Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The expression of the enzyme marker terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was examined by immunofluorescence assay in the cells from 333 cases with various types and subtypes of leukemia or lymphoma. More than 90% of cALL and T-ALL, 70% of Null-ALL and 80% of pre-B-ALL were TdT-positive. One case in the commonly TdT-negative group of B-ALL showed TdT-positive cells. All cases of mature B-cell malignancies (B-CLL, hairy cell leukemia, B-cell lymphoma) have been TdT-negative. In the group of mature T-cell malignancies, T-CLL and mycosis fungoides were negative and 2 out of 6 mature T-cell lymphomas were TdT-positive. 13% of acute myeloid leukemias and 36% of CML in blast crisis expressed TdT. Therefore, these TdT-positive cases of CML in blast crisis also carrying the common ALL-antigen belong to the lymphoid subtype. CML and erythroleukemia were invariably TdT-negative. TdT has become an indispensable indicator of immature lymphoid leukemia cells and is particularly valuable as part of the panel of markers used in leukemia phenotyping.
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PMID:Incidence of TdT positivity in cases of leukemia and lymphoma. 308 80

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the commonest secondary cancer following bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We report the case of a 42-year-old man who developed a laryngeal high-grade B-cell lymphoma 5 years following a matched T depleted BMT for CML. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using the microsatellite marker Cyp 19 demonstrated the donor origin of involved tissue. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomic sequences were identified by PCR. Although EBV related B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (BLPD) post BMT are difficult to treat, there was a complete remission in this patient following three courses of chemotherapy (CHOP) administered with G-CSF. This case of late-onset BLPD appears clinically distinct from the well-defined, aggressive, early post-transplant BLPD.
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PMID:Localized, late-onset, high-grade lymphoma following bone marrow transplantation: response to combination chemotherapy. 751 97

p21 is induced by and mediates the effects of p53 in response to DNA damage arresting the cell in G1 or G2, by inhibiting multiple cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) or binding to proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), respectively. To determine whether p21 mutants occur in tumors we examined DNA from 188 primary non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma (NHL) tumors and 84 chronic myelogenous leukemia samples for mutational changes in the coding region of p21 by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNA. We did not find mutations in the coding region in these two tumor types. We identified a polymorphic nucleotide change in codon 31 in which a transversion from C to A substituted amino acid arginine for serine. Three of 188 NHL tumors were homozygous for this change, but they were not identified in 84 CMLs or in 97 normal controls. On the other hand, in one CML case a transition from G to A in codon 64 substituted amino acid threonine for alanine. These data do not indicate that derangements in the coding region of p21 contribute to the initiation and/or progression of these tumors.
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PMID:Absence of somatic changes in p21 gene in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia. 865 61

In order to elucidate the possibility of costimulatory molecules-mediated immuno or immuno-gene therapy for human hematological malignancies, we analyzed 30 hematopoietic cell lines and cells obtained from 48 patients with hematological malignancies for the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86. The 30 hematopoietic cell lines were composed of 4 cell lines derived from the patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), 3 from Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL (Ph1+ALL), 8 from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), 3 from acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), 8 from chronic myeloid leukemia at blast crisis (CML-BC), 3 from Burkitt's lymphoma and one from follicular cell lymphoma. The expression of CD80 or CD86 was frequent on cell lines derived from the patients with CML-BC or Burkitt's lymphoma, while it was rare on cell lines from T-ALL. Subsequently we analyzed the cells obtained from 48 patients with hematological malignancies, which consisted of 6 samples from patients with ALL, 30 from AML, 2 from CML-BC, 3 from B-cell lymphoma and one from each acute mixed leukemia (AMixL), adult T cell leukemia (ATL), T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL leukemia), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-RAEB in T, multiple myeloma (MM) or T-cell lymphoma. Among all the 48 cases, all cases except one case with CLL and two with B cell lymphoma were demonstrated to be negative for CD80 on the neoplastic cells. CD86 and HLA-DR were shown to be expressed in 50% and 88% of total 48 cases respectively. In 30 AML samples, CD86 was positive in 15 cases (50%), which was sharply in contrast with the finding that CD80 was not detected in any AML samples. HLA-DR was expressed in 25 AML samples (83%). We also treated seven human hematopoietic cell lines with IFN-gamma, IL-12 or IL-15 and observed whether these cytokines could induce or enhance the expression of CD40, CD54, CD58 and HLA-DR as well as CD80 and CD86. The present study demonstrated that the expression of CD86 could be upregulated not only by IFN-gamma, but also by IL-12 or IL-15 in some cell lines. These findings suggested the possibility that the absence of CD80 on neoplastic cells may be associated with the lack of efficient anti-tumor immunity in most patients with hematological malignancies and that the immuno or immuno-gene therapy manipulating the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 may be a useful treatment modality for hematological malignancies.
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PMID:Expression patterns of costimulatory molecules on cells derived from human hematological malignancies. 989 58

Survivin is a newly discovered inhibitor of the apoptosis protein, IAP, expressed during development and in human cancers. The effector cell protease receptor-1 (EPR-1) gene is oriented in the opposite direction on the same DNA double strand. Thus, the Survivin and EPR-1 (Survivin/EPR-1) genes exist in a head-to-head configuration. It is not clear whether mutual expression of the Survivin/EPR-1 genes occurs in both normal cells and cancer cells. Here, we investigated the mutual expression of the Survivin/EPR-1 genes in 12 normal peripheral blood (PB) specimens, seven normal bone marrow (BM) specimens, five lymph node (LN) specimens, and seven leukemic cell lines, and 27 patients with malignant lymphoma (ML), four with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), three with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), and four with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis (CML-BC). Using Northern blot analysis, small amounts of EPR-1 mRNA were detected in normal PB, normal BM and LN specimens, but no Survivin mRNA was detected. However, Survivin mRNA was detected in two of the 12 normal PB, six of the seven normal BM and one of the five LN specimens using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expression of both the Survivin and EPR-1 genes was detected in six of the seven cell line samples by Northern blot, and in all of them by RT-PCR. Mutual expression of the Survivin and EPR-1 genes was detected in three of the four CML-BC samples, 15 of the 27 ML samples, two of the four ALL samples, and all three AML samples using the RT-PCR method. No EPR-1 expression with or without Survivin expression was clearly detected in eight of the nine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLB) specimens, two of the six follicular center lymphoma specimens, one of the four specimens of nodular sclerosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma, two of the four ALL specimens or one of the four CML-BC specimens. The data presented here show that disrupted expression of the Survivin/EPR-1 genes occurred in many kinds of hematologically malignant cells. This may be of biological importance.
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PMID:Disturbed expression of the anti-apoptosis gene, survivin, and EPR-1 in hematological malignancies. 1108 80

We describe the rare coexistence at the time of diagnosis of Philadelphia positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (Ph+ CML) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). At the time of diagnosis, cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells revealed the Ph chromosome translocation in all examined metaphases. The lymph node biopsy showed features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This case may be of interest due to: (1) the rare coexistence of Ph+ CML and NHL at diagnosis, (2) the fact, that in contrary with previously reported cases in patients with antecedent or concurrent diagnosis of CML, where precursor lymphoblastic lymphomas are prevalent, in our patient clinical and laboratory findings revealed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and (3) that the present case is an additional one confirming the poor outcome of patients with simultaneous occurrence of these two clinical entities.
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PMID:Coexistence of Philadelphia-positive chronic granulocytic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma at initial diagnosis. 1199 82

SV40 DNA sequences have been detected in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. A link between SV40 and NHL is biologically plausible since SV40 causes hematological malignancies in laboratory rodents. We investigated 266 Egyptian cases of hematological malignancies (158 NHL, 54 HD, 26 ALL, 13 AML, 8 CLL, 7 CML) and 34 subjects as a control for detection of SV40 DNA using nested PCR. SV40 DNA sequences were found in (53.8%) of NHL, (29.6%) of HD and in (40.7%) of different types of leukemia cases. Frequency of SV40 DNA sequences was higher in NHL patients compared with those with the other tumors and control group (p < 0.05). The highest frequency was in Burkitt's lymphoma followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The present study suggests that SV40 is significantly associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and most probably acts as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of these tumors. This could lead to new diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches.
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PMID:Detection of simian virus 40 DNA sequences in Egyptian patients with different hematological malignancies. 1778 20

Hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) has become a curative therapeutic strategy for several malignant and nonmalignant diseases. We report the comprehensive results of the first 10 years of experience in HSCT from the two major BMT units in Lebanon: Makassed University Hospital and the American University of Beirut Medical Center. The median and the 5-year overall survival (OS) were 97 months and 58%, respectively, for the 84 patients who received allogeneic HSCT, and 60 months and 50%, respectively, for the 228 patients who received autologous BMT. The results for myeloablative allogeneic transplantation were as follows: AML (n=28, 5-year OS 58%, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) 48%), CML (n=9, 5-year OS 66%, 5-year DFS 52%), ALL (n=13, 2-year OS 10%, 2-year DFS 10%), thalassemia (n=10, 5-year transfusion-free survival 67%). The results for autologous HSCT were as follows: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in relapse (n=37, 5-year OS 68%, 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) 65%), Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=55, 5-year OS 55%, 5-year PFS 36%), and first-line multiple myeloma (n=71, 5-year OS 53%, 5-year PFS 24%). For allogeneic transplanted patients, the cumulative TRM was 23% and the incidence of acute GVHD was 23%. For autografted patients, TRM was 2.6%. These results indicate that despite the relatively low socioeconomic status of the Lebanese population, both allogeneic and autologous HSCT are feasible with outcomes similar to developed countries.
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PMID:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Lebanon: first comprehensive report. 1872 16

A biomarker is defined as "a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic/pharmacodynamic responses to a therapeutic intervention". Various assays, including immunohistochemistry, gene constitution such as amplification, mutation, and rearrangement, gene and protein expression analysis such as single gene or protein expression, exhaustive analysis and gene or protein signature and single nucleotide polymorphism have been used to identify biomarkers in recent years. No therapeutic effects have yet been predicted based on the results of such exhaustive gene analysis because of low reproducibility although some correlate with the prognosis of patients. Biomarkers such as HER2 for breast cancer or EGFR mutation for lung cancer and KRAS mutation in colon cancer have contributed to identify a patient population that might show a good and bad treatment response, respectively. On the other hand, other biomarkers such as bcr-abl, c-kit gene mutation and CD20 expression, which are positive for CML, GIST and B cell lymphoma, respectively, have crucial biological significance but have not necessarily been used for practical clinical screening since pathological diagnosis coincide with finding of biomarkers. Hence, much work remains to be done in many areas of biomarker research.
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PMID:Critical comments for roles of biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. 2165 49

Bone marrow biopsy of the iliac crest is the first and most important step in the diagnostics of hematopoietic disorders. The biopsies of the years 2006 and 2007 from the Institute of Pathology of the Jena University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed for clinicopathological parameters. In addition, the Mitelman database was retrieved for chromosomal aberrations. The analysis of 2820 reports from 1185 patients revealed that lymphomas, plasma cell myeloma and acute leukemia were most frequent. Males predominated in myeloproliferative neoplasms and lymphoma subtypes, particularly CLL, except for plasma cell myeloma and acute leukemia. A peak incidence was seen between 61 and 70 years of age with a varying pattern for single entities. The database search revealed that ALL, AML, CLL and CML were mainly diploid while Hodgkin lymphoma, mature B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma mostly carried hyperdiploid chromosome numbers. Numerical aberrations like chromosome 8 gains in hyperdiploid CML were prominent in specific subgroups. Molecular testing is exemplified in CML, plasma cell myeloma and hairy cell leukemia. The study highlights typical clinicopathological characteristics and new genetic findings in hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms with relevance for the new WHO classification and beyond. We hope that it may help in the differential diagnosis of bone marrow biopsies.
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PMID:Bone marrow biopsies of patients with hematopoietic and lymphoid disorders - epidemiology, chromosomal aberrations and molecular pathology. 2279 90


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