Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 196 adult patients with chronic renal disease or primary hypertension, the evaluation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by means of creatinine clearance, 'predicted' creatinine clearance and [125I]-iothalamate clearance was performed. Iothalamate clearance was evaluated after subcutaneous injection of the substance . In patients with normal or upper borderline plasma creatinine values, the iothalamate clearance ranged from 44 to 117 ml/min/1.73 m2 and the overestimation of GFR from creatinine clearance was negligible. In patients with mild or advanced renal failure, the overestimation of GFR from creatinine clearance increased up to 18 and 32%, respectively. The clinical usefulness of iothalamate clearance is evident especially in patients with mild renal failure, in whom an accurate evaluation of GFR is often important for a correct dietary and therapeutic approach.
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PMID:125I-iothalamate and creatinine clearances in patients with chronic renal diseases. 49 7

High dietary Na+ raises mean arterial pressure (MAP) by more than 10% in salt-sensitive (SS) patients with essential hypertension. To test whether the rise in MAP in these patients is caused by a Na(+)-linked increase in [Ca2+]i in vascular smooth muscle cells, we measured [Ca2+]i in the lymphocytes of 14 patients with essential hypertension kept on a Na+ intake of 20 mEq/day for 9 days, and 200-mEq/day for 14 days. Nifedipine gastrointestinal transport system (GITS) (30 mg/day) was given during the last 4 days of each diet. We isolated lymphocytes on Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and measured [Ca2+]i levels using Fura-2 fluorescent dye. During low Na+ intake, there was no difference in MAP (102 +/- 3.5 v 93 +/- 3.8 mm Hg) and in lymphocytes [Ca2+]i (80 +/- 3.0 v 87 +/- 5.4 nmol/L) between the seven salt-sensitive and the seven salt-resistant patients. During high Na+ intake, MAP (92 +/- 2.8 mm Hg) and [Ca2+]i (85 +/- 6.8 nmol/L) did not change in salt-resistant patients. On the contrary, MAP (115 +/- 3.4 mm Hg) and [Ca2+]i (130 +/- 11.1 nmol/L) increased significantly (P less than .01) in the salt-sensitive patients. Nifedipine did not significantly alter MAP and [Ca2+]i in both groups of patients during low Na+ and in salt-resistant patients during high Na+ intake. On the contrary, during high Na+ intake, nifedipine decreased significantly (P less than .01) both MAP (104 +/- 2.4 mm Hg) and [Ca2+]i (89 +/- 5.7 nmol/L) in salt-sensitive patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of dietary sodium intake on intracellular calcium in lymphocytes of salt-sensitive hypertensive patients. 128 47

The acute renal effects of intravenous tertatolol were studied in eight patients with moderate essential hypertension: the study included a 100 mmol/day sodium intake during 3 days. Then, tertatolol was infused after a water load during 2 consecutive periods of 30 min (priming dose followed by constant infusion) in order to obtain plasma concentrations of tertatolol at 2 different levels: 10 ng/ml, then 40 ng/ml successively; the measurements were obtained at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. The renal plasma flow (RPF) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were calculated from the 131I-Hippuran clearance and the 125I-Iothalamate clearance respectively; a bladder catheter allowed a precise urine collection. The results indicate that intravenous tertatolol, at low dose, induced a marked and early renal vasodilatation; higher dose of tertatolol attenuated the vasodilator response, probably because of a decrease in cardiac output (suggested by the decrease in heart rate); thus, the systemic effects would hide the direct renal hemodynamic effects of tertatolol. Natriuresis and kaliuresis were unchanged by intravenous tertatolol.
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PMID:[Renal effects of intravenous tertatolol in essential arterial hypertension]. 197 29