Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of serotonin (5-HT) in blood pressure (BP) regulation was reviewed. Central and peripheral 5-HT receptors can be divided into three receptor subtypes: 5-HT1 (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C), 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors. The selective agonists and antagonists of these receptor subtypes are useful for investigating the BP regulation by 5-HT. The central 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) produced hypotension and decreases in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). This suggests that central 5-HT may cause decreases in both BP and SNA via 5-HT1A receptors. Since the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin, which has an antihypertensive effect, decreased SNA and the 5-HT2 agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) increased SNA, central 5-HT2 receptors may be connected with the 5-HT-induced increases in both BP and SNA. On the other hand, ketanserin's antihypertensive effects via its 5-HT2 receptor blocking action in the vascular system indicates that peripheral 5-HT may contribute to the initiation or the maintenance of elevated vascular resistance in several forms of hypertension including essential hypertension. However, ketanserin also possesses alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking action, and its precise antihypertensive mechanism has not been established. Further study of the antihypertensive mechanism of ketanserin will help clarify the precise role of 5-HT in BP regulation.
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PMID:[Serotonin and blood pressure regulation--antihypertensive mechanism of ketanserin]. 257 64

Neurotransmitter receptors, located on the nerve terminal from which this transmitter is released, are termed presynaptic autoreceptors. Evidence for their existence and functional role has been obtained by experiments carried out in vitro and in vivo. For example, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, cholinergic and GABAergic neurons are endowed with presynaptic autoreceptors mediating a negative feedback loop. These receptors play a physiological role in the fine regulation of transmitter release in the peripheral and/or central nervous system, and, thus, may modulate any function controlled by the respective neurones. The physiological role of inhibitory or facilitatory autoreceptors for peptide cotransmitters on, e.g., noradrenergic and serotoninergic neurones is less well established. Alterations of the number or responsiveness of autoreceptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases which are related to a disturbed function of the respective neurones in the peripheral or central nervous system. As an example, the potential importance of autoinhibitory alpha 2-adrenoceptors and autofacilitatory beta 2-adrenoceptors (activated by the cotransmitter adrenaline; both receptors located on sympathetic nerve fibres) and of autoinhibitory presynaptic 5-HT1B receptors (located on central serotoninergic nerves) in the development of essential hypertension is discussed. Autoreceptors may play a role in the therapeutic effect of currently available drugs, and it is probable that new classes of drugs which act predominantly via this site will be developed.
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PMID:Role of autoreceptors in the function of the peripheral and central nervous system. 300 7