Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085437 (bacterial meningitis)
 4,038 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pattern of neurological disease seen in Ethiopian patients hospitalized in general medical wards in two hospitals in Addis Ababa is analyzed and discussed. Cerebrovascular disease, most commonly cerebral thrombosis, accounted for 45% of the neurological diseases seen. The second commonest disorder was bacterial meningitis (12%). Hepatic encephalopathy and intracranial haemorrhage, the latter commonly due to hypertension, were found to be the commonest causes of admission in coma.
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PMID:Neurological diseases in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 12 34

Neurological disorders may be, specially in children, the first and dramatic troubles giving notice of the hematological disease. These disorders, listed according to their frequency are: cerebral vascular thrombosis, epilepsy, bacterial meningitis, meningism, cerebral thrombo-phlebitis, disorders of cranial nerves, hydrocephalus related to a pachy meningitis. One must be cautious with transfusions. Paraclinical neurological tests have no specificity.
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PMID:[Neurological disorders in sickle-cell disease (author's transl)]. 72 65

The frequency, course and clinical significance of changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during bacterial meningitis were investigated in 14 adult patients. The results of 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were compared with the clinical signs and findings using cerebral angiography and conventional CT. HMPAO SPECT was performed 2-15 days (median 4.5 days) after the onset of neurological disease. Decreased HMPAO accumulation was detected in 13 patients. SPECT studies revealed focal hypoperfusion corresponding to the clinical symptoms in 6 patients suffering from hemiparesis or hemiataxia. Conventional cranial CT disclosed brain infarction in only 1 patient. Focal hypoperfusion was also found in 7 of 8 patients without clinical evidence of focal neurological deficits. In 6 patients, HMPAO SPECT findings were abnormal although cerebral angiography was normal. At follow-up examinations 3-45 weeks after the acute disease, abnormalities revealed by HMPAO SPECT had improved or had even disappeared in all patients studied. Our results indicate that reduced rCBF is a frequent finding in bacterial meningitis in the adult. In most patients it probably represents a functional and reversible disorder without structural lesion detectable on CT.
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PMID:Abnormalities of cerebral blood flow in the acute phase of bacterial meningitis in adults. 144 71

Meningitis is the most important cause of acquired postnatal deafness and neurologic disorders in children. To determine if cell-mediated immunity is casually related to the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis, T cell subsets were quantitated from blood of the 29 children with clinical and bacteriologic diagnosis of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis bacterial meningitis. The CD4+ T cells increased and CD8+ T cells decreased in patients with meningitis as compared to patient control subjects (bacterial infections without meningitis) and normal healthy control subjects. An elevated percentage of CD25+ (interleukin-2 receptors) and HLA-DR+ (immune-response gene-associated antigen) T cells were detected from all patients with meningitis. All 29 patients with meningitis had highly elevated CD4+ CD45R+ (suppressor-inducer) cells and reciprocally depressed CD4+ CDw29+ (helper-inducer) cells compared with healthy age-matched normal and patient control subjects. These findings indicate characteristic immunologic T cell abnormalities from meningitis. The abnormal increase in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor-inducer or "virgin" cells and expression of activation antigens on T cells may be of help in future understanding of abnormal immune reactions from bacterial meningitis. However, deficiency of the CD4+ CDw29+ helper-inducer or "memory" cells may contribute to the impaired helper function for B cell-induced protective antibody synthesis to bacterial capsular polysaccharides found in this disease.
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PMID:Bacterial meningitis: T cell activation and immunoregulatory CD4+ T cell subset alteration. 171 Jun 32

In order to assess the changing pattern of pediatric neurologic disorders during this century, we retrieved and analyzed the medical records of hospitalized patients with neurologic disorders in our hospital from 1900 to 1980. It was demonstrated that bacterial meningitis had been by far the most common cause of death until 1950. After 1950, both the incidence and the mortality rate of bacterial meningitis declined rapidly probably because of the improved medical care and introduction of various antibiotics. We noticed several interesting features in the changing spectrum of bacterial meningitis as described below. First it was demonstrated that the incidence of tuberculous meningitis declined almost a decade later than those of other kinds of purulent meningitis. Second, the incidence of bacterial meningitis declined even before the introduction of antibiotics. Although the development of antibiotics was the main contributing factor in improving the prognosis for bacterial meningitis, it is suggested from our data that other factors such as improved general supportive care and carrying out of public health programs also played an important role in improving the overall prognosis for bacterial meningitis.
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PMID:Changing spectrum of pediatric neurologic disorders during 18 selected years, 1900-1980, at the Hospital of University of Tokyo. 267 56

Major advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis have been made in the past decade. It is likely that interventional strategies that mediate the effects of vasoactive metabolites and neuronal and glial toxins will improve the outcome of patients with meningitis as well as other neurologic disorders. Of critical importance, as demonstrated in the case history, is the realization that many of the serious complications of meningitis occur very early in the course of the disease. If new treatment strategies are to be effective, they should be started as soon as possible. Emerging technologies such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be of benefit in helping physicians decide which patients require treatment.
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PMID:Neurologic evaluation of the patient with acute bacterial meningitis. 747 19

Detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been shown to be a sensitive method of diagnosing CMV disease in the central nervous system. Since CMV causes latent infection in white blood cells, an unanswered question is whether detection of latent CMV DNA in the cell fraction of CSF samples by PCR is possible in seropositive patients. In a prospective study, the finding of CMV DNA in CSF of CMV seropositive patients with suspected viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) was evaluated clinically. Fractionation of 64 CSF samples from seropositive patients was carried out before analysing the samples for CMV DNA by PCR. In four of the five patients who had CMV DNA in the cell pellet and/or supernatant, the clinical data suggested CMV-associated neurological disease. The remaining 59 samples were negative in both pellet and supernatant. In addition, 11 CSF samples with high cell counts from patients with bacterial meningitis were examined for CMV DNA and found to be negative in 10 patients and positive in 1. One hundred thirty two uncentrifuged CSF samples were used as negative controls. The results of the study indicate that detection of CMV DNA in CSF samples by PCR correlated well with disease and was not due to latent CMV infection.
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PMID:Detection of cytomegalovirus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid in immunocompetent patients as a sign of active infection. 756 3

Nerve growth factor levels were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid from 73 patients with neurologic disorders and non-neurologic acute illnesses by a two-site enzyme immunoassay. Elevated nerve growth factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid were demonstrated in 2 of 7 patients with bacterial meningitis, 7 of 14 patients with viral meningitis or encephalitis, and 1 with multiple sclerosis. Follow-up examinations of the 3 patients (1 with bacterial meningitis, 1 with viral meningitis, and 1 with multiple sclerosis) at convalescent stage showed diminished nerve growth factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid. None of the other patients showed elevation of nerve growth factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid. Nerve growth factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid were not correlated with cell numbers in patients with meningitis or encephalitis. No relationship was observed between nerve growth factor levels and outcome in patients with viral meningitis or encephalitis and bacterial meningitis. Nerve growth factor in cerebrospinal fluid may play a role in neuronal recovery or function as an immunomodulator in children with inflammatory and immune-mediated neurologic disorders.
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PMID:Nerve growth factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid from patients neurologic disorders. 913 96

The detection of IgE is technically difficult because of its reduced concentrations in serum, and even lower concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the present investigation we studied 86 CSF samples using an immunoenzymatic method with an anti-IgE-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and a fluorigenic substrate. The samples were from three groups: A) 29 patients with neurocysticercosis (NC), B) 36 patients with different neurologic disorders (neurosyphilis, neurotuberculosis, meningitis, tumors, hemorrhage) and C) 21 discharged individuals who had been hospitalized for bacterial meningitis. The results obtained were: A) 0.05 to 3.00 IU/ml (0.76 +/- 0.79), B) 0.00 to 1.50 IU/ml (0.23 +/- 0.34) and C) 0.05 to 1.25 IU/ml (0.34 +/- 0.34). The present results suggest that IgE appears to play a role in the pathogeny of NC and that efforts should be made to standardize a test for the detection of specific IgE antibodies.
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PMID:Human neurocysticercosis. IgE in cerebrospinal fluid. 933 54

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n=50) from patients with neurological disease (bacterial infection, viral infection, neuroborreliosis and multiple sclerosis) were analysed to characterize cell populations by fluorescent immunocytometry with the CD-Sapphire haematology analyser. Reagent combinations applied to all CSF samples comprised CD3/CD19/HLA-DR and CD4/CD8, with some being further analysed using CD3/CD4, CD3/CD16 and CD3/CD25 protocols. Of the 50 samples, 11 were excluded because of high proportions of nonviable cells (n=2) or insufficient cell numbers (n=9). Apart from bacterial infection with granulocytosis, all diagnostic groups showed high proportions (51.4-77.0%) of CD3+ T cells. There was a modest association between T-cell and B-cell counts, but absolute B-cell numbers exceeded 5 cells/microl in only 7/39 cases (neuroborreliosis, n=6; bacterial meningitis, n=1). CD3/Ia antigen (activation) co-expression was low and only exceeded 5% in 7/39 samples with no diagnostic correlation. Primary CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets showed similar quantitative trends and CD4/CD8 co-analysis revealed the presence in all diagnostic groups (neuroborreliosis and multiple sclerosis in particular) of a CD4+CD8int fraction that was predominantly CD3+ and CD16- and had a morphological profile consistent with small lymphoid cells. Supplementary CD-Sapphire cellular immunological analysis of most CSF samples is feasible using the procedure detailed in this communication.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid cell populations with the Cell-Dyn Sapphire haematology analyser: method feasibility and preliminary observations. 1950 Jan 78


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