Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ultrasoundcardiograms (UCG) and radiocardiograms (RCG) were obtained from 50 patients with essential hypertension. They were classified into four groups according to the severity index of Veterans Administration Hospital. These echocardiograms were compared with those obtained from 20 normal individuals. Of the 50 patients with hypertension, ten had abnormal patterns of mitral valve echogram: two had shoulder formation of the A wave (A-A'), three had increased amplitude of the A wave (A greater than E), and five had systolic anterior movement (SAM) of the anterior mitral leaflet toward the ventricular septum. The former two groups were considered to have impairment of left ventricular (LV) function proven by UCG and RCG, however, the SAM group was considered to have hyperfunction with concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle with thickened ventricular septum simulating that of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS). This was supported by the fact that SAM increased after inhalation of amyl nitrite and decreased after injection of propranolol. The descent rate of the anterior mitral valve decreased and the thickness of the ventricular septum increased with the severity of hypertension, indicating the LV compliance decreases as the severity of hypertension advances. A significant positive correlation was noted between stroke index (SI) obtained by UCG and RCG. There were no significant differences of LV dimensions and function indices measured by UCG and RCG among the groups classified according to the severity index of hypertension. This suggests that such factors as myocardial ischemia might play an important role in LV function as well as the grade of afterload due to hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Echocardiographic observations in hypertension. 12 50

This study evaluated early diastolic left ventricular (LV) filling and the atrial contribution to ventricular filling in patients (pts) with various heart diseases using ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy. Conventional equilibrium list mode ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy was performed for 19 normal subjects (N) as controls, 104 pts with old myocardial infarction (OMI), 19 pts with essential hypertension (HT), seven pts with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS), three pts with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 19 pts with pure mitral stenosis (MS) and one pt with both MS and aortic regurgitation to evaluate early diastolic LV filling. The LV stroke counts corresponding to stroke volume and the early diastolic LV peak filling rate (DdV/dt) were obtained from the LV time-activity curve and its first derivative. Then the DdV/dt was normalized by stroke counts. The DdV/dt was significantly lower in pts with OMI (4.34 +/- 1.02/sec, p less than 0.001), HT (3.93 +/- 0.70/sec, p less than 0.001), IHSS (4.23 +/- 1.59/sec, p less than 0.01) and MS (4.56 +/- 1.05/sec, p less than 0.01) than in N (5.93 +/- 1.26/sec). Then, in OMI, the DdV/dt correlated significantly (r = -0.45, p less than 0.05) with infarct size (% abnormal contracting segment = %ACS) obtained by contrast left ventriculography. Furthermore, in pts with HT, the DdV/dt correlated significantly (r = -0.59, p less than 0.02) with the left ventricular mean wall thickness obtained by M-mode echocardiography. In pts with MS, the DdV/dt also correlated significantly (r = 0.73, p less than 0.001) with the mitral orifice area obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography. However, it has been difficult to assess the atrial contribution to ventricular filling by conventional ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy, because the LV time-activity curve in the late diastolic phase was distorted and unreliable, whenever a minimal variation of the R-R interval occurred. Therefore, to produce a more reliable late diastolic LV volume curve, a "two-beat LV volume curve" was constructed using a new method; namely, each cardiac cycle was divided into 20 msec segments in two different ways, i.e., backward and forward of the R wave, and the backward LV volume curve and forward LV volume curve (conventional method) were connected at the R wave. Then, to estimate the atrial contribution, an increment of counts after the beginning of the P wave divided by counts corresponding to the stroke volume (A(P)/SV) was calculated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Left ventricular early diastolic filling and atrial contribution assessed by ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy]. 372 78

The authors report the clinical, ECG, PCG and echocardiography data obtained in mountaineers suffering from associated essential hypertension and high-altitude pulmonary hypertension. Demonstrate the advisability of distinguishing the high-altitude hypertrophic cardiomyopathy syndrome (HHCS) in part of mountaineers with essential hypertension living permanently at an altitude of 3600-4200 m over the sea level. The HHCS is marked by a lot of the clinical and echocardiographic signs which are regarded as characteristic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, particularly by appreciable asymmetrical hypertrophy of the interventricular septum. Criteria for the differential diagnosis between the HHCS and idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis are suggested. The possible mechanisms by which the HHCS develops in part of mountaineers are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Syndrome of high-altitude hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. 404 Feb 72