Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0085437 (bacterial meningitis)
 4,038 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) using an enzyme immunoassay method in 19 patients with bacterial meningitis (BM), 33 with aseptic meningitis (AM) and 13 with encephalitis (EN), and examined the significance of their elevations, especially in BM. 1) In BM, the Mn SOD levels were obviously high, ranging from 10.4 to 1179.2 ng/ml. The mean level of Mn SOD was 234.6 +/- 306.7 (SD) ng/ml and 18 patients showed abnormal levels of Mn SOD (more than 13.1 ng/ml). On the other hand, in the remaining 2 diseases, the elevation of SOD levels was not remarkable: the mean levels of Mn SOD in AM and EN were 20.6 +/- 11.6 ng/ml and 41.9 +/- 23.6 ng/ml, respectively. 2) In AM and EN, Mn SOD levels well correlated with NSE or S-100b levels which are the markers of nervous tissue damages. But there was no correlation between the Mn SOD levels in BM and these markers. 3) In BM, there was a positive relationship between Mn SOD and total protein levels, but the disease days showing peak levels were different between them. In addition, Mn SOD levels showed no correlation with cell counts in CSF. 4) In BM, CSF levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha were remarkably high, whereas in AM and EN, the increases of these cytokines were not marked. And these cytokines in BM showed the peak values in the disease day before or when Mn SOD reached the peak levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[The significance of elevated Mn SOD level in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis--its relation to cytokine]. 802 25

We present a systematic review of meningitis associated with transsphenoidal surgery. Patients present within the first 4 days after surgery with symptoms of headache, fever, and confusion. Overt cerebrospinal rhinorrhea or nuchal rigidity at the time of presentation is an infrequent finding. Although postoperative aseptic meningitis may be difficult to distinguish from early bacterial meningitis, the findings of hypoglycorrhachia, pleocytosis, and hyperproteinemia in the setting of fever and neurological deficit strongly suggest bacterial infection. The preponderance of cases of gram-negative meningitis observed in this series and in previous reports related to posttraumatic CSF leaks indicates that empirical regimens should include agents suitable for treating infections caused by nosocomial pathogens. In general, patients with uncomplicated meningitis in this setting can be expected to recover and do well. Questions remain as to the role of prophylactic antibiotics in the development of gram-negative meningitis in the setting of transsphenoidal surgery. A multicenter trial might be better able to define this role.
 ...
PMID:Gram-negative meningitis associated with transsphenoidal surgery: case reports and review. 803 9

To investigate the role of the inflammatory cytokines, the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) were measured in 11 children with bacterial meningitis and two with mycoplasmic meningoencephalitis and compared with those in 50 children with aseptic meningitis and 15 with non-pleocytotic cerebrospinal fluid. Concentrations of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were each significantly higher in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis than in those with aseptic meningitis or those with non-pleocytotic cerebrospinal fluid. IFN-gamma was detected at low concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of only 2/11 of those with bacterial meningitis. On the other hand, the IFN-gamma concentration was the highest in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with aseptic meningitis. These results suggest that the inflammatory cytokines are differently released in the intrathecal space infected with viruses or bacteria.
 ...
PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of interleukin-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon gamma in bacterial meningitis. 812 33

The diagnosis and treatment of acute meningitis is a challenge for the primary care physician. Differentiating between bacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis is not always straightforward. The aseptic meningitis syndrome is usually viral in origin, and enteroviruses account for most cases. The aseptic syndrome also may be caused by unusual bacterial organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Leptospira species, Brucella species, Borrelia burgdorferi and others. The classic presentation consists of the acute onset of meningismus, headache, fever, malaise with pleocytosis and normal glucose and slightly elevated protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid lactate and serum C-reactive protein measurements may be helpful in differentiating aseptic meningitis from treatable bacterial meningitis. Aseptic meningitis of viral origin usually responds to expectant care. Other causes of aseptic meningitis must be searched for and treated if present.
 ...
PMID:The aseptic meningitis syndrome. 821 11

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) elaborated by monocytes and endothelial cells is a cytokine which is responsible for adhesion of leucocytes to vascular endothelium and migration of neutrophils into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the intravascular space. The inflammation in meningitis is elicited by the cytokine release from leucocytes which encounter micro-organisms in the arachnoid or subarachnoid space. In bacterial meningitis, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1 and IL-6 are produced vigorously, and initiate and augment the inflammation in the central nervous system. In this study, utilizing a quantitative immunometric sandwich enzyme immunoassay, the concentration of IL-8 was investigated in the CSF of patients with bacterial meningitis, patients with aseptic meningitis, and patients with gastroenteritis who served as controls. The IL-8 concentration was markedly higher in the CSF of patients with bacterial meningitis (224 +/- 2.57 pg/ml; mean +/- SD) than in the CSF of patients with aseptic meningitis (less than 30 pg/ml). The IL-8 level in the CSF of patients with aseptic meningitis did not differ from that in the CSF of the patients with gastroenteritis (less than 30 pg/ml). The augmented production of IL-8 in CSF may account for the inflammation in bacterial meningitis being more severe than that in aseptic meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Augmented production of interleukin-8 in cerebrospinal fluid in bacterial meningitis. 826 63

To evaluate significance of superoxide dismutase in neurological diseases, we measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) using enzyme immunoassay methods in 181 neurological patients and 43 controls. The mean level of Cu/Zn SOD in CSF of controls was 54.4 +/- 28.7 ng/ml, and that of Mn SOD 8.1 +/- 2.5 ng/ml, although other methods have reported that Mn SOD is undetectable in CSF. Cu/Zn SOD or Mn SOD showed no statistical difference in age or sex of the controls. The elevation of both SOD levels was marked in acute diseases such as cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), bacterial meningitis and encephalitis, but mild in aseptic meningitis. The elevation of Cu/Zn SOD level was more prominent than that of Mn SOD in CVD, whereas vice versa in bacterial meningitis and encephalitis. In neurodegenerative diseases and cervical spondylosis, only Mn SOD level was significantly elevated. To examine the source of CSF SOD, we compared it with CSF levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100b protein (S-100b) in cerebral infarction and bacterial meningitis. Both SOD levels were correlated with NSE and S-100b levels in patients with cerebral infarction, but in bacterial meningitis no significant relationship was found among SOD levels, NSE and S-100b levels. This means that elevations of SODs in CSF may be due to not only damage of the nervous tissues but also the other mechanisms, as induction of SOD in the lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Superoxide dismutase in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with neurological diseases]. 833 70

Urinary albumin excretion (AE) was determined by a sensitive method (below dipstick positive values, 15 to 300 micrograms/minute) in 68 children with meningitis during 48 hours after hospital admission; 51 children had bacterial meningitis (BM) and 17 had aseptic meningitis. AE (results as mean +/- SD) during 0 to 24 hours was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with BM (36 +/- 40 micrograms/minute) than with aseptic meningitis (7 +/- 5 micrograms/minute), albeit no cutoff value distinguished the two conditions accurately. In BM the clinical course (uneventful, intermediate, complicated, fatal) correlated with AE of 0 to 24 hours (r = 0.34, P < 0.05) and AE of 25 to 48 hours (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). Cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration 24 to 36 hours after initiation of treatment correlated with AE of 25 to 48 hours (r = 0.34, P < 0.05). An index obtained by dividing AE by the weight of the child predicted the severity of clinical course more precisely (77% sensitivity, 85% specificity) than AE alone. Hence renal AE is an easily and non-invasively determined acute phase reactant of potential value as an early estimate of severity of BM.
 ...
PMID:Microalbuminuria: an index of severity in childhood meningitis. 834 2

The syndrome of aseptic meningitis is characterized by spiking fever and meningismus. CSF analysis generally shows increased pleocytosis, hypoglycorrhachia, elevated protein and negative cultures. In an earlier series, 70% of children with posterior fossa operations developed the syndrome. In a new review the incidence was slightly more than 30%. The incidence of aseptic meningitis following operation for structural lesions was 44%, which was higher than the tumor group, where the meningitic syndrome was seen in 25% of the children. It is the purpose of this paper to reexamine the impact that steroids have made on the prevalence of the aseptic meningitis syndrome, and to review recent studies that have attempted to distinguish between aseptic and bacterial meningitis.
 ...
PMID:The aseptic meningitis syndrome: a complication of posterior fossa surgery. 839 53

We prospectively evaluated 7 observation variables (level of activity, level of alertness, respiratory status/effort, peripheral perfusion, muscle tone, affect, feeding pattern) which qualify patient clinical appearance in order to determine reliability in distinguishing the infectious outcome of 233 febrile infants ages 0 to 8 weeks. Each variable was graded either 1, 3, or 5, with a higher score indicative of a greater degree of compromise. All infants received physical examination and sepsis evaluation (lumbar puncture, complete blood count/blood culture, urinalysis/urine culture). The 3 outcome groups compared were 29 cases of serious bacterial infections, (+SBI; 10 with bacterial meningitis, 12 with bacteremia, 7 with urinary tract infection), 45 cases of aseptic meningitis (AM) and 159 cases culture-negative with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CN-NCSF). The mean score for each of the 7 variables was significantly greater in the +SBI group compared with both the AM and CN-NCSF groups (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in mean score for each of the 7 variables between the AM and CN-NCSF groups. Stepwise discriminant analysis identified 3 variables that best distinguished outcome: affect; respiratory status/effort; and peripheral perfusion, which constituted the Young Infant Observation Scale. The mean total Young Infant Observation Scale score generated from assessing these 3 variables was significantly greater (P = 0.0001) in the +SBI, group (9) compared with both the AM (5) and CN-NCSF (5) groups. A total Young Infant Observation Scale score > or = 7 had a sensitivity of 76%, specificity of 75% and negative-predictive value of 96% for outcome of +SBI.
 ...
PMID:Reliability of observation variables in distinguishing infectious outcome of febrile young infants. 842 66

A color Doppler flow imaging technique was used to study the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in infants with meningitis. Eight infants with bacterial meningitis (6) or aseptic meningitis (2) were studied with color Doppler imaging of CSF flow for a total of 18 times. In 2 infants with bacterial meningitis, Doppler sonograms of CSF flow were obtained in the aqueduct during the acute stage. The CSF flow demonstrated a to-and-fro motion which was synchronized with cardiac pulsations and respiration. The detection of CSF flow on color Doppler flow imaging in the aqueduct may indicate the existence of ventriculitis. Color Doppler flow imaging is useful for the evaluation of CSF flow dynamics in infants.
 ...
PMID:Ventriculitis in infants: diagnosis by color Doppler flow imaging. 849 42


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>