Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085580 (essential hypertension)
 14,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intracellular calcium transients play a major role in the control of cellular contraction and act through binding to target proteins and inducing subsequent conformational changes and activation of enzymes. Abnormalities of intracellular calcium handling are involved in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. In this study we report on the isolation, purification and calcium binding of a 33 kDa protein from human platelets and of a 38 kDa protein from cardiac tissue, both of which are identified as tropomyosin. The calcium binding properties of these human tropomyosin isoforms indicate a putative role for these proteins in the fine tuning of the cellular contraction. Elevated tropomyosin level is demonstrated in platelets from untreated essential hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (tropomyosin/actin: 45.1 +/- 3.5, n = 12) relative to essential hypertensive patients without cardiac hypertrophy (tropomyosin/actin: 33.8 +/- 2.3). These findings suggest an association between the enhanced expression of tropomyosin in platelets and the development of cardiac hypertrophy which may relate to the cellular calcium overload of this disease.
 ...
PMID:The calcium binding protein tropomyosin in human platelets and cardiac tissue: elevation in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. 183 32

Abnormal erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport is common in a subgroup of patients with essential hypertension and a strong family history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown that the abnormality in sodium-lithium countertransport is associated with tropomyosin, a cytoskeletal protein required to stabilize actin filament formation. Leukocyte trafficking events, which depend on cytoskeletal reorganization, are also altered in patients with essential hypertension with abnormal sodium-lithium countertransport. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an abnormality in isoforms of tropomyosin that are common to erythrocytes and leukocytes. Analysis of reticulocyte RNA by reverse transcription (RT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed expression of TPMN and TPM5b isoforms of tropomyosin. No other isoforms were expressed. These isoforms were also detected in RNA from leukocytes. In patients with essential hypertension with abnormal erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport compared with normal control subjects, there was a higher TPMN/TPM5b ratio of protein in erythrocytes (median 3.8 [range 1.8 to 6.6] versus 2.9 [1.9 to 4.0], P<0.001) and of RNA in leukocytes (3.7 [1.7 to 8.2] versus 2.6 [1.2 to 4.3], P<0.01). Furthermore, the protein ratio of TPMN/TPM5b in erythrocytes showed significant correlation with the V(max)/K(m) ratio of sodium-lithium countertransport across the patient groups (r=-0.42; P<0.01). Therefore, altered tropomyosin expression may be the underlying abnormality associated with blood cell membrane changes in essential hypertension and implicates the cytoskeleton in the pathogenesis of the disease in a major subgroup of patients.
 ...
PMID:Altered tropomyosin expression in essential hypertension. 1257 6