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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of our study was to describe anatomical variability of the root entry zone (REZ), also called the Obersteiner-Redlich zone, that represents the "junction zone" of glia and Schwann sheath of the cranial nerves. This zone has some clinical implications. The pulsatile compression of REZ by a vessel may produce clinical symptoms, such us trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, glossopharyngeal neuralgia torticollis spasmodicus or even symptoms of essential hypertension when a vascular cross compression of REZ of a left vagus nerve is present. The vessel--cranial nerve contact in the skull base cysterns may be visualized in radiologic examinations, most accurately in magnetic resonance imaging. Because, we cannot distinguish the REZ from the rest of the vagus nerve in radiologic examinations we decided to measure the length of its REZ. The microanatomical study of the length of REZ zone of the vagus nerve was performed on 21 nerves taken from 17 human brain stems (12 men, 5 women, 14 left, 7 right), fixed with 8% buffered formalin solution. Paraffin embedded tissue was cut into 10-micron-thick sections parallel to the nerve longitudinal axis and stained with hematoxilin & eosin. Each of the nerves showed the presence of a zone of oligodendrocyte myelination, mean length 2 +/- 0.3 mm. In 17 nerves the transitional zone formed a cone-like process, in 4 nerves was shaped irregularly. The length of REZ (oligodendrocyte myelination plus "glial dome") had the mean length 3.5 +/- 0.9 mm.
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PMID:Measurements of the Obersteiner-Redlich zone of the vagus nerve and their possible clinical applications. 1050 81

Microvascular decompression (MVD) proved to be the method of choice in treating trigeminal neuralgia, facial hemispasm, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and torticollis spastica. So did MVD for the left rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata and glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves in association with primary arterial hypertension. Five patients with primary essential hypertension were treated with MVD. During a longer follow-up, 75% of the patients had lowered blood pressure. In 2 patients, MVD was performed for trigeminal nerves due to ipsilateral trigeminal neuralgia. This paper presents and analyzes the clinical findings in these 5 patients and discusses the global state-of-the-art of MVD for arterial hypertension.
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PMID:[Microvascular decompression as a treatment of essential hypertension]. 1260 41

Since Dandy first reported vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve, the concept of neurovascular compression syndrome for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm (HFS) has been accepted, and neurovascular decompression has been performed for this condition. The further investigations indicated that some other clinical syndromes such as glossopharyngeal neuralgia, disabling positional vertigo, tinnitus, geniculate neuarlgia, spasmodic torticolis, essential hypertension, cyclic oculomotor spasm with paresis and superior oblique myokymia also may be initiated by vascular compression of the glossopharyngeal, cochleovestibular, intermediate, accessory, oculomotor and trochlear nerves or the ventrolateral medulla oblongata. In this study several hypotheses regarding the development of cranial nerves vascular compression syndromes are presented. It is alsoemphasized the value of high-resolution magnetic resonance tomographic angiography for visualization of vascular compression. The most frequent clinical syndromes caused by vascular compressionof the cranial nerves are discussed regarding the pathogenesis, symptomes and therapy. We present our series of 124 patients with preoperative evidently positive finding of vascular compression to the trigeminal nerve (MRI). Microvascular decompression (MVD) was performed in all of them. Initial postoperative result was excellent in 110/124 (89%) patients,while in 11/124 (9%) patients the pain relief was satisfactory. In the remaining three patients MVD failed. Recurrence of pain after two years reached 19%. Complications were related to diplopia associated with transient fourth nerve dysfunction in 5 (4%) patients, facial motor dysfunction in 4 (3%) patients, transient facial hypesthesia in 27 (22%) patients and partially hearing loss in 4 (3%) patients. Cerebellar hemorrhagic infarction occurred in 1 (0.8%) patient and cerebrospinal fluid leaks appeared in two (1.6%) cases. There was no lethal outcome.
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PMID:[Neurovascular compression (conflict)]]. 1879 90