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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of a single 20 mg sublingual dose of nifedipine on function of proximal tubule of nephron in patients with essential hypertension was studied by measuring changes in renal excretion of water, sodium, uric acid and beta-2-microglobulin (B2m) after nifedipine administration. Fifteen patients at the mean age of 40.1 +/- 7 years, with mild to moderate essential hypertension were studied. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure as well as heart rate (HR) were recorded every hour. Urine was sampled over 60-min, four times. The first two periods were regarded controls and the last two periods followed the administration of a 20 mg sublingual nifedipine dose. Blood samples were taken 1 h before and 1 h after that. Sodium, uric acid, B2m and creatinine in urine and plasma were determined. Nifedipine caused a significant fall in SBP and DBP (p < 0.001) and a marked increase in HR (p < 0.001). Diuresis, sodium (CNa) and uric acid (Cua) clearances were significantly increased (p < 0.001). Similarly, fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) was higher (p < 0.01). B2m excretion (UB2m) showed a two fold increase after nifedipine administration (p < 0.01). A positive correlations were found between the changes in CNa and Cua (r = 0.835, p < 0.001) and between the changes in UB2m and CNa (r = 0.747, p < 0.001). The results indicate that nifedipine induces an increase in diuresis, natriuresis and excretion of uric acid and B2m. These findings and the relationship between the changes in UB2m and Cua proves effect of nifedipine on proximal tubular function.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1994 Mar
PMID:[Effect of nifedipine on proximal tubular function in patients with essential hypertension]. 802 26

The aim of the study was to investigate the plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), its association with age, sex, essential hypertension, infarct localization, complications of AMI, infarct size, left atrial and ventricular chamber sizes and therapy of AMI. I studied 40 pts (9 female, 31 male, mean 56.9 + 10 years) with first AMI up to 6 hours onset the first symptoms (mean 2.4 + 1.2 hours). The ANP concentration was measured at the time of admission to the hospital (ANP 0) and at time 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 hours after admission (ANP mean). Arrhythmias was assessed by 24 hour ecg Holter monitoring. Infarct size was assessed by serial CK-MB measurement in first 72 hours of AMI. Contractility disturbances and left atrial and ventricular chamber sizes was assessed by echocardiography. The average plasma concentration of ANP was significantly elevated (28.1 +/- 4.3 fmol/ml). The mean ANP concentration was significantly higher in pts with essential hypertension than in pts without hypertension (36.1 + 7.7 vs 21.7 + 4.2 fmol/ml). The ANP concentration in pts with inferior myocardial infarction was significantly higher than in pts with anterior myocardial infarction (32.1 + 6.1. vs 20.9 + 4.1 fmol/ml). The ANP mean in pts with complications of AMI (congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, reinfarction, death) was significantly higher than in pts without complications (49.5 + 13.3 vs 21.6 + 7.1 fmol/ml). I observed positive correlation between plasma ANP and left atrial chamber sizes (r = 0.59) and diastolic ventricular dimension (r = 0.56).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Oct
PMID:[Atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. 812 91

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a new selective alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocker doxazosin on blood pressure, serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension. The study was done in 32 out-patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension (22 men and 10 women, mean age 45.6 +/- 10.1). After 2-week placebo period the patients were given doxazosin in increasing doses from 1 to 8 mg daily for 6 to 14 weeks (mean daily dose 2.24 +/- 1.6 mg). Twenty-nine patients completed the study. The active treatment caused highly significant drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressure both in supine and standing positions. No orthostatic hypertension was noted. There was also a statistically significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and increase in the positive prognostic lipid indicators. HDL3-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels as well as HDL/total cholesterol ratio. Accordingly, the statistically significant decrease of the so called atherogenic index was noted. The drug was well tolerated and only one patient dropped from the study because of side effects. The authors conclude that doxazosin appears to be an effective and well tolerated antihypertensive drug with a favorable effect on lipid metabolism. It may be particularly useful in hypertensive patients with coexisting lipid abnormalities.
Kardiol Pol 1993 Feb
PMID:[Doxazosin (alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist) used in primary hypertension and it's beneficial effect on lipid metabolism]. 823 Sep 80

Non-invasive automatic 24-h indirect monitoring of blood pressure was performed in two groups of young males - group S - 55 men with positive family history of essential hypertension (EH) (mean age 24.6 +/- 3.6 years) and group K - 11 men with negative family history of EH (23.5 +/- 3.7 years). Circadian blood pressure variations were studied in two-hour periods throughout 24 hours. The curves of the blood pressure profiles in groups S and K had similar shape. The mean systolic blood pressure estimated for each of the two-hour periods was higher in group S than in group K in the corresponding period. Mean diastolic blood pressure estimated for each of the two-hour periods was higher in group S than in group K in almost all periods of the daily activity. These results indicate that young males with positive family history of EH have higher blood pressure than young males with negative family history of EH. This stable disregulation of blood pressure is present not only during day-time activity but also during sleep.
Kardiol Pol 1993 Sep
PMID:[Young men with a positive family history of hypertension have higher values in a circadian blood pressure profile]. 823 Oct 15

Ketanserin, a serotonin-2-receptor antagonist, was administered to 16 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in randomized single-blind placebo controlled study. After 2 weeks of placebo administration ketanserin 60 mg daily was given for 3 weeks. In 7 patients the normalization of blood pressure was obtained and they were given the same daily dose of ketanserin for another 3 weeks. In the remaining 9 patients the dose of ketanserin was increased to 120 mg daily for the same period; in one additional case blood pressure decreased to normal. In the whole group the decrease of diastolic pressure was statistically significant comparing to placebo period. Ketanserin therapy did not influence serum free serotonin concentration, but the hypotensive effect was greater in patients with lower serotonin blood levels. Serum aldosterone concentration decreased in the initial period of treatment; the decrease was more pronounced in patients who responded to therapy. In this subgroup of patients diastolic blood pressure correlated positively with plasma renin activity. Ketanserin lowered serum adrenaline concentration, particularly in patients with good response to therapy. There was also decrease of total cholesterol concentration without any significant changes in HDL--cholesterol fraction. The authors conclude that oral chronic ketanserin treatment is an effective therapy in essential hypertension and that its effectiveness is greater in patients with lower serum serotonin levels. The hypotensive effect of the drug may be connected with lower sympathetic activity and with changes in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Ketanserin is well tolerated and exerts beneficial effect on lipid metabolism.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Aug
PMID:[Influence of chronic ketanserin therapy on blood pressure and certain humoral and metabolic factors in patients with mild to moderate primary essential hypertension]. 824 51

Serum uric acid and oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) renal excretion of uric acid and oxypurines as well as plasma adenosine deaminase activity and AMP deaminase activity were studied in 18 patients with essential hypertension and in 17 healthy subjects. The aim of the study was to evaluate uric acid production rate in essential hypertension. Serum uric acid was significantly higher (7.04 +/- 2.03 mg% = 370.5 +/- 106 mumol/l; p < 0.01) in essential hypertension in comparison with control group (5.2 +/- 1.0 mg% = 275.0 +/- 51.9 mumol/l) and plasma oxypurines were increased insignificantly. Impairment of fractional excretion of uric acid (p < 0.05) was found in patients with essential hypertension. Plasma adenosine deaminase activity and plasma AMP deaminase activity did not differ in the studied groups. Increased production of uric acid does not contribute the incidence of hyperuricemia in essential hypertension. The results suggest that tubular defect of oxypurines excretion similar to that of uric acid exists in patients with essential hypertension.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Mar
PMID:[Value of oxypurines and uric acid in plasma, renal excretion of oxypurines and uric acid as well as plasma adenosine deaminase and AMP deaminase activity in patients with essential hypertension]. 832 72

The subject of the work is to assess the clinical parameters and diastolic function in patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension after 5-month treatment with guanfacine 0.5-3 mg/day, mean 1.7 mg. In the group there were 8 women and 8 men, mean age 53.7 +/- 7.6. The diastolic function of the left ventricle was assessed from the echocardiographic M-mode paper sweep of the left ventricle by the method of Gibson and Brown. In clinical parameters systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure was found to decrease significantly, the heart rate was unchanged. Essential improvement of the markers of relaxation was received while amelioration of filling was not significant. The before treatment data were compared with the similar ones of the 60 persons of the control group. The significant differences were found in values of blood pressure, markers of relaxation and indices Iv and Ip.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Indices of left heart ventricle relaxation after 5-months of hypotensive therapy with guanfacine]. 836 74

Serum adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline (NA) were measured by RIA method in two groups of young males: group S (n = 54) with positive family history of essential hypertension (EH) and group K (n = 9) with negative family history of EH (mean age: 24.6 +/- 3.3 i 23.6 +/- 3.6 years respectively). AD and NA concentrations were estimated in basic conditions (AD1, NA1) and after 10 min of passive vertical posture(AD2, NA2). In group S AD1 concentration was higher than in group K (54.4 +/- 24.4 i 37.8 +/- 15.6 pg/ml respectively, p < 0.05). In group S a positive correlation was found between mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean heart rate (HR) estimated during 5-hours monitoring by Spacelab IGR 5300 ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate monitoring system (r = 0.5, p < or = 0.01). Pearson's correlation coefficient (Pcc). In this same group positive correlations were also found between AD2 and SBP - r = 0.31, p < 0.05 (Pcc) and between AD2 and HR: r = 0.33, p < 0.05 (Pcc). Results of 5-hours blood pressure monitoring showed that 15 of 54 males from group S had SBP > 139 mmHg (group S1). In group S1, AD1 and AD2 concentrations were higher than in group K (AD1: 366 +/- 144; 206 +/- 85, p < 0.01 and AD2: 626 +/- 266; 369 +/- 156 fmol/ml, p < 0.05 respectively). No differences were found in AD1, AD2, NA1 and NA2 concentration between group K and normotensive (SBB < 140 mmHg) males with positive family history of EH: group S2. In young males with positive family history of EH, the elevation of blood pressure might be caused by an augmented activity of the adrenal medulla.
Kardiol Pol 1993 Jun
PMID:[Augmented activity of the adrenal medulla in young men with positive family history of essential hypertension]. 836 52

The aim of this work was an evaluation of the effect of the acute hypervolemia induced by 90 min intravenous infusion of 1500 ml 0.9% NaCl (16.7 ml/min) on blood pressure, plasma concentration of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), aldosterone (ALDO), plasma renin activity (PRA) in patients with essential hypertension on the normal, low and high sodium intake. Twelve patients with noncomplicated essential sodium-sensitive arterial hypertension participated in the study. Sodium chloride infusions were performed three times: first--on the fifth day of normal daily sodium u intake (110-120 mmol/day), second--on the fifth day of low sodium intake (10-20 mmol/day), third--on the fifth day of high sodium intake (200-220 mmol/day). Acute intravenous sodium chloride load induced a significant increase of the mean arterial pressure (MBP) only when the patients were on the high sodium diet. This increase of the MBP was associated with a significantly lower increment of plasma ANP, cGMP, lower decrement of ALDO and PRA when compared to normal- or low- sodium intake. The results suggest an impairment of the adaptive homeostatic mechanisms induced by an acute intravenous sodium load in patients with noncomplicated salt-sensitive essential hypertension ingesting high-sodium diet.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Feb
PMID:[Effect of intravenous sodium chloride load on levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and 3'5' guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in plasma of patients with uncomplicated sodium-sensitive arterial hypertension maintained on different dietary sodium intake]. 838 45

Regulation of renal erythropoietin (EPO) production has not yet been clearly established in physiologic as well as in pathologic conditions. Recent studies suggest a possible role for renin-angiotensin system in control of EPO production. An elevation in blood pressure occurs commonly in patients with various forms of anaemia treated with recombinant human EPO. Furthermore it has been found that EPO can alter secretion of hormones engaged in regulation of intravascular fluid volume and vascular resistance. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with essential hypertension (EH) and healthy subjects differ in EPO secretion and whether EPO serum level is related to renin response to dietary sodium restriction and upright position of the body. 63 patients with EH and 12 healthy subjects were investigated. Patients with EH were divided into subgroups on the following criteria: renin response to dietary sodium restriction and upright position of the body. 63 patients with EH and 12 healthy subjects were investigated. Patients with EH were divided into subgroups on the following criteria: renin response to dietary sodium restriction and upright position of the body and severity of existing hypertension. In all subjects haematocrit value, haemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte count, sodium, potassium, creatinine, iron, ferritin serum levels, total iron binding capacity, plasma renin activity (PRA), erythropoietin serum level and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were measured in basic conditions (normal sodium diet). Additionally PRA, EPO and MAP were measured after dietary sodium restriction for three days and upright position of the body for three hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Kardiol Pol 1993 Jul
PMID:[Relation between erythropoietin production and plasma renin activity in patients with essential hypertension]. 841 37


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