Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) assessed by ultrasonography is regarded as an early predictor of general arteriosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension. However, the methods of measuring IMT have not been globally standardized, and it remains unclear whether conventional measurement of IMT represents the prevalence of hypertensive target organ damage. In this study, we verified the association between several commonly used carotid ultrasonographical parameters and the severity of hypertensive target organ damage (retinal arteriosclerosis, microalbuminuria, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)). Carotid ultrasonography, echocardiography, urinalysis, and funduscopy were performed in 184 patients (64 +/- 12 years, 96 males and 88 females) with various stages of essential hypertension. Carotid arteriosclerosis was assessed using four methodologically different methods: conventional-IMT, maximum-IMT (Max-IMT), Mean-IMT, and Plaque Score (the sum of all plaque thicknesses). Age and all carotid ultrasonographical parameters were significantly associated with albuminuria, retinal arteriosclerosis, and left ventricular mass index. High-sensitivity CRP was significantly correlated with retinopathy and LVH. Carotid parameters in patients with histories of cardiovascular events were significantly greater in those without events. Among all carotid parameters, Max-IMT showed the highest correlation coefficient of the severity of target organ damage, and showed significant association with CRP. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that Max-IMT was the independent factor for predicting target organ damage. Max-IMT is suggested to be the most reliable and simplest parameter for predicting hypertensive target organ damage including microangiopathy in patients with essential hypertension.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of carotid intima-media thickness and plaque score for predicting target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension. 1468 6

Previous studies have suggested that the Gly460Trp polymorphism of the alpha-adducin gene (ADD-1) is associated with salt sensitivity and primary hypertension. The results of linkage or association studies of ADD-1 of different populations are controversial. This study investigated the relationship between the Gly460Trp polymorphism of ADD-1 and essential hypertension in a Korean population. The subjects (n=903) were participants in a population-based study in Jangseong County, Korea. The Gly460Trp polymorphism of ADD-1 was determined using a polymerase chain reaction method. The frequency of the 460Trp allele was 59.4% in normotensives and 61.1% in hypertensives (p=0.523). The frequencies of the genotypes did not differ significantly between the hypertensive and normotensive groups (16.3% Gly/Gly, 45.8% Gly/Trp, and 38.0% Trp/Trp in normotensives; 16.2% Gly/Gly, 45.8% Gly/Trp, and 38.0% Trp/Trp in hypertensives; p=0.928). After adjusting for other risk factors, Gly/Trp and Trp/Trp were not associated with hypertension (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.65-1.53, Gly/Trp vs. Gly/Gly; OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.79-1.90, Trp/Trp vs. Gly/Gly). These findings suggest that the Gly460Trp polymorphism of ADD-1 is not associated with hypertension.
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PMID:Alpha-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism and essential hypertension in Korea. 1560 90

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between organic changes in carotid artery walls and candidate gene polymorphism in Japanese sufferers of essential hypertension. Carotid Ultrasonography was used to measure intima-media thickness (IMT) and presence of plaque formation. Patients were divided into two groups; a hypertension (HT) group and a healthy control (C). Group HT consisted of 273 subjects (56.5 +/- 11.3y) and group C consisted of 500 subjects (55.6 +/- 11.4y). 5HTR2A (T102C, A-1438G) and beta3-AR (Trp64Arg) genetic polymorphism for genetic analysis were performed on 43 subjects (63.5 +/- 8.5y) in group HT and 24 subjects (60.3 +/- 6.8y) in group C. IMT showed 0.81 +/- 0.28mm in Group C and 1.05 +/- 0.22mm in Group HT in patients aged 50 or above, respectively. The thickening was significantly greater in Group HT than in Group C (p < 0.01). Plaque was present in 45.1% in Group C and 70.2% in Group HT in patients aged 50 or above, respectively. It was significantly present greater in Group HT than in Group C (p < 0.01). Results of genetic analysis showed no difference between Group HT and Group C for either genotype of allele frequency of T102C and A-1438G, or of beta3-AR. It is suggested that increase of IMT and formation of plaque are risk factors in patients aged 50 or above with hypertension, and that careful observation of the carotid artery will be effective for early detection of arteriosclerosis, and to predict the symptoms thereof.
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PMID:[Relationship between of carotid ultrasonography in Japanese hypertensive subjects for intima-media thickness and plaque, and candidate gene polymorphism--possibility of early detection of arteriosclerotic disease]. 1591 64

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictive peptide and its activity is mediated by the receptors ET type A (EDNRA) and ET type B (EDNRB). Although ET-1 is thought to play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, it remains unclear whether polymorphisms of ET-1 family genes, including the ET-1 gene (EDN1), EDNRA, EDNRB and the genes for endothelin converting enzymes 1 and 2 (ECE1 and ECE2), are associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. We investigated the relationship between 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ET-1 family genes (including three in EDN1, one in EDNRA, two in EDNRB, four in ECE1 and one in ECE2) and atherosclerotic changes assessed using pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid ultrasonography in 630 patients with essential hypertension (EHT). In male subjects, we found significant differences in brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) in additive and recessive models in EDNRB-rs5351 after Bonferroni correction. Also in male subjects, there were significant differences in mean intima-media thickness (IMT) in additive and recessive models in EDNRA-rs5333 after Bonferroni correction. We found no significant correlation between any SNPs in the ET family genes and baPWV, IMT and Plaque score (PS) in female subjects. Furthermore, after multiple logistic regression analysis, only EDNRB-rs5351 indicated as an independent risk of atherosclerosis in male hypertensive subjects. Of the endothelin-related genes, EDNRB-rs5351 was the most susceptible SNP associated with atherosclerosis in male hypertensives, and the genetic background may be involved in the progression of atherosclerosis in EHT patients.
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PMID:Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in endothelin family genes with the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension. 1752 6