Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recent studies confirmed that the new cell survival signal pathway of Insulin-PI3K-Akt exerted cyto-protective actions involving anti-apoptosis. This study was undertaken to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of insulin in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) and evaluate its therapeutic effects in adult rats. SCI was produced by extradural compression using modified Allen's stall with damage energy of 40 g-cm force. One group of rats was subjected to SCI in combination with the administration of recombinant human insulin dissolved in 50% glucose solution at the dose of 1 IU/kg day, for 7 days. At the same time, another group of rats was subjected to SCI in combination with the administration of an equal volume of sterile saline solution. Functional recovery was evaluated using open-field walking, inclined plane tests, and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) during the first 14 days post-trauma. Levels of protein for B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 gene (Bcl-2), Caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were quantified in the injured spinal cord by Western blot analysis. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, and spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Ultimately, the data established the effectiveness of insulin treatment in improving neurologic recovery, increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 proteins, inhibiting caspase-3 expression decreasing neuronal apoptosis, reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines iNOS and COX-2, and ameliorating microcirculation of injured spinal cord after moderate contusive SCI in rats. In sum, this study reported the beneficial effects of insulin in the treatment of SCI, with the suggestion that insulin should be considered as a potential therapeutic agent.
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PMID:Anti-apoptotic effect of insulin in the control of cell death and neurologic deficit after acute spinal cord injury in rats. 1789 11

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) containing diet exerts an inhibitory effect on mammary carcinogenesis in a well-characterized rodent model for breast cancer. Twenty-one-d-old female Sprague Dawley rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea and 7 d after carcinogen injection were randomized to 1 of 5 groups fed a modification of the AIN-93G diet formulation containing 0, 7.5, 15, 30, or 60% (wt:wt) small red dry bean incorporated as cooked, freeze-dried, and milled powder. All experimental diets had the same macronutrient content based on proximate analysis. Compared with the control group, dry bean consumption resulted in dose-dependent reductions in mammary cancer incidence (P = 0.046), cancer multiplicity (P = 0.001), and tumor burden (P = 0.01). Dry bean consumption was associated with dose-dependent reductions in plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 in food-deprived rats. Analysis of mammary adenocarcinomas indicated that a dominant mechanism accounting for reduced tumor burden was the induction of apoptosis. B cell lymphoma 2 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein levels decreased and BCL-2-associated X protein increased with increasing dry bean consumption, findings consistent with the induction of apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. These data demonstrate that a legume without noteworthy content of isoflavones inhibits the development of mammary carcinogenesis and are consistent with a recent report from the Nurses Health Study that bean or lentil intake is associated with a lower risk for breast cancer.
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PMID:Mechanisms associated with dose-dependent inhibition of rat mammary carcinogenesis by dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.). 1893 3

In this study we elucidated the effects of berberine, a major alkaloid component contained in medicinal herbs, such as Phellodendri Cortex and Coptidis Rhizoma, on ischemic neuronal damage in mouse organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs) caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) -type glutamate receptor stimulation. Hippocampal slices obtained from 7-d-old ICR mice were cultured for 10 d before the experiments. Ischemia-related damage was induced by OGD (5, 15, 45 min) or NMDA (10 microM) treatment, and was evaluated by measuring propidium iodide (PI) uptake. Levels of apoptotic marker proteins, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and phosphorylated-Bcl-2 (p-Bcl-2), in the OHSCs were measured as indices of biochemical neuronal cell damage by Western blotting. Berberine (5, 25 microM) or the NMDA antagonist MK-801 (25 microM) was added to the medium 30 min before OGD or NMDA treatment. OGD time-dependently increased PI uptake of the OHSCs. Both berberine (5, 25 microM) and MK-801 (25 microM) significantly inhibited PI uptake at 24 h after 45-min OGD treatment and PI uptake in OHSCs exposed to NMDA for 24 h. OGD treatment also significantly increased the level of p-Bcl-2 but not that of Bcl-2 or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in OHSCs. Berberine (5-25 microM) significantly suppressed the OGD-induced increase of p-Bcl-2 level in OHSCs when tissue was exposed to the alkaloid prior to OGD or simultaneously with OGD. These findings suggest that berberine has protective effects against ischemic damage in mouse OHSCs and that the effects are at least partly mediated by suppression of Bcl-2 phosphorylation.
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PMID:Berberine exerts neuroprotective actions against in vitro ischemia-induced neuronal cell damage in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: involvement of B-cell lymphoma 2 phosphorylation suppression. 1912 85

Neurolymphomatosis is an uncommon extranodal manifestation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It may mimic a broad variety of neurologic conditions which renders clinical diagnosis challenging. As blind nerve biopsy is invasive and may be false negative, surrogate criteria for the diagnosis of neurolymphomatosis have been proposed based on magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography findings. However, these morphologic modalities may suffer from limited sensitivity. Recently, a few reports have been published that discuss a possible advantage of F-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT) in these patients.We report the case of a 41-year-old man who presented with progressive tetraparesis and dysaesthesia, in which F-18 FDG PET/CT aided to the diagnosis of neurolymphomatosis due to a large B-cell lymphoma. The patient received chemotherapy (R-CHOP) and the neurologic symptoms were clearly regressive. Three months after the end of systemic chemotherapy the patient presented again with progressive neurologic symptoms. A second PET/CT was performed and demonstrated disease recurrence in the right testis as well as widespread neurolymphomatosis. Additional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examinations were performed and confirmed infiltration of the left brachial plexus, the right femoral, and the right sciatic nerve.We present this case to support the hypothesis that F-18 FDG PET/CT is a valuable imaging modality in patients with suspected neurolymphomatosis. It allows one to accurately determine the extent of the disease in a single whole-body examination.
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PMID:F-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the detection of radicular and peripheral neurolymphomatosis: correlation with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. 1961 23

We assessed the quality of current evidence on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) performed after a few cycles of chemotherapy for patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on a recently published systematic review of the literature. There is a moderate level of evidence suggesting that interim PET has an excellent prognostic ability to predict treatment failures in low- to intermediate-risk advanced-stage HL patients. Evidence is insufficient for DLBCL due to the clinical heterogeneity of the primary studies. Interim PET should at present not be regarded as an established procedure and it still remains as an unproven test for routine clinical practice. Its use should currently be reserved for research studies where treatment strategies and imaging protocols are standardized.
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PMID:Current clinical evidence on interim fluorine-18 fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography for advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to predict treatment outcomes. 1986 79

Acute renal failure (ARF) due to bilateral parenchymal infiltration of a high grade malignant non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma is exceptional. Early identification of this pathology causing ARF is critical as early induction therapy with cyclophosphamide and prednisone often leads to a substantial recovery of kidney function. This striking case illustrates the usefulness of noninvasive fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography as a functional imaging modality demonstrating not only the cause of unexplained ARF but also its convenience for the restaging management of non-Hodgkin lymphomas during complete remission.
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PMID:Acute renal failure due to primary bilateral renal large B-cell lymphoma: diagnostics and follow-up by FDG-PET/CT. 1989 14

In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), several recurrent chromosomal aberrations have been described where the presumed target genes remain unknown, including gain/amplification at 11q23-24. Here, we characterized amplification at 11q23 in the DLBCL cell line KARPAS-422. Quantitative genomic PCR and FISH analysis were used to define the region altered, thus showing an amplification peak at 111.1 Mb, the region hosting SIK2/SNF1LK2. Expression profiling, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunocytology identified overexpression of SIK2, highlighting this gene as a likely key target of 11q23 amplification. SIK2 encodes a protein kinase that has been shown to inhibit transcription factor CREB via phosphorylation of its cofactor TORC2/CRTC2. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated downregulation of SIK2 expression resulted in upregulation of the CREB target gene BIM. Functional analysis by treatments with cAMP, the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose revealed a regulatory role for SIK2 in survival and glucose metabolism, respectively. However, overexpression of SIK2 was not detectable in primary DLBCL samples. Nevertheless, identification of SIK2 as an amplification target highlights this kinase along with its regulatory network as potential therapeutic targets in DLBCL.
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PMID:Amplification at 11q23 targets protein kinase SIK2 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 2023 55

The utility of ([18F])fluoro-2-deoxy- d-glucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) for predicting outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is uncertain - existing studies include a range of histological subtypes or have a limited duration of follow-up. Thirty-nine patients with primary-refractory or relapsed DLBCL with pre-ASCT PET scans were analysed. The median follow-up was 3 years. The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with positive PET scans pre-ASCT was 35% vs. 81% for those who had negative PET scans (P = 0.003). The overall survival (OS) in these groups was 39% and 81% (P = 0.01), respectively. In a multivariate analysis, PET result, number of salvage cycles and the presence of relapsed or refractory disease were shown to predict a longer PFS; PET negativity (P = 0.04) was predictive of a longer OS. PET is useful for defining those with an excellent prognosis post-ASCT. Although those with positive scans can still be salvaged with current treatments, PET may useful for selecting patients eligible for novel consolidation strategies after salvage therapies.
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PMID:Improved survival for relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma is predicted by a negative pre-transplant FDG-PET scan following salvage chemotherapy. 2050 1

A brief exposure to isoflurane prior to brain ischemia reduces ischemic brain injury in rodents. Here we showed that exposure of rat cerebral cortical neuronal cultures to 2% isoflurane for 30 min at 24 h before a 2-h oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) reduced the OGD-induced cell injury. This effect was abolished by HA14-1, a selective inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein. Bcl-2 is well-known for its anti-apoptotic property. HA14-1 alone did not change OGD-induced cell injury. OGD reduced the expression of Bcl-2 in these neurons. This reduction was attenuated by isoflurane preconditioning. These results suggest that isoflurane preconditioning-induced neuroprotection is mediated by Bcl-2.
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PMID:Isoflurane preconditioning reduces oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury via B-cell lymphoma 2 protein. 2135 97

A 65-year-old man who had multiple lymph nodes swelling was pathologically diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. After initiation of induction chemotherapy, F-18 FDG PET/CT showed a significantly decreased extent of previous lymphomatous lesions except for 2 newly developed focal hypermetabolic lesions in the prostate and left epididymis. The specimens from the prostate and orchiectomy revealed tuberculosis lesions. After a 3-month antituberculosis regimen, there was definitively decreased glucose uptake in the prostate on F-18 FDG PET. F-18 FDG PET may be helpful for characterizing genitourinary tuberculosis and monitoring antituberculosis treatment.
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PMID:F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging of solitary genital tuberculosis mimicking recurrent lymphoma. 2136 12


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