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Query: UMLS:C0085437 (bacterial meningitis)
 4,038 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis of 62 patients with pyogenic meningitis is presented, 23 (37%) of whom had received pre-diagnosis antibiotic therapy. Positive bacteriological identification could be achieved in 73% of the partially treated group as opposed to 97% in the previously untreated group but otherwise such pre-treatment made little impact on the diagnosis, characteristic cerebrospinal fluid changes sufficient for diagnostic purpose being present in all but one case. The study also fails to demonstrate any advantage of immunoelectroosmophoresis over conventional bacteriology in the problem cases of partially treated bacterial meningitis.
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PMID:The dilemma of partially treated bacterial meningitis. 96 56

Gamma hemolytic streptococcal meningitis in a 17-year-old boy resulted in a severe purulent reaction and death. Review of the literature shows only one other case of a gamma hemolytic streptococcus as the cause of bacterial meningitis in the absence of endocarditis.
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PMID:Acute bacterial meningitis secondary to gamma hemolytic streptococcus. Case report and review of the literature. 103 88

The mortality figures and incidence of bacterial meningitis in children from Tauranga are reviewed. The high rate of meningitis in relationship to overseas countries is discussed.
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PMID:Bacterial meningitis: a review of 53 patients. 107 Nov 45

Antibiotic therapy of bacterial meningitis is being reevaluated due to reports of ampicillin-resistant strains of Hemophilus influenzae type b. The infant reported had a relapse of H. influenzae type b meningitis after an excellent clinical and bacteriologic response to an initial course of combined antibiotic therapy including chloramphenicol. This relapse is postulated to be due to localized cerebral vasculitis which was not treated for a sufficient period of time during the initial course of therapy. The patient responded well to a second course of penicillin and chloramphenicol. Since the use of pencillin and chloramphenicol will be increasing, the clinician should be aware that bacteriologic relapse of H. influenzae type b meningitis may occur with chloramphenicol therapy.
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PMID:Relapse of Hemophilus influenzae type b meningitis after combined antibiotic therapy: report of a case. 108 7

Ten infants, 8 days to 10 months old, with meningitis and/or septicemia were considered therapeutic failures after conventional antibiotic treatment (i.e. kanamycin, ampicillin and sulfonamides) and given sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim parenterally. Nine patients recovered, 8 of them rapidly, and one after prolonged treatment for 34 days when kanamycin was added to the combination. One infant improved but later died of complications not related to the treatment. High concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were achieved with a daily dose of 30-40 mg sulphamethoxazole and 6-8 mg trimethoprim per kg without signs of accumulation. No change in resistance of the bacteria isolated was seen. A hemolytic reaction, probably due to the propylene glycol in the solution, was seen in one case. Other possible side-effects in this age-group are discussed. The antibiotic combination used seems to be a good alternative in the therapy of bacterial meningitis of infants caused by gram-negative bacteria. However it should still not be given to icteric or very immature infants and probably not during the first week of life.
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PMID:Treatment of meningitis and septicemia in infancy with a sulphamethoxazole/trimethorpim combination. 109 Jan 7

A variety of associated lesions may require the neurosurgeon's assistance in the management of bacterial meningitis. As treatment of this infection of the central nervous system proceeds, the surgeon will have to decide about the concurrent or subsequent operative treatment of congenital dysraphic states, paraneural infections, compound fractures or penetrating wounds of thecranium or spine, or infected bypass shunts for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In patients with intractable meningitic infections the surgeon may have to insert a ventricular drainage-irrigation system to permit adequate perfusion of the CSF pathways with antibiotic. Hydrocephalus or subdural effusions complicating meningitis may bring the patient to the surgeon long after the infection has been cured. This paper examines these problems and outlines the current principles of management.
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PMID:Surgical management of bacterial meningitis. 109 60

The limulus lysate on cerebrospinal fluid was evaluated in 335 infants and children as a method for the rapid diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Positive limulus tests were obtained within one hour in 33 of 34 cases of Hemophilus influenzae meningitis; four additional patients with Gram-negative meningitis also showed positive limulus lysate tests. Conversely, 13 patients with Gram-positive bacterial meningitis all yielded negative limulus assays. All 48 cases of aseptic meningitis and 236 children with no meningitis showed negative limulus assays. Antibiotic therapy prior to hospitalization did not vitiate the validity of the test. A bedside adaptation of the limulus test, performed by house officers and medical students, showed approximately 98% agreement with the laboratory assay.
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PMID:Limulus lysate test for gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Bedside application. 109 58

Bacterial meningitis in our hospital too shows its maximal frequence with 30.5% in the first month of life, 25.2% of these cases being newborns. The frequent difficulties of diagnosis in this period of life are demonstrated. Predisposing factors and possible complications of meningitis are named. The principles of modern therapy are summarized.
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PMID:[Symptomatology, differential diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis of newborns and infants (author's transl)]. 110 65

All cases of unusual types of gram-negative bacillary meningitis in a university hospital over a five year period were retrospectively analyzed. These patients comprised 4.2 per cent of cases of bacterial meningitis among all patients, 69 per cent of neurosurgical cases and 42 per cent of neonatal cases. The over-all mortality was 40.3 per cent. The two most common bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli in patients younger than one year and Klebsiella species in patients above that age. Infection may be acquired at birth or at the time of surgery, or may be secondary to spread of infection from other body sites. Gram-negative bacillary meningitis is a nosocomial infection and this diagnosis should be suspected in patients in whom central nervous system infection develops in the hospital.
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PMID:Gram-negative bacillary meningitis. 110 20

Three hundred ninety-seven children were admitted to the Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston between 1958 and 1973 with H. influenzae meningitis. The annual rate of admission and the percent of all cases of bacterial meningitis were not changed from that of the preceding decade. The age incidence was strikingly similar to that reported from this hospital for 1920 to 1932.
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PMID:Hemophilus influenzae meningitis at the Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, 1958 to 1973. 112 59


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