Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Xipamide is a diuretic derived from salicylic acid and has a structural resemblance to chlorthalidone. Its pharmacodynamic profile shows a diuretic efficacy is similar to that of frusemide (furosemide) at doses up to 40 mg, but the onset and duration of action are comparable to those of hydrochlorothiazide. Xipamide has been studied mostly in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension, with few controlled studies of its use in oedematous states. The efficacy of xipamide 20 to 40 mg once daily in patients with mild to moderate hypertension is comparable to that of bendrofluazide 5 mg, bumetanide 1 mg or hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg when used alone in newly treated or previously treated patients. The addition of xipamide 20 to 40 mg daily to regimens containing beta-blockers, adrenergic neuron-blocking drugs and/or methyldopa has resulted in a further reduction in blood pressure. A few studies in oedematous states suggest that xipamide 40 to 80 mg is comparable in efficacy to equal doses of frusemide, and that the side effects of hypokalaemia, hyperuricaemia and increased blood glucose in diabetics or latent diabetics are similar to those of other diuretics. Thus, xipamide is a suitable alternative to other diuretics in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension and combines the efficacy of frusemide with a less abrupt action in the treatment of oedema.
 ...
PMID:Xipamide. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. 390 33

The aim of the HOT Study (Hypertension Optimal Treatment) was to determine the optimal diastolic blood pressure decrease and to assess the effect of the acetyl salicylic acid as a primary prevention on the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. The HOT Study is an open, prospective, randomised, international trial with blinded end points. This study included 18,790 patients, 50 to 80 years old (mean 61.5 years) in 26 countries (1,574 patients in France) with a primary hypertension (100 < or = PAD < or = 115 mmHg). The patients were randomised in 3 target diastolic blood pressure: < or = 80 mmHg (n = 6,262), < or = 85 mmHg (n = 6,264), < or = 90 mmHg (n = 6,264). The felodipine LP, a long acting dihydropyridine, was selected as a first line therapy, other hypertension drugs combined if necessary. The lowest incidence of cardiovascular events was observed at a diastolic blood pressure level of 82.6 mmHg. There was no increased risk below this level even in the hypertensive patients with medical history of coronary heart disease or stroke. In the diabetic population, the diastolic blood pressure decrease from 90 to 80 reduced the incidence of the major cardiovascular events by 51%. The acetyl salicylic acid reduced the myocardial infarction risk in the blood pressure well-controlled population.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of intensive antihypertensive treatment and of aspirin in a low dose in the hypertensive. The HOT (Hypertension Optimal Treatment) study]. 1048 68

Currently, there is no specific medication for essential hypertension (EH), a major form of the condition, in man. As acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) is reported to stimulate the synthesis of renal (r)-cortexin, an anti-essential hypertensive protein, and, as aspirin is reported to inhibit dermcidin isoform 2 (dermcidin), a causative protein for EH, the role of aspirin in the control of EH in man was studied. Oral administration of 150 mg aspirin/70 kg body weight in subjects with EH was found to reduce both the elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures to normal levels within 3 h due to the normalization of dermcidin level in these subjects. The plasma cortexin level at day 0, 1, 30 and 90 were 0.5 pmol/ml, 155.5 pmol/ml, 160.2 pmol/ml, 190.5 pmol/ml respectively with increased NO synthesis (r=+0.994). In vitro studies demonstrated that the incubation of the goat kidney cortex cells with aspirin stimulated (r)-cortexin synthesis due to NO synthesis. It could be suggested that the use of aspirin might control EH in man.
...
PMID:The Effect of Acetyl Salicylic Acid Induced Nitric Oxide Synthesis in the Normalization of Hypertension through the Stimulation of Renal Cortexin Synthesis and by the Inhibition of Dermcidin Isoform 2, A Hypertensive Protein Production. 2532 96