin system no played an essential role in pathogenesis of borderline hypertension.
Pol Tyg Lek 1995 Sep
PMID:[Renin subgroups in borderline hypertension]. 865 34

This article analyses the changes of arterial blood pressure and heart rate (HR) in 120 patients with essential hypertension during two successive exercise tests. Before and during the tests, the patients did not take any hypertensive drugs. The obtained measuring results at exercise tests and restitution were the basis for the calculating regression equations. Then the results were analyzed statistically (p < 0.05) and clinically (drop or increase of arterial systolic blood pressure value (SAP) or/and diastolic (DAP) by 5 mmHg, and HR by 5 beats per minute). The HR response was comparable in both test for all tested groups both in exercise and restitution periods. For the additional sex division the HR value in all subgroups women was lower in the second test and satisfies the condition of statistic and clinical significance. In the second test SAP was lower only in the group of mild pressure and in the group without organ changes (stage I WHO) during exercise. At restitution periods the SAP values were lower in all the tested groups with the exception of the group with borderline hypertension. DAP was lower in the second test in all the tested groups both in exercise test and in the restitution period. It is also shown that the quantity of DAP difference in the second test is the greater, the higher value of DAP at restitution is.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 Apr
PMID:[Evaluation of arterial blood pressure and heart rate during exercise tests in patients with essential hypertension in different stages of hypertension]. 875 38

Positive correlation between blood pressure and insulin is well established in patients with essential hypertension. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between fasting plasma insulin level and ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) in patients with chronic renal failure. The study group consisted of 20 patients (11 females, 9 males, mean age 39 +/- 12 years) on chronic haemodialysis (mean 2.5 years). Fasting plasma insulin (FPI) was measured by radioimmunoassay. The patients were investigated before and after haemodialysis. FPI significantly increased after haemodialysis from 18.4 +/- 12.0 to 40.1 +/- 31.9 mIU/l (p < 0.01), while creatinine concentration decreased from 1158 +/- 130 to 910 +/- 159 mumol/l (p < 0.001). Night-time systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly lower during the day of haemodialysis (141.9 +/- 19.6 mmHg vs. 136 +/- 27.7 mmHg, p < 0.05). 24-hour and daytime SBP was nonsignificantly lower after haemodialysis. 24-hour diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly lower during the day of haemodialysis (92.9 +/- 12.5 mmHg vs. 87.3 +/- 14.3 mmHg, p < 0.05), as well as daytime (94.9 +/- 12.1 mmHg vs. 88.8 +/- 14.6 p < 0.05) and night-time DBP (88.9 +/- 16.0 mmHg vs. 83.8 +/- 17.4 mmHg p < 0.05). FPI was found to be significantly negatively correlated with 24-hour, daytime and night-time SBP on the day of haemodialysis (r = -0.63, p < 0.005; r = 0.64, (p < 0.005 and r = -0.54, p < 0.05, respectively). The significant negative correlation between FPI and 24-hour SBP suggests that insulin could reveal its hypotensive effect after the haemodialysis.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 Apr
PMID:[Significant negative correlation between fasting plasma insulin and ambulatory blood pressure in patients on chronic hemodialysis]. 875 39

The association of the polymorphisms of two candidate genes with essential hypertension was studied in 74 hypertensive and 118 normotensive subjects. Two restrictions endonucleases were used: PstI for the insulin receptor gene and PvuII for the apolipoprotein B gene. PstI RFLP in the INSR gene locus consists of two polymorphic alleles P1 (1800bp) and P2 (1500bp). Frequencies of these alleles in general population are 0.15 and 0.85 respectively. The results showed statistically significant association between P1 allele and homozygotus genotype P1P1 for the INSR gene and essential hypertension. Clinical data of homozygotus P1P1 individuals revealed earlier clinical onset and more severe course of the disease. PvuII RFLP in the apoB gene locus consists of two polymorphic alleles Pul (7900bp) and Pu2(5500 bp). Frequencies of these alleles in general population are 0.93 and 0.07 respectively. In the apoB gene analysis Pu1 and Pu2 allele frequencies were similar in both studied groups. However the higher frequency of homozygotus genotype Pu1Pu2 was observed in hypertension.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 Mar
PMID:[Polymorphic variability of apolipoprotein B genes and insulin receptor in essential hypertension]. 875 50

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been recently characterized as a circulating vasoconstrictor peptide which is co-stored with noradrenaline in sympathetic neurons. To investigate the role of NPY concentration in hypertension we measured the circulating NPY, endothelin-1,2 (ET-1,2), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), aldosterone, plasma renin activity (PRA) and noradrenaline (NA) in patients with stable mild to moderate primary hypertension. Circulating levels of NPY, ET-1,2, ANP, aldosterone and PRA were measured with radioimmunoassay, NA by double-isotope radioenzymatic assay. There were significant increase in concentrations NPY, ET-1,2, ANP and NA in patients with moderate primary hypertension, and significant positive correlations between the plasma levels of NPY, ET-1,2 and NA.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 May
PMID:[Concentration of neuropeptide Y in serum of patients with primary hypertension]. 884 9

Cardiac function was evaluated in rest and after exercise on a cycloergometer in 20 patients with essential hypertension (EH) aged 14 to 19 years and 12 age-matched healthy volunteers. Selected parameters of ECHO examination and mitral flow were assessed, including SV, CO, CI, %SF, EF, LIVDd, IVSd, LVPWd, LVMI, total peripheral vascular resistance, ESS, velocity of wave E. A and E/A index. In all cases, serum ET1 and NPY levels were measured in rest and after exercise, before and after 6-month enalapril therapy. The ETI serum level in hypertensive patients did not differ from controls, while the NPY level was significantly higher in hypertensives. Exercise did not affect the ETI serum concentration, however, it did increase the NPY level. Enalapril therapy had no effect on serum peptide concentrations. Correlation of the ETI serum level with ECHO parameters, including CO, Cl, SV, LIVDd, LVPWd, %SF, TPRI and wave E velocity, as well as correlation of NPY concentration with LIVDd, LVPWd, LVMI, ESS and wave E and A velocity may suggest that these peptides influence left ventricle function and structure disturbances in children with EH.
Pediatr Pol 1996 Sep
PMID:[Vasoactive peptides, endothelin 1 and neuropeptide Y, and total peripheral vascular resistance in children with essential hypertension]. 892 85

Clinical and experimental investigations indicate that one of the causes of primary hypertension may be diminished membrane sodium efflux. Magnesium is thought to be one of necessary factors that influence normal sodium membrane efflux and thereby maintains correct membrane gradient and potential. The aim of the study was to determinate the influence of intravenous 25% magnesium sulphate infusion on arterial pressure and sodium leukocyte membrane efflux in subjects suffering from primary arterial hypertension. The measurements were performed in 43 hypertensive patients. All patients have been divided into two groups: first-23 subjects with mild hypertension (5 women aged 32 to 50 years and 18 men aged 22 to 58 years), second-20 subjects with moderate hypertension (7 women aged 41 to 60 years and 13 men aged 28 to 65 years). The control group consisted of 31 healthy volunteers (9 women aged 37 to 55 years and 22 men aged 21 to 60 years). After venous catheter has been placed in cephalic vein standard supine arterial pressure measurements and venous blood were obtained in every person. Infusion of 20 ml 25% magnesium sulphate dissolved in 500 ml 5% dextrose was administered during 60 minutes. Again measurements were obtained after the infusion all. Arterial blood pressure was also measured 6 hours after infusion. In our investigation we proved that infusion of 20.3 mmol. of magnesium in patients with primary hypertensive disease enhanced total and furosemide-dependent but not oubain-dependent sodium membrane efflux. It did not also influence neither systolic nor diastolic arterial pressure. The greatest enhancement of total and furosemide-dependent sodium membrane efflux was observed in persons who had the greatest enhancement of magnesium blood concentration.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 Jul
PMID:[Influence of magnesium on rate of sodium transport through lymphocyte membranes in patients with hypertension]. 896 40


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