Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Comprehensive analysis of gene expression using RNA extracted from frozen lymphoma specimens is becoming increasingly important for understanding disease pathogenesis, disease subclassification, and prognostication. As paraffin tissues are widely available whereas frozen specimens are not, development of gene expression analysis based on RNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues would facilitate application of the accumulated knowledge to a sample type that is typical of clinical practice. In the present study, we have developed and optimized methods of RNA extraction from paraffin-embedded lymphoid tissues. In contrast to previously suggested methods of RNA extraction from paraffin, our method uses sodium dodecyl sulfate that better preserves the extracted RNA and is optimized for more complete proteinase K digestion to release RNA from its complexes with protein. These modifications yield long RNA fragments up to 2000 bp enabling amplification of long amplicons. This allows usage of paraffin specimens for molecular rescue of RNA transcripted from rearranged clonal immunoglobulin genes-an advance that may increase the eligibility of lymphoma patients for immunotherapeutic approaches. Furthermore, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of expression of genes implicated in determination of prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients demonstrated an extremely high correlation (R>0.90) in normalized gene expression between paired frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens. Similarly, good correlation was also observed in gene array studies. These results suggest that the methods of RNA extraction we propose are suitable for giving accurate real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction results, array gene expression profiling, and molecular rescue of RNA transcripted from rearranged immunoglobulin genes for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic approaches.
 ...
PMID:Optimization of RNA extraction from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymphoid tissues. 1752 74

SYNOPSIS: Reports that elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays) may have a low incidence of disease have stimulated interest in understanding the role of their immune system in this apparent resistance. Although research in this area may potentially translate into applications for human health, a basic understanding of the elasmobranch immune system components and how they function is essential. As in higher vertebrates, elasmobranch fishes possess thymus and spleen, but in the absence of bone marrow and lymph nodes, these fish have evolved unique lymphomyeloid tissues, namely epigonal and Leydig organs. As conditions for short-term culture of elasmobranch immune cells have become better understood, the opportunity to examine functional activity of cytokine-like factors derived from conditioned culture medium has resulted in the identification of growth inhibitory activity against a variety of tumor cell lines. Specifically, the medium enriched by short term culture of bonnethead shark (Sphyrna tiburo) epigonal cells (epigonal conditioned medium, ECM) has been shown to inhibit the growth of mammalian tumor cell lines, including fibrosarcoma (WEHI-164), melanoma (A375.S2), B-cell lymphoma (Daudi), T-cell leukemia (Jurkat), pancreatic cancer (PANC-1), ovarian cancer (NIH:OVCAR-3), and three breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF7, HCC38, Hs578T). Of the cell lines tested, WEHI-164, A375.S2, Daudi, and Jurkat cells were among the most sensitive to growth inhibitory activity of ECM whereas PANC-1 and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells were among the least sensitive. In addition, ECM demonstrated preferential growth inhibition of malignant cells in assays against two different malignant/non-malignant cell line pairs (HCC38/HCC38 BL and Hs 578T/Hs 578Bst). Separation of protein components of ECM using SDS-PAGE resulted in a very reproducible pattern of three major bands corresponding to molecular sizes of approximately 40-42 kD, 24 kD, and 17 kD. Activity is lost after heating at 75 degrees C for 30 min, and can be diminished by treatment with proteinase K and protease. Activity is not affected by treating with trypsin, DNase I or RNase A.
 ...
PMID:Elasmobranch immune cells as a source of novel tumor cell inhibitors: Implications for public health. 1934 8