Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fucoxanthin is an important carotenoid derived from edible brown seaweeds and is used in indigenous herbal medicines. The aim of the present study was to examine the cytoprotective effects of fucoxanthin against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage. Fucoxanthin decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, as assessed by fluorescence spectrometry performed after staining cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofl uorescein diacetate. In addition, electron spin resonance spectrometry showed that fucoxanthin scavenged hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction in a cell-free system. Fucoxanthin also inhibited comet tail formation and phospho-histone H2A.X expression, suggesting that it prevents hydrogen peroxideinduced cellular DNA damage. Furthermore, the compound reduced the number of apoptotic bodies stained with Hoechst 33342, indicating that it protected keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death. Finally, fucoxanthin prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These protective actions were accompanied by the down-regulation of apoptosispromoting mediators (i.e., B-cell lymphoma-2-associated x protein, caspase-9, and caspase-3) and the up-regulation of an apoptosis inhibitor (B-cell lymphoma-2). Taken together, the results of this study suggest that fucoxanthin defends keratinocytes against oxidative damage by scavenging ROS and inhibiting apoptosis.
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PMID:Fucoxanthin Protects Cultured Human Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress by Blocking Free Radicals and Inhibiting Apoptosis. 2424 11

Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid mainly found in brown seaweeds. Its antitumor and cancer-preventative function has been extensively investigated. Investigations have indicated that fucoxanthin and its metabolite fucoxanthinol induce G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cell lines and can inhibit cancer development in animal models. It is imperative that the underlying mechanism of action of fucoxanthin be elucidated in order to facilitate the development of cancer-prevention strategies in humans. Key molecules that require consideration include mitogen-activated protein kinase, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45, AP-1 transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappa B and several others, including cell cycle-related molecules for G1 cell-cycle arrest and the B cell lymphoma-2 family, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein and AKT serine/threonine kinase/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase for apoptosis. In this review, the mechanisms by which fucoxanthin exerts its antitumor and cancer-preventative action in cell lines and mouse models is discussed, in addition to the potential use of fucoxanthin as a promising compound for cancer prevention.
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PMID:Antitumor and Cancer-preventative Function of Fucoxanthin: A Marine Carotenoid. 2837 14