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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of carvedilol on serum lipids in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Twenty-one patients with blood pressure greater than or equal to 160/95 mm Hg after a 4-week placebo run-in period were initially given 10 mg of carvedilol once daily. The dose was increased to 20 mg after 4 weeks if the target blood pressure was not achieved. The duration of treatment was 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of administration, blood pressure and the pulse rate (PR) declined significantly (blood pressure from 173/105 to 142/91 mm Hg, p less than 0.001; PR from 74 to 67 beats/min, p less than 0.001); however, serum lipids [total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2, and HDL3], lipoprotein fraction (alpha, pre-beta, and beta), apoprotein fraction (A-I, A-II, CII, CIII, and E), and atherogenic index [(total cholesterol - HDL cholesterol) divided by HDL cholesterol] were not altered significantly. There were no side effects reported during the trial. From these results, it can be concluded that carvedilol has no adverse effect on the coronary risk profile as reflected by lipid measurements, and is an efficacious, safe, well-tolerated antihypertensive drug in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension.
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PMID:Effects of carvedilol on serum lipids in patients with essential hypertension. 172 79

Forty-nine patients, with ages ranging from eighteen to seventy years and with mild to moderate primary hypertension (sitting diastolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 95 mmgH and less than or equal to 115 mmHg) were randomized into a twenty-one-week, double-blind, prospective study to determine the effects of monotherapy of nifedipine GITS (gastrointestinal therapeutic system) versus atenolol on serum lipids, lipid subfractions, apolipoproteins, (apo), and blood pressure (BP). Nifedipine GITS and atenolol significantly reduced blood pressure, but nifedipine GITS reduced sitting and standing systolic BP significantly more than atenolol (p = .001). Sitting and standing heart rate decreased significantly (p = 0.001) during atenolol therapy but did not change significantly during nifedipine GITS therapy. Atenolol increased weight (mean change + 2.2 lb; p = 0.011), but nifedipine GITS decreased weight (mean change - 2.4 lb; p = 0.07). Nifedipine GITS had a more favorable effect on the lipid profile. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL2 subfractions were increased significantly (p = .001) as were apo A1 (p = 0.037) and apo A2 (p = 0.025). Nifedipine GITS increased HDL3 (NS), reduced triglycerides (TG) (NS), and had no significant effect on total cholesterol (TC) low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apo B. Atenolol significantly increased serum total cholesterol (p = 0.039) and HDL-C and HDL2 (p = 0.049 and 0.048 respectively). Atenolol increased TG (NS) and apo B (NS) with little change in apo A1 and apo A2. It is concluded that nifedipine GITS had equal or better antihypertensive efficacy than atenolol and had a more favorable effect on the lipid profile. These effects may offer advantages in reducing CHD risk.
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PMID:Effects of nifedipine GITS and atenolol monotherapy on serum lipids, blood pressure, heart rate, and weight in mild to moderate hypertension. 192 8

We examined the effects on blood pressure, plasma lipoproteins, and platelet function when marine oil supplements (rich in n-3 fatty acids) or vegetable oil supplements (rich in n-6 fatty acids) were added to the usual diets of patients with mild essential hypertension. In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, patients received 50 g of either marine oil (n = 8) or vegetable oil (n = 8) daily for 6 weeks following a baseline observation period. Diastolic blood pressure declined during treatment with fish oil (mean +/- SEM, 96 +/- 2 v 89 +/- 2 mm Hg, P = .02), but did not change with vegetable oil (92 +/- 1 v 94 +/- 1 mm Hg). Systolic blood pressure did not change significantly during either treatment. Serum triglycerides declined (by approximately 30%) in patients receiving only marine oil, but total cholesterol, LDL-, HDL-, HDL2-, and HDL3-cholesterol-subfractions and apolipoproteins A-I and B were unchanged in both treatment groups. Bleeding time increased by 33% during treatment with marine oil but did not change with vegetable oil supplements. Marine oil did not alter in vitro platelet aggregation thresholds. The lack of a significant correlation between blood pressure changes and platelet membrane fluidity, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, norepinephrine, or epinephrine suggests that these variables did not mediate the antihypertensive effect of the marine oil. We conclude that large doses of marine oil reduce diastolic blood pressure, lower triglycerides, and increase bleeding time in patients with mild hypertension.
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PMID:Effects of n-3 fatty acids in essential hypertension. 222 42

Control of high blood pressure has failed to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD). Hypercholesterolemia, which is common among hypertensive patients, cigarette smoking, and hypertension are the major risk factors for CHD. To minimize CHD risk, elevated blood pressure and atherogenic lipid levels should be lowered, but various antihypertensive agents appear to adversely affect lipid levels, actually precluding the CHD risk reduction expected from blood pressure control. Doxazosin, a once-daily, long-acting, alpha 1-adrenergic inhibitor, not only is effective therapy for essential hypertension but also has a favorable impact on lipids. During controlled studies of doxazosin's antihypertensive efficacy, the following blood lipid levels were measured: total cholesterol, total triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (including HDL2 and HDL3), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apoproteins (apos) AI and B. Results showed total cholesterol (-0.8 to -8.9 percent), total triglycerides (-5.0 to -17.4 percent), and LDL (-9.0 to -16.9 percent) were reduced. The positive prognostic indicators, HDL (+0.7 to +13.0 percent) and HDL:total cholesterol ratio (+3.1 to +26.3 percent), were increased. Apo B decreased, but apo AI remained unchanged. In these hypertension studies, doxazosin has favorably reduced two major CHD risk factors. As part of a new, long-term, controlled, multicenter trial, the prospective benefits of these risk factor reductions on CHD morbidity and mortality will be quantified for doxazosin and other antihypertensive agents.
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PMID:Review of the effects of doxazosin, a new selective alpha 1-adrenergic inhibitor, on lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension. 256 25

Changes in serum lipids, apolipoproteins, and lipoproteins including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions following administration of captopril in patients with hypertension were studied. Captopril (25 mg twice daily) was administered over a 12-week period to 17 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Captopril was observed to significantly reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as to increase HDL2- cholesterol (HDL2-C) and to decrease HDL3-cholesterol (HDL3-C); however, no significant changes in total HDL-C were recognized. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo A-II, apo B, apo C-II, apo C-III, and apo E did not change significantly. It is suggested that captopril monotherapy produces a favorable effect on HDL subfractions.
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PMID:Effect of captopril on high-density lipoprotein subfractions in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. 265 2

In ten patients with essential hypertension who were on a prescribed regimen of supervised mild exercise, we examined serum lipids, HDL cholesterol subfractions (HDL2 and HDL3), and apolipoproteins. The findings were compared with data on age- and sex-matched hypertensives not on this regimen of exercise. Blood samples were obtained from the auricle during the multistage exercise test, and changes in levels of lactate were measured. The exercise was done for 30 minutes three times weekly for 10 weeks. A significant reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was evident at 10 weeks. Serum concentrations of HDL2 cholesterol increased significantly at 10 weeks, but there were no changes in total and HDL3 cholesterol. No significant changes were observed in serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and apolipoproteins, (apo) A-I, apo A-II, apo B, apo C-II, apo C-III and apo E following 10 weeks of exercise therapy. In the hypertensive controls who were not on exercise therapy, blood pressure as well as all parameters related to lipoproteins remained unchanged. Thus, mild exercise lowers blood pressure and improves the lipoprotein profile.
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PMID:Mild exercise therapy increases serum high density lipoprotein2 cholesterol levels in patients with essential hypertension. 270 60

The effects of enalapril on plasma lipoproteins were evaluated in an open study of 12 normolipidemic outpatients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension (World Health Organization stages I and II). After a two-week washout period, during which placebo was given, the patients received 20 to 40 mg/day of enalapril for 16 weeks. Treatment with enalapril was associated with significant increases in levels of HDL cholesterol (mean, 23%; P less than 0.001) and apoprotein A (mean, 11%; P less than 0.01), largely because of the increase in the subfraction HDL2 (mean, 43%; P less than 0.001), although the subfraction HDL3 also rose (mean, 14%; P less than 0.005). Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels did not change, whereas triglycerides decreased significantly (mean, 26%; P less than 0.001). Apoprotein B was unchanged. Unlike diuretics and most beta-blockers, enalapril favorably affects plasma lipoprotein levels, thus improving the overall cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients.
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PMID:Increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol in hypertensive patients treated with enalapril. 283 Sep 73

The effect on plasma lipids of a new beta-blocker bucindolol, which possesses weak alpha-adrenergic blocking property and intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, given orally over a 3-month period as a monotherapy or with a thiazide diuretic to 44 patients with essential hypertension was studied. The mean level of plasma HDL cholesterol concentration increased significantly during 3 months monotherapy with bucindolol or with bucindolol and diuretic. This increase was due to the increase of HDL3 subfraction. There were no significant changes in the concentrations of plasma triglycerides or total cholesterol during treatment. The ratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol increased significantly. The concentration of apoprotein A-I decreased significantly in both treatment groups, but the level of apoprotein B remained constant among treatment groups. The results support the earlier observations that beta-adrenergic blocking agents with different pharmacologic properties differ as regard to their effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins.
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PMID:Effect of bucindolol on plasma HDL cholesterol subfractions and other plasma lipids in essential hypertensive patients. 288 37

Oral bunazosin hydrochloride, a new alpha 1-blocker, for 12 weeks was given to ten outpatients diagnosed as having essential hypertension associated with hypercholesterolemia. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) triglyceride, HDL3 cholesterol, and apolipoprotein E levels were significantly decreased by bunazosin treatment. The decrease in HDL triglycerides was a result of the decrease in HDL3 triglyceride levels. There were no significant changes in the other components. The ratio of cholesterol to triglycerides in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL fractions was increased significantly after bunazosin treatment. Furthermore, the ratio of HDL2 cholesterol to HDL3 cholesterol after bunazosin treatment was significantly higher than before treatment. The results suggest that the catabolism of triglycerides in lipoprotein and the reduction in tissue cholesterol increase, and that bunazosin hydrochloride does not adversely affect the lipid component in hypertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia.
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PMID:Effects of a new alpha 1-blocker, bunazosin hydrochloride, on plasma lipid components in hypertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia. 289 39

The effect on plasma apoproteins A-I and B and HDL cholesterol subfractions of acebutolol given orally over a 6-month period to 18 patients with essential hypertension was studied. The concentration of apoprotein A-I decreased during acebutolol treatment: statistical significance was reached at 3 (p less than 0.05) and 6 months (p less than 0.01). The level of apoprotein B increased slightly but not significantly. The ratio of apo A-I to apo B decreased significantly during acebutolol treatment. The concentration of total HDL cholesterol tended to be slightly but not significantly higher during therapy than before it. This increase was due to the increase of HDL3 cholesterol and this increase was significant (p less than 0.05) at 3 months. The level of HDL2 cholesterol did not change significantly during acebutolol therapy.
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PMID:The effect of acebutolol on plasma apoproteins and HDL cholesterol subfractions. 392 21


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