Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three atmospheric pollutants are discussed: Sulfur dioxide (SO2) acts as irritant gas on upper airways, trachea and large bronchi. Bronchoconstriction by SO2 is enhanced during work. Dose-response correlation may be observed with SO2 concentrations and bronchial hyperreactivity. Deaths and morbidity rates of patients with COPD parallel peaks of SO2 concentration such as occurred in the 1956 London smog. The mechanisms involved seem to be the same in cross sectional as in long term SO2 effects on human airways. Ozone (O3) is a major irritant pollutant. O3 penetrates deeply into the small airways, kills the macrophages and promotes infections. As peroxide it ruptures the cell membranes and thus lipogenases arise. Neutrophil leukocytes are attracted and transit into the peribronchiolar tissue, an enrichment which may be stopped in hydroxy-urea treated dogs. A marked correlation is observed between peribronchiolar tissue neutrophilia and bronchial hyperreactivity. This may even be a new pathway in the physiopathology of bronchial asthma. Lead is a constituent of exhaust particles and is easily absorbed into the blood. As in the case of drinking-water lead or otherwise absorbed lead, blood lead levels may be markedly reduced by adequate preventive measures. Diastolic and systolic blood pressures correlate significantly with the blood lead level. A further decrease would lower the incidence of myocardial infarctions, strokes and essential hypertension.
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PMID:[Air burden and respiratory and vascular diseases]. 389 59

Molsidomine, coronary drug which acts similar to organic nitrates, belongs to the drug class of sydnones . SIN-1A metabolite of Molsidomine has pharmacologically active group of NO, which by increasing levels of cGMP, decreases levels of intracellular calcium ions in smooth muscle cells. This effect leads to relaxation of smooth muscle vasculature, inhibits platelets aggregation and has indirect antiproliferative effect. In clinical observations no effect of tolerance to the drug was observed. Experimental data show additional mechanism of action of the drug: SIN-1C metabolites protects the reoxygenated cardiomyocyte from post-reperfusion damage. Indications for use of Molsidomine are: ischaemic heart disease, chronic heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Effects of Molsidomine use in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina were compared in clinical trials to effects of nitroglycerin use. Both drugs were found equally potent, but authors underline the fact of better Molsidomine tolerability comparing NTG, but longer serum half-time of Molsidomin effects that control of the treatment is worse. In clinical trials it was suggested that intravenous use of Molsidomine metabolite SIN-1 during PTCA procedures is more effective than use of isosorbide dinitrate in the same procedures. In other clinical trials molsidomin was found to produce beneficial effects in patients with heart failure due to ischaemic cardiomyopathy, dilatative cardiomyopathy, in essential hypertension, pulmonary artery hypertension in COPD patients and in congestive heart failure.
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PMID:[Molsidomine: importance in treatment of circulation disorders]. 1022 68

A 81-year-old man who had medical treatment for both COPD and essential hypertension was admitted to our institution for evaluation of shadows of a mass in the right upper field on chest X-rays. The tumor was 3.0 cm in diameter on chest CT and diagnosed to be bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma on the basis of findings of bronchoscopic brushing. The thoracoscopic wedge resection was undergone for cT1N0M0 lung cancer in the high-risk patient. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged one month after the operation. He is now doing well without relapse of cancer a year and half after the operation.
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PMID:[A case treated with thoracoscopic wedge resection for cT1N0M0 lung cancer complicated with both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypofunction of left ventricle in a octogenarian]. 1121 74