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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and hemodynamic components were studied in 23 patients with essential hypertension treated with oral pindolol or propranolol. These beta-adrenergic blocking agents effectively lowered the blood pressure in the majority of the patients. Although plasma renin activity was not significantly changed, the higher was the pretreatment level, the more it tended to be decreased. Systemic vascular resistence was significantly decreased, while changes in cardiac index and circulating blood volume were variable. Pindolol showed less effect in reducing the heart rate than propranolol. The antihypertensive effect of these drugs had no correlation with the change in plasma renin activity or in any one of hemodynamic components.
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PMID:Effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents on the blood pressure, plasma renin activity and hemodynamics of hypertensive patients. 1 42

A correlation study between the antihypertensive effect and the plasma level of pindolol was performed in 10 patients with permanent essential hypertension. Pindolol was given orally (20 mg/day) during 9 days. The highly significant fall in blood pressure (delta SBP and delta DBP) is directly correlated negatively correlated, to the pretreatment pressure (p less than 0.02 for deltaSBP and p less than 0.05 deltaDBP) and negatively correlated to the pindolol plasma level (P less than 0.001 for delta SBP and p less than 0.05 for delta DBP). Multiple regression analysis shows, for delta SBP, a stronger influence of plasma level than of basal blood pressure. These results suggest that pindolol could have a specific effect in some hypertensive patients.
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PMID:[The relation between anti-hypertensive action and plasmatic concentration of pindolol. Preliminary study]. 32 92

In a double blind study including 24 patients with essential hypertension the beta-blocking agent Timolol showed a mild antihypertensive effect. These patients had been pretreated with hydrochlorothiazid to which they responded already with a significant lowering of their blood pressure before Timolol was added. The effect of Timolol equals the effects of Pindolol and Alprenolol. We also found a suppression of the plasma-renin-activity under Timolol. This effect did not correlate with the degree of blood pressure reduction. There were no side effects noted except for a lowering of the pulse rate about which some of the patients complained and which is typical for beta blocking agents without intrinsic symphaticomimetic activity. According to our results this new beta blocking agent for antihypertensive therapy has very much the same properties as the other beta-blocking drugs already in use.
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PMID:[Antihypertensive therapy with a new beta-blocking agent Timolol. Double blind study and comparison with Alprenolol and Pindolol (author's transl)]. 33 3

Pindolol was given for 12-15 consecutive weeks to 35 patients for the treatment of essential hypertension. Significant blood pressure reductions were achieved in the group of 28 patients who completed the trial, as tested by the Wilcoxon pair test. There was no difference in antihypertensive effect between a three times a day and a twice a day administration schedule. The incidence of side-effects was not affected by the change in dosage or schedule.
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PMID:Treatment of essential hypertension with pindolol. 34 23

A double-blind cross-over comparison of the antihypertensive actions of alprenolol and pindolol in equipotent doses was carried out in 22 patients with moderately severe essential hypertension. No other drugs were allowed. Ten patients were in WHO grade I, and 12 in grade II. The average initial pressures, similar after both the first and second 4-week placebo periods, were 175/116 mm Hg standing and 175/109 mm Hg supine. These pressures were decreased significantly by each beta-blocking drug, and about equally in both positions. An average reduction, using both 2-month treatment periods, was -13/-7 mm Hg with alprenolol, and with pindolol it was -23/-13 mm Hg. Both systolic and diastolic normotension (less than 160/100) in the supine position occurred in 45% of the patients when treated with alprenolol and in 64% with pindolol. With diastolic normotension alone the figures were 59% and 82% respectively. Rather low daily doses of 400 mg alprenolol and 20 mg pindolol were effective; increasing the doses to the average final levels of 533 mg alprenolol and 25 mg pindolol resulted in just negligible further pressure reductions. There were no serious side effects or complete resistance. Pindolol reduced the resting heart rate significantly in spite of its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Two aspects emerging from this study have clear practical implications. The twice-daily dosage, used here purposefully, of both alprenolol and of pindolol reduces effectively blood pressure, and increases patient convenience. Heat failure was not induced even in those 12 patients with cardiac involvement, including 5 with clear-cut radiological left ventricular enlargement.
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PMID:Twice-daily pindolol and alprenolol in essential hypertension of moderate severity. 77 90

A multi-centre general practitioner assessment of pindolol, a beta adrenergic blocking drug, was carried out in 464 patients with essential hypertension. The average daily dose was 21 mg and the average period of observation was 15 weeks. Pindolol was shown to be a safe, effective and well tolerated hypotensive agent. In 227 new cases of hypertension, 148 (65.2%) were controlled on pindolol alone, and in 237 previously treated cases of hypertension 91 (38.4%) were subsequently controlled on pindolol alone. In the remaining cases the addition of a diuretic or other antihypertensive agent was necessary to achieve satisfactory control. The mean blood pressure was lowered from 190/111 mmHg to 154/90 mmHg, a mean fall of 36/21 mmHg. Side-effects were not of a serious nature.
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PMID:The use of pindolol in the treatment of essential hypertension: a multi-centre assessment. 100 82

On the basis of echocardiographic investigations changes were analysed of certain haemodynamic parameters in 40 patients aged 21-50 years, mean 44 years, with primary arterial hypertension in stage II according to WHO classification. All patients were randomly chosen to receive for 6-9 weeks propranolol 120-480 mg daily, mean dose 280 mg, or pindolol 10-35 mg daily, mean dose 22 mg daily. The changes developing during the treatment with both drugs in relation to the initial values included the mean arterial blood pressure, the heart rate, the index of cardiac output and the systolic left-ventricular tension. In the studied patients treated with propranolol the heart rate and the ejection volume were decreased more than during pindolol treatment. Propranolol increased evidently the total peripheral vascular resistance and decreased the ejection fraction and the mean velocity of shortening of the circumferential fibres. Pindolol decreased slightly the peripheral vascular resistance and increased the ejection fraction and the mean velocity of shortening of the circumferential fibres. Pindolol, in relation to propranolol, had a more favourable effect on haemodynamics in patients with primary hypertension.
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PMID:[Effect of the treatment with propranolol and pindolol on selected hemodynamic parameters in patients with primary arterial hypertension]. 270 Oct 39

The effects of 12 weeks' administration of the beta-blocker pindolol (5 mg twice daily) on serum lipids, apolipoproteins (apo), and lipoproteins were studied in 20 normolipidemic patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (WHO I-II). Pindolol significantly increased both high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) was significantly decreased. Apo A-II levels were increased significantly and the apo B/apo A-I ratio, which is one of the atherogenic indexes, was decreased significantly after pindolol therapy. Total cholesterol, HDL subfraction cholesterols, the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, triglycerides, apo A-I, apo B, apo C-II, apo C-III, and apo E did not change significantly.
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PMID:Effects of pindolol on serum lipids, apolipoproteins, and lipoproteins in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. 273 68

The effect of beta-blockade was studied in 3 different kinds of human hypertension: borderline, sustained and isolated systolic hypertension. Young patients with borderline hypertension had a similar decrease in cardiac output with both nonselective and selective beta-blockade. Only nonselective beta-blockade decreased brachial artery blood flow and increased forearm vascular resistance. In patients with sustained essential hypertension, chronic administration of 2 nonselective beta-blockers, propranolol and pindolol, caused a similar significant decrease in blood pressure with different effects on forearm circulation. Pindolol produced a significant vasodilation of both large and small arteries of the forearm while propranolol did not. In patients with isolated systolic hypertension, short-term beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol had different effects according to age. In younger patients, propranolol significantly decreased systolic pressure with a concomitant increase in rapid ventricular ejection. In older patients, a lack of systolic pressure reduction was observed with an increase in total peripheral resistance and a decrease in systemic arterial compliance. The results suggested that beta-adrenergic blockade in hypertension may affect blood vessels with different effects, according to age, to the characteristics of hypertension and to the specific properties of the beta-blocking agent. The vascular effects involve not only resistive vessels but also large arteries.
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PMID:Effects of beta-adrenergic blockade on the arterial vasculature in essential hypertension. 287 78

1. In recent years evidence has accumulated which indicates that although various beta-adrenoceptor antagonists are equally effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension the mechanisms of action of the different drugs are heterogeneous. 2. Pindolol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with pronounced intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) appears, to some extent, to act via peripheral vascular mechanisms. 3. Following prolonged treatment with pindolol in essential hypertension peripheral vascular resistance at maximal vasodilatation has been found to be decreased compared with the pretreatment values suggesting that the structural vascular changes characteristic of established hypertension may be reversible.
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PMID:Reversibility of structural changes in the resistance vessels in hypertension: a review of studies with pindolol. 332 35


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