Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0085383 (hypocapnia)
 1,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-five patients with acute pulmonary embolism without other pulmonary or heart diseases were analyzed for pulmonary hypertension. Doppler echocardiography was used to determine the systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery (PAPs) from the maximal velocity of the tricuspid regurgitation using corrected Bernoulli's formula (PAPs = 1.23 x 4 Vmax2 - 0.09). Pulmonary hypertension was found in 84% (21/25) of the patients with acute pulmonary embolism. PAPs values ranged between 34 and 90 mmHg (X = 54 +/- 7.5 mmHg) and hypocapnia with carbon dioxide partial pressure, PaCO2, ranged from 26 to 34 mmHg (X = 30 +/- 2 mmHg). PAPs showed a significant negative correlation with oxygen partial pressure (r = -0.87, P < 0.01). According to the findings of lung scintigraphy, all patients with pulmonary hypertension had submassive pulmonary embolism with perfusion abnormalities in two segments (X = 5 +/- 2 segments). It is concluded that pulmonary hypertension may be expected in more than 80% of the patients with submassive acute pulmonary embolism, and hypoxemia and hypocapnia. Doppler echocardiography is a noninvasive method useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of pulmonary hypertension in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:[Pulmonary hypertension in acute pulmonary embolism]. 864 78

Pregnancy is a common decompensation factor for women with post-rheumatic mitral disease. However, valvular heart diseases causing severe acute respiratory distress are rare. Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) early in the event of cardiorespiratory failure after cardiac surgery may be of benefit. Indeed, ECMO cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) support could help pulmonary recovery if the mitral pathology is involved. A 31-year-old female patient at 30 weeks of amenorrhea was admitted to the obstetrics department with 40 degrees C hyperthermia and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 4 dyspnea. The patient's medical history included a post-rheumatic mitral stenosis. Blood gases showed severe hypoxemia associated with hypocapnia. The patient needed to be rapidly intubated and was placed on ventilatory support because of acute respiratory failure. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a severe mitral stenosis, mild mitral insufficiency, and diminished left ventricular function, hypokinetic, dilated right ventricle, and a severe tricuspid regurgitation. An urgent cesarean section was performed. Because of the persistent hemodynamic instability, a mitral valvular replacement and tricuspid valve annuloplasty were performed. In view of the preoperative acute respiratory distress, we decided, at the beginning of the operation, to carry on circulatory support with oxygenation through an ECMO-type CPB at the end of the operation. This decision was totally justified by the unfeasible CPB weaning off. ECMO use led to an efficient hemodynamic state without inotropic drug support. The surgical post-operative course was uneventful. Early use of cardiorespiratory support with veno-arterial ECMO allows pulmonary and right heart recovery after cardiac surgery, thus avoiding the use of inotropic drugs and complex ventilatory support.
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PMID:Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory failure in postpartum woman with rheumatic mitral valve disease: benefit, factors furthering the success of this procedure, and review of the literature. 1767 95