Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two adult Nigerians with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension were included in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial matching nifedipine 20 mg twice daily with placebo for 6 weeks. Nifedipine caused very significant reductions of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in all patients. Blood pressure fell from a mean of 181.3 (SE 3.9)/114.7 (SE 2.4) to 122.8 (SE 1.9)/79.4 (SE 1.6). Mean arterial pressure fell from a mean of 136.75 (SE -2.2) to 94.19 (SE -1.39). Polyuria was a common side effect in six of the 16 patients who received nifedipine. One additional patient developed transient occipital headache. Nifedipine monotherapy would appear to be an effective first-line drug in the management of essential hypertension in adult blacks.
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PMID:Monotherapy with nifedipine for essential hypertension in adult blacks. 242 59

Cilazapril (CIL), a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, was evaluated for 16 weeks in 29 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (diastolic pressure 95 mm Hg to 115 mm Hg). Twenty-four patients (83%) normalized their blood pressure (BP) (diastolic pressure less than 90 mm Hg), 11 with low-dose CIL, six with high-dose CIL, one with high-dose CIL plus low-dose thiazide, and six with high-dose CIL and high-dose thiazide. Three withdrew because of side effects (fatigue, bloating, and polyuria). Statistically significant reductions in sitting and standing systolic and diastolic pressures occurred at 8 and 16 weeks on CIL. There was no change in standing or sitting heart rate, white blood cell count, creatinine clearance, urine protein levels. This is the first long-term data on this new converting enzyme inhibitor in human beings.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of cilazapril, a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. 297 Aug 56

Dopamine concentration, a marker of the sympathetic discharge additional to norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, was determined in 31 patients. These patients, mostly women, had essential hypertension and hypertensive episodes that mimicked pheochromocytoma, except that the patients were rather plethoric (instead of pale) and often had associated nausea, epigastric discomfort, and polyuria. During and after hypertensive paroxysms, plasma free norepinephrine and epinephrine levels did not increase, but we found a mean eightfold and 16-fold increase of free and sulfated plasma dopamine levels, respectively, and similar although less marked dopamine level increases in the urine collected following the paroxysm. The hypertensive paroxysms, spontaneous or precipitated by stimulation of the autonomic nervous system, were similar to those described by Page as simulating diencephalic stimulation. Dopamine level may be a marker of the sympathetic discharge, undetected by measurements of free norepinephrine level, and may explain some clinical features of Page's syndrome.
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PMID:Episodic dopamine discharge in paroxysmal hypertension. Page's syndrome revisited. 371 27

A 41-year-old woman, who presented with (apparent) essential hypertension, was treated with atenolol and candesartan. This treatment, however, was unsuccessful. After the addition of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) to the combination, she developed hypokalaemia with muscle cramps and weakness. This hypokalaemia persisted for more than 4 weeks after discontinuation of HCT and starting potassium suppletion. As a result of polyuria (> 4000 ml/day) found in a 24-hour urine collection, it was discovered that the patient drank at least 3 litres of liquorice tea a day. She had denied eating liquorice sweets, a well-known cause of hypertension in the Netherlands, but no one had thought of asking her if she drank liquorice tea. Blood pressure and serum potassium normalized about 2 months after she stopped drinking liquorice tea, and medication was withdrawn. In a patient presenting with hypertension and hypokalaemia, who denies eating liquorice sweets, one should consider the consumption of other products containing liquorice such as liquorice tea. In the Netherlands liquorice tea is increasingly popular and has recently become available on a large scale. Therefore more cases such as the one described may be expected in coming years.
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PMID:['Licorice hypertension' also caused by licorice tea]. 1133 59